TheYokosuka E14Y (Allied reporting nameGlen) was anImperial Japanese Navyreconnaissance seaplane transported aboard and launched from Japanesesubmarine aircraft carriers, such as theI-25 during World War II. The Japanese Navy designation was "Type 0 Small Reconnaissance Seaplane" (零式小型水上偵察機).

E14Y
General information
Type	Submarine-basedreconnaissanceseaplane
National origin	Japan
Manufacturer	Yokosuka Naval Air Technical Arsenal
Primary user	Imperial Japanese Navy
Number built	126
History
Introduction date	1941
First flight	1939
Retired	1943

The E14Y was used for several Japanesereconnaissance missions during thePacific War.

On 26 February 1942, theJapanese submarineI-25, under the command of Captain Akiji Tagami, was off the northern tip ofKing Island inBass Strait off the coast ofVictoria, Australia, when an E14Y was launched on a reconnaissance flight over thePort of Melbourne.^[1] The pilot and observer/gunner were in the air for three hours, during which time they successfully flew overPort Phillip Bay and observed the ships at anchor off Melbourne before returning to land on its floats beside the submarine, where it was winched aboard and disassembled.

The E14Y is the only Japanese aircraft to overflyNew Zealand during World War II (and only the second enemy aircraft after the GermanFriedrichshafen FF.33 'Wölfchen' during World War I). On 8 March 1942, Warrant OfficerNobuo Fujita photographed the Allied build-up inWellington harbour in a "Glen" launched from theJapanese submarineI-25. On 13 March, he flew overAuckland, before theI-25 proceeded to Australia. On the night of 24/25 May, Warrant Officer Susumo Ito flew a "Glen" over Auckland from theJapanese submarineI-21. Just days later, in the same aircraft, Ito flew the reconnaissance flight preceding the sole Japaneseattack on Sydney Harbour in which twenty-one seamen were killed whenHMAS Kuttabul sank on 1 June 1942.^{[2]: 340–6}

Type A1 submarineI-9 was caught off the New Zealand coast in early 1943; however, no Japanese aircraft were observed, and any records of overflights were lost when the submarine was sunk.^[3]

The E14Y also has the distinction of being the only submarine-based aircraft to dropbombs on theUnited States during World War II, in an incident known asThe Lookout Air Raid. On 9 September 1942, Chief Warrant Officer Nobuo Fujita, a pilot in the Japanese Imperial Navy, and his crewman, Petty Officer Shoji Okuda, surfaced in submarineI-25 off the coast of Oregon near Brookings. The seaplane hadfolding wings and was transported in a watertight capsule attached to the deck of the submarine. The bombs – 76 kg (168 lb)incendiaries intended to cause forest fires – caused no injuries or real damage.

A total of 126^[4][5] E14Ys were produced.

Aviation History magazine reported in the November 2008 issue^[4] that divers had found airplane parts in theAkibasan Maru wreck, a Japanese cargo ship sunk in theKwajalein Atoll on 20 January 1944 and rediscovered in 1965.^[6] The parts (including wings and floats) were finally identified (April 2008) as belonging to two E14Y1 "Glen"floatplanes, through the use of photographs from the wreck and comparisons with original technical drawings and a captured technical manual.^[4]

Data fromJapanese Aircraft of the Pacific War^[5]

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Length: 8.54 m (28 ft 0 in)
• Wingspan: 11 m (36 ft 1 in)
• Height: 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
• Wing area: 19 m² (200 sq ft)
• Empty weight: 1,119 kg (2,467 lb)
• Gross weight: 1,450 kg (3,197 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 1,600 kg (3,527 lb)
• Powerplant: 1 ×Hitachi GK2 Tempu 12 9-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 250 kW (340 hp) for take-off, 220 kW (300 hp) at sea level
• Propellers: 2-bladed wooden propeller

Performance

• Maximum speed: 246 km/h (153 mph, 133 kn) at sea level
• Cruise speed: 167 km/h (104 mph, 90 kn) at 1,000 m (3,300 ft)
• Range: 881 km (547 mi, 476 nmi)
• Service ceiling: 5,240 m (17,200 ft)
• Time to altitude: 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in 10 minutes 11 seconds
• Wing loading: 76.3 kg/m² (15.6 lb/sq ft)
• Power/mass: 0.1749 kW/kg (0.1064 hp/lb)

Armament

• Guns: 1× flexible, rearward-firing 7.7 mm (0.303 in)Type 92 machine gun for the observer
• Bombs: 2× 76 kg (168 lb) bombs (various)

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

• Aichi M6A
• Arado Ar 231
• Besson MB.411
• Watanabe E9W

Related lists

• List of flying boats and floatplanes
• List of submarine-borne aircraft

• Francillon, René J. (1979).Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company.ISBN 0-370-30251-6..
• Green, William.War Planes of the Second World War, Volume Six: Floatplanes. London: Macdonald & Co (Publishers), 1962.
• Ishiguro, Ryusuke and Tadeusz Januszewski.Kugisho E14Y "Glen". Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: MMP Books, 2010.ISBN 978-8389450616.
• Jackson, Robert.The Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft. Bath, UK: Parragon Books, 2006.ISBN 1-4054-2465-6.
• Januszewski, Tadeusz.Japanese Submarine Aircraft. Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: Mushroom Model Publications, 2002.ISBN 83-916327-2-5.
• Passingham, Malcolm (February 2000). "Les hydravions embarqués sur sous-marins" [Submarine-carried Seaplanes].Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (83):7–17.ISSN 1243-8650.
• Passingham, Malcolm (March 2000). "Les hydravions embarqués sur sous-marins".Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French) (84):25–37.ISSN 1243-8650.
• Thorpe, Donald W.Japanese Naval Air Force Camouflage and Markings World War II. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, 1977.ISBN 0-8168-6587-6.

• Yokosuka E14Y Allied Code Name: "Glen" –www.combinedfleet.com
• Yokosuka E14Y (Glen) including the fire-bombing, August 1942 –Pacific Wrecks