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Symbolic programming

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Computer programming paradigm

Incomputer programming,symbolic programming is aprogramming paradigm in which the program can manipulate its own formulas and program components as if they were plain data.^[1]

Through symbolic programming, complex processes can be developed that build other more intricate processes by combining smaller units of logic or functionality. Thus, such programs can effectively modify themselves and appear to "learn", which makes them better suited for applications such asartificial intelligence,expert systems,natural language processing, and computer games.

Languages that support symbolic programming includehomoiconic languages such asWolfram Language,^[2]Lisp,Prolog,^[3] andJulia.

References

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^Michael A. Covington (2010-08-23)."CSCI/ARTI 4540/6540: First Lecture on Symbolic Programming and LISP"(PDF). University of Georgia. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2012-03-07. Retrieved2014-12-29.
^Wolfram Language Notes for Programming Language Experts
^"Symbolic programming on Business Glossary".allbusiness.com. Retrieved2013-11-20.

Programming paradigms

Imperative

Structured	Jackson structures Block-structured Modular Non-structured Procedural Programming in the large and in the small Design by contract Invariant-based Nested function
Object-oriented	Class-based,Prototype-based,Object-based Agent Immutable object Persistent Uniform function call syntax

Declarative

Functional	Recursive Anonymous function (Partial application) Higher-order Purely functional Total Strict GADTs Dependent types Functional logic Point-free style Expression-oriented Applicative,Concatenative Function-level,Value-level Monad
Dataflow	Flow-based Reactive (Functional reactive) Signals Streams Synchronous
Logic	Abductive logic Answer set Constraint (Constraint logic) Inductive logic Nondeterministic Ontology Probabilistic logic Query
Domain- specific language (DSL)	Algebraic modeling Array Automata-based (Action) Command (Spacecraft) Differentiable End-user Grammar-oriented Interface description Language-oriented List comprehension Low-code Modeling Natural language Non-English-based Page description Pipes andfilters Probabilistic Quantum Scientific Scripting Set-theoretic Simulation Stack-based System Tactile Templating Transformation (Graph rewriting,Production,Pattern) Visual