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Tens of thousands of years ago, theAzov Sea was much larger and covered the delta of theKuban River. Deposition ofsilt by the Kuban gradually pushed out the sea and shaped the delta with numerous shallow estuaries. Frequent eruptions of the mud volcanoes contributed to this deposition process. There are about 25 mud volcanoes in the area and some are still active.
Situated close to the site of ancientTmutarakan, Temryuk was vied by various powers as a vantage point at the mouth of the Kuban River. The first recorded settlement on the site wasTumnev, aTatar fortress, which passed to theGenoese merchants in the 14th century. It was known asCopa until occupied by theCrimean Khanate in 1483.
The Russians, allied with a local potentate,Temryuk of Kabardia, captured Tumnev and built a fortress called New Temryuk there. The Crimean Tatars retook the fort in 1570; it was known asAdis for a century to come. In the 18th century, the site was settled by theCossacks, whosestanitsa was incorporated as thetown of Temryuk in 1860.[citation needed]. The Germans took the Kuban Gorge (General Konrad Pass) and the town of Temyruk in 1942–43.
The port of Temryuk is 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from the town and is operated byMechel Group. It is southern Russia's main export port forliquefied petroleum gas, and also exports oil and transships general cargo, bulk cargo, and grain.[9][10]
Управление по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Администрации Краснодарского края. Справочная информация №34.01-707/13-03 от 23 мая 2013 г. «Реестр административно-территориальных единиц Краснодарского края». (Department of Cooperation with the Organs of the Local Self-Government of the Administration of Krasnodar Krai. Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03 of May 23, 2013Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Krasnodar Krai. ).
Законодательное Собрание Краснодарского края. Закон №685-КЗ от 1 апреля 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования Темрюкский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городского поселения, сельских поселений — и установлении их границ», в ред. Закона №1756-КЗ от 3 июня 2009 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Краснодарского края об установлении границ муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Информационный бюллетень ЗС Краснодарского края", №16 (1), 5 апреля 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai. Law #685-KZ of April 1, 2004On the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Temryuksky District, on Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, on the Establishment of the Municipal Formations—an Urban Settlement, Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure and on the Establishment of Their Borders, as amended by the Law #1756-KZ of June 3, 2009On Amending Several Legislative Acts of Krasnodar Krai on the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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