TheSunway TaihuLight (Chinese:神威·太湖之光Shénwēi·tàihú zhī guāng) is a Chinesesupercomputer which, as of November 2023[update], is ranked 11th in theTOP500 list,[1] with aLINPACK benchmark rating of 93petaflops.[2] The name is translated asdivine power, the light ofTaihu Lake.[3] This is nearly three times as fast as the previousTianhe-2, which ran at 34 petaflops. As of June 2017[update], it is ranked as the 16th most energy-efficient supercomputer in theGreen500,[4] with an efficiency of 6.1GFlops/watt. It was designed by theNational Research Center of Parallel Computer Engineering & Technology (NRCPC) and is located at theNational Supercomputing Center in Wuxi in the city ofWuxi, inJiangsu province, China.[5][2]
 | |
| Active | June 2016 |
|---|---|
| Operators | National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi |
| Location | National Supercomputer Center,Wuxi,Jiangsu, China |
| Architecture | Sunway |
| Power | 15 MW (LINPACK) |
| Operating system | Sunway RaiseOS 2.0.5 (based onLinux) |
| Memory | 1.32PB (5591TB/s total bandwidth) |
| Storage | 20PB |
| Speed | 1.45GHz (3.06TFlops single CPU, 105PFLOPSLINPACK, 125PFLOPS peak) |
| Cost | 1.8 billionYuan (US$273 million) |
| Purpose | Oil prospecting, life sciences, weather forecast, industrial design, pharmaceutical research[citation needed] |
The Sunway TaihuLight was the world's fastest supercomputer for two years, from June 2016 to June 2018, according to the TOP500 lists. The record was surpassed in June 2018 by IBM'sSummit.[6][5][7]
Architecture
editThe Sunway TaihuLight utilizes domestically developed semiconductors, including a total of 40,960 Chinese-designedSW26010manycore 64-bitRISC processors based on theSunway architecture.[5][2][8] Each processor chip contains 256 processing cores, and an additional four auxiliary cores for system management (also RISC cores, just more fully featured) for a total of 10,649,600 CPU cores across the entire system.[8]
The processing cores feature 64 KB ofscratchpad memory for data (and 16 KB[8] for instructions) and communicate via anetwork on a chip, instead of having a traditionalcache hierarchy.[9]
Software
editThe system runs on its own operating system, Sunway RaiseOS 2.0.5, which is based onLinux.[8] The system has its own customized implementation ofOpenACC 2.0 to aid the parallelization of code.[10]
Future development
editChina's firstexascale supercomputer was scheduled to enter service by 2020 according to the head of the school of computing at theNational University of Defense Technology (NUDT). According to the national plan for the next generation of high performance computers, the country would have develop an exascale computer during the 13th Five-Year-Plan period (2016–2020). The government of Tianjin Binhai New Area, NUDT and theNational Supercomputing Center of Tianjin are working on the project.[11] The investment is likely to hit 3 billion yuan ($470.6 million).[12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"TOP500 List November 2023".TOP500. Retrieved2024-03-08.
- ^abc"China Tops Supercomputer Rankings with New 93-Petaflop Machine".top500.org. Retrieved2016-06-20.
- ^"Rise of the supercomputers: Developing software, talent are key challenges for China".The Straits Times. 2018-01-28. Retrieved2019-01-15.
- ^"The Green500 List - June 2017".Green500.
- ^abcClark, Jack; King, Ian (2016-06-20)."World's Fastest Supercomputer Now Has Chinese Chip Technology".Bloomberg.com. Retrieved2016-06-20.
- ^"TOP500 - November 2017". TOP500. Retrieved25 June 2018.
- ^"China builds world's most powerful computer".BBC News. 2016-06-20. Retrieved2016-06-20.
- ^abcdDongarra, Jack (2016-06-20)."Report on the Sunway TaihuLight System"(PDF).netlib.org. Retrieved2016-06-20.
Each CPE Cluster is composed of a Management Processing Element (MPE) which is a 64-bit RISC core which is supporting both user and system modes, a 256-bit vector instructions, 32 KB L1 instruction cache and 32 KB L1 data cache, and a 256KB L2 cache. The Computer Processing Element (CPE) is composed of an 8×8 mesh of 64-bit RISC cores, supporting only user mode, with a 256-bit vector instructions, 16 KB L1 instruction cache and 64 KB Scratch Pad Memory (SPM). [..] Each CPE has a 64 KB local (scratchpad) memory, no cache memory. The local memory is SRAM. There is a 16KB instruction cache. Each of the 4 CPE/MPE clusters has 8 GB of DDR3 memory. So a node has 32 GB of primary memory. Each processor connects to four 128-bit DDR3-2133 memory controllers, with a memory bandwidth of 136.51 GB/s.
- ^Lendino, James (2016-06-20)."Meet the new world's fastest supercomputer: China's TaihuLight".Extremetech. Retrieved2016-06-21.
The TOP500 report said that the chip also lacks any traditional L1-L2-L3 cache, and instead has 12KB[sic] of instruction cache and 64KB "local scratchpad" that works sort of like an L1 cache.
- ^Fu, Haohuan; Liao, Junfeng; Yang, Jinzhe; Wang, Lanning; Song, Zhenya; Huang, Xiaomeng; Yang, Chao; Xue, Wei; Liu, Fangfang; Qiao, Fangli; Zhao, Wei; Yin, Xunqiang; Hou, Chaofeng; Zhang, Chenglong; Ge, Wei; Zhang, Jian; Wang, Yangang; Zhou, Chunbo; Yang, Guangwen (2016)."The Sunway TaihuLight Supercomputer: System and Applications".Sci. China Inf. Sci.59 (7).doi:10.1007/s11432-016-5588-7.
- ^"China's Exascale Supercomputer Operational by 2020---Chinese Academy of Sciences".english.cas.cn.
- ^"One Billion Billion! Tianhe-3 Exascale Supercomputer Prototype Passes Tests".Medium. 27 July 2018.
External links
edit- Top500 list entry for the Sunway TaihuLight
- CCTV video news story on Sunway TaihuLight
- Hardware of Sunway TaihuLight
- Andersen, Cameron (22 June 2017).Meet the world's most powerful computer.BBC News. - BBC 5-minute video
| Records | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Tianhe-2 33.9 petaflops | World's most powerful supercomputer June 2016 – June 2018 | Succeeded by Summit 200 petaflops |
31°32′55.01″N120°14′52.94″E / 31.5486139°N 120.2480389°E /31.5486139; 120.2480389