TheToruń tram system is atramway inToruń,Poland that has been in operation since 1891. The system is operated byMiejski Zakład Komunikacji w Toruniu [pl] (MZK Toruń). There are 7 tramlines with a totalline length of 54.3 kilometres (33.7 mi). The system operates on 28 kilometres (17 mi) of route on1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)metre gauge (narrow gauge) track. The entire rolling stock of the tram system numbers 67 trams, 22 newerPesa Swing trams, and 45 olderKonstal 805Na Trams. The entire tramline runs ondouble tracks and usesballoon loops.

Trams in Toruń
Pesa Swing in Toruń, 2015
Operation
Locale	Toruń,Poland
Horsecar era: 1891 (1891)–1899 (1899) Operator(s) Havestadt & Contag Propulsionsystem(s) Horses
Electric trams era: 1899 (1899)–present Status Operational Routes 7 Operator(s) MZK Toruń Track gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) Propulsionsystem(s) Electricity Electrification 600VDCparallel overhead lines Depot(s) Ul. Henryka Sienkiewicza Stock 27x Konstal 805Na 18x Konstal 805NaND 22x Pesa Swing Track length (total) 28 km (17 mi) Website www.mzk.torun.pl

Today, the entire tram network is located on the northern side of theVistula River, even though a large portion of the city extends southwards. Therefore, the tram system does not serve the citiesmain railway station.

Havestadt & Contag [de] opened the first horse-drawn tram line on the 16th of May 1891, running fromToruń Miasto [pl] to the neighborhood of Bydgoszczskie Przedmieście. The Tram Line was electrified in 1899, and in December 1901, the city of Toruń took over responsibility for the maintenance and expansion of the tram line. In 1902, the city opened a second tram line to the Mokre, and in 1907, a third line to Chełmiński Przedmieście. Further expansion of the line was proposed, but ultimately halted by the outbreak ofWorld War I.^[1]

Following the conclusion of the First World War, Operation of the tramway was taken over by theSecond Polish Republic. Most of the rolling stock was in extremely poor condition, and all operations ceased for three months in 1921 to allow for repairs of the trams. In 1934, the fourth tram line began operation toToruń Główny railway station, bringing trams to the south of the city. A 5th line to Jakubskie Przedmieście was completed in 1935.

DuringWorld War II, the city of Toruń was captured on 7 September 1939 by the advancingGerman Army. Shortly before the capture of the city, the Józef Piłsudski Bridge was destroyed by the Polish Army, thus cutting off the southern side of the city.

During the war, the tram network was run by the Germans and resumed normal operation. The Germans built a temporary wooden bridge that could carry buses to the other side of the Vistula River. These buses replaced the previous tram line across the river until a replacement bridge was completed in 1950. During the final months of World War II, all tram lines sustained significant damage. The tram network ceased operation for a few months until repairs could be made.

In 1955, the line in Chełmiński Przedmieście began extension to first, the railway station of Pólnoncy, and then in 1958, the line was extended to Wrzosy

The 1970s and early 1980s were a huge time of expansion for the Tram Network. In 1970, the tramway was rerouted and no longer traveled through the center of the city. In 1971, an extension of the west terminus was moved to the current day Motoarena. In 1974, a tram line to Elana was completed, and in 1980, this tram line was connected to the center of the city by a new line running from Wschodnia to the old town.

In 1981, the line to Jakubskie Przedmieście was extended to Ślaskiego. Then in 1986, this line was further extended to Olimpijska, where the current eastern end of the Tram network ends. Also in 1986, a tram line was built along Kraszewkiego Street.

During the late 1980s, The Expansion of tram lines was halted and replaced by new bus lines instead. Many lines were liquidated during this time, including the tram Line on theJòzef Piłsudski Bridge [pl] to the Toruń Główny was closed and converted into exclusively a road bridge. Since then, Trams in Toruń have exclusively operated on the northern bank of the Vistula.^[2]

Other liquidations on the line included the line to Wroszy, which was first reduced to Station of Toruń Pólnoncy in 1972. Later, in 1991, after the closure of the station, the line was completely dismantled. The line on Grudziądzka Street was rerouted to instead run on Kaszowinuku Street in 1979.^[1]

A 1.7-kilometre (1.1 mi) extension was built to serveNicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It was originally projected to open in 2013,^[3] but the extension ultimately opened for service on 24 June 2014.^[4]

The most recent extension, built to serve the Osiedle Jar housing estate in the north of the town, was inaugurated on 25 August 2023 and started normal passenger operations on 1 September 2023.^[5]

There are currently several plans to extend the City of Toruń tram network. These plans are in different stages of planning or consideration

Beginning in 2026, construction of a line extension from theMotoArena Toruń to Starotoruńskie Przedmieście is planned. A new tram depot is planned at the new eastern terminus, a bus depot is also planned.^[6]

In 2025, there was a proposal by the mayor to link the southern side of the city to the tram network. This plan would involve building a new bridge over the vistula river.^[7]

Currently, there are plans to link Olimpiska P&R to Elana, forming a complete loop of the system and extending Tram lines 2 and 4 to Olimpiska

There are also long-term plans to connect the Toruń Tram system to Bydgoszcz to facilitate a new connection between the metropolitan areas. The Tram Line was included in a 2030 plan, with a new bridge across the Vistula River near Bydgoszcz. This Tram line would have a travel time of 70 minutes. The line would serve to further link theBydgoszcz–Toruń metropolitan area^[8][9]

There are 7 regular tram lines in Toruń. There is also a Tourist/Event line and a Night-time line.

All lines regular except 7 on the network run every 30 minutes during weekends and off-peak hours, and every 20 minutes during peak hours. The peak hours are usually 7AM-8AM, and 1PM-4PM^[10]

Line 7 runs every 30 minutes on Weekdays except when the local University is not in session, when it only runs during peak hours.

An 8th line occasionally serves large amounts of traffic at theMotoArena Toruń. The 8th line is also occasionally used as a tourist line running historical vehicles during the summer tourist season.

Line "9" is the city's night tram; it runs occasionally during tourist season weekends, as well as local festivities and holidays.^[11]

The current tram depot is located on Henryka Sienkiewicza Street. It is currently the only tram depot on the entire network

By 2029, the depot is planned to be moved to a new location east of the Motoarena