TheSultan of Johor (Malay:Sultan Johor;Jawi:سلطان جوهر) is a hereditary seat and the sovereign ruler of theMalaysian state ofJohor. In the past, the sultan held absolute power over the state and was advised by abendahara. Currently, the role ofbendahara has been taken over byfirst minister (Malay:Menteri Besar) with theconstitutional monarchy system viaJohor State Constitution. The sultan is the constitutional head of state of Johor. The sultan has his own independent military force, theRoyal Johor Military Force (Malay:Askar Timbalan Setia Negeri Johor). The sultan is also the Head of Islam in Johor state.[1]
| Sultan ofJohor | |
|---|---|
| Sultan and Yang-di Pertuan of the State of Johor, The Abode of Dignity and its dependencies Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Yang di-Pertuan bagi Negeri dan Jajahan Takluk Johor Darul Takzim سلطان يڠ دڤرتوان باڬي نڬري دان ججهن تعلوق جوهر دارالتعظيم | |
State | |
 | |
| Incumbent | |
_(cropped).jpg) | |
| Sultan Ibrahim, Sultan of Johor since 23 January 2010 | |
| coronation 23 March 2015 | |
| Details | |
| Style | His Majesty |
| Heir apparent | Tunku Ismail Ibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail |
| First monarch | Alauddin Riayat Shah II |
| Formation | 1528; 497 years ago (1528) |
| Residence | Istana Bukit Serene,Johor Bahru |
| Website | royal |
.JPG)
History
editThe first sultan of Johor wasAlauddin Riayat Shah II. He was the son of the last Sultan of Malacca,Mahmud Shah. The descendants of theSultanate of Malacca ruled Johor until the death of SultanMahmud II in 1699 with the throne being taken over by SultanAbdul Jalil Shah IV, marking the start of theHouse of Bendahara's rule over Johor. Abdul Jalil Shah IV had been abendahara before the death of Mahmud II.
Abu Bakar who reigned as sultan from 1886 to 1895, was the first sultan of the current ruling dynasty, theHouse of Temenggong.[2][3] His father,Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, managed to consolidate enough power to marginalizeSultan Ali who died in 1877.
Current office-holder
editThe current Sultan of Johor isIbrahim Ismail Ibni Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj, who was proclaimed as the 23rd Sultan of Johor on 23 January 2010 and crowned on 23 March 2015 at the Istana Besar, Johor Bahru. His father,Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Al-Khalidi, a great-grandson of Sultan Abu Bakar died on 22 January 2010; the death was announced that night. Ibrahim Ismail, the Tunku Mahkota of Johor (Crown Prince of Johor), was appointed as the Pemangku Raja (Regent) of Johor on the same day. The funeral was held on 23 January after the proclamation of Sultan Ibrahim Ismail.
List of office bearers
edit| Sultans of Johor | Reign |
|---|---|
| Malacca-Johor dynasty | |
| Alauddin Riayat Shah II | 1528–1564 |
| Muzaffar Shah II | 1564–1570 |
| Abdul Jalil I | 1570–1571 |
| Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II | 1571–1597 |
| Alauddin Riayat Shah III | 1597–1615 |
| Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah | 1615–1623 |
| Abdul Jalil Shah III | 1623–1677 |
| Ibrahim Shah | 1677–1685 |
| Mahmud Shah II | 1685–1699 |
| Bendahara dynasty | |
| Abdul Jalil Shah IV (Bendahara Abdul Jalil) | 1699–1720 |
| Malacca-Johor dynasty (claim) | |
| Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah I (Raja Kecil) | 1718–1722 |
| Bendahara dynasty | |
| Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah | 1722–1760 |
| Abdul Jalil Muazzam Shah | 1760–1761 |
| Ahmad Riayat Shah | 1761–1770 |
| Mahmud Shah III | 1770–1811 |
| Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah I | 1811–1819 |
| Ahmad Hussein Muazzam Shah | 1819–1835 |
| Ali Iskandar Muazzam Shah | 1835–1855 |
| Temenggong dynasty (Sultan of Modern Johor) | |
| Abu Bakar al-Khalil | 1886–1895 |
| Ibrahim al-Masyhur | 1895–1959 |
| Ismail al-Khalidi | 1959–1981 |
| Iskandar al-Mutawakkil Alallah | 1981–2010 |
| Ibrahim Ismail[4] | 2010–present |
Timeline
edit
Genealogy tree
edit- Dato Temenggong Sri MaharajaTun Daeng Ibrahim l ibni al-Marhum Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun ‘Abdu’l Rahman, Maharaja of Johor
(8 December 1810 – 10 March 1855 – 31 January 1862, ancestor of the sultanal Temenggong dynasty)- SultanAbu Bakar al-Kharllil Ibrahim Shahibni al-Marhum Dato’ Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (3 February 1833 – , r.31 January 1862 – 4 June 1895)
- SultanIbrahim Iskandar al-Mashuribni al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar (17 September 1873 –, r.4 June 1895 – 8 May 1959)
- Tunku Muhammad Khallidibni Tunku Mahkota Ibrahim Iskandar (27 ogos 1870 - 06 June 1881)
- SultanIsmail al-Kharllilibni al-Marhum Sultan Ibrahim (28 October 1894 – , r.8 May 1959 – 10 May 1981)
- Tunku 'Abdu'l Jalilibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (11 May 1924 – 16 May 1925)
- Tunku 'Abdu'l Rahmanibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (29 July – 16 September 1930)
- Paduka SriSultanMahmud Iskandar Al-Hajibni al-Marhum Sultan Ismail (8 April 1932 – 10 May 1981 – 22 January 2010)
Enche’ Besar Hajjah Kalthom binti ‘Abdu’llah (b. in England, 2 December 1935 – 1 June 2018), née Josephine Ruby Trevorrow- SultanIbrahim Ismailibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Iskandar al-Haj (Born 22 November 1958 –enthroned 23 January 2010 – )
RajaZarith Sofiabinti al-Marhum Sultan Idris al-Mutawakil Allah Afifu’llah Shah, princess ofPerak (14 August 1959 – )- TunkuIsmail Idris ‘Abdu’l Majid Abu Bakar Iskandaribni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Mahkota (Crown Prince, 30 June 1984 – )
- TunkuIskandar Abdul Jalil Abu Bakar Ibrahimibni Tunku Ismail, Raja Muda (14 October 2017 – )[5]
- Tunku Abu Bakar Ibrahimibni Tunku Ismail, (17 July 2019 – )
- Tunku Aminah Maimunah Iskandariahbinti Sultan Ibrahim Ismail (8 April 1986 – )
- Tunku Idris Iskandar Ismail ‘Abdu’l Rahmanibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Temenggong (25 December 1987 – )
- Tunku‘Abdu’l Jalil Iskandaribni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Laksamana (5 July 1990 – 5 December 2015)[6]
- Tunku‘Abdu’l Rahman Hassanal Jeffriibni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Panglima (5 February 1993 – )
- Tunku ‘Abu Bakaribni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Putera (30 May 2001 – )
- TunkuIsmail Idris ‘Abdu’l Majid Abu Bakar Iskandaribni Sultan Ibrahim Ismail, Tunku Mahkota (Crown Prince, 30 June 1984 – )
- SultanIbrahim Ismailibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Iskandar al-Haj (Born 22 November 1958 –enthroned 23 January 2010 – )
- SultanIbrahim Iskandar al-Mashuribni al-Marhum Sultan Abu Bakar (17 September 1873 –, r.4 June 1895 – 8 May 1959)
- SultanAbu Bakar al-Kharllil Ibrahim Shahibni al-Marhum Dato’ Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim (3 February 1833 – , r.31 January 1862 – 4 June 1895)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^Wong Chun Wai (27 September 2017)."Dressing down for launderette".The Star. Retrieved28 June 2018.
- ^Nadarajah,Johore and the Origins of British Control, pg 44
- ^Abdullah, A. Rahman Tang (2011)."Sultan Abu Bakar's Foreign Guests and Travels Abroad, 1860s-1895: Fact and Fiction in Early Malay Historical Accounts".Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.84 (1 (300)):1–22.ISSN 0126-7353.JSTOR 41493787.
- ^"Tunku Ibrahim Ismail Proclaimed As Sultan Of Johor". Bernama. 23 January 2010. Archived fromthe original on 1 March 2010. Retrieved28 June 2018.
- ^Johor Sultan appoints his grandson as Raja Muda
- ^Zazali Musa (5 December 2015)."Johor prince Tunku Jalil dies of cancer".The Star. Retrieved28 June 2018.
Notes
edit
- Nesalamar Nadarajah,Johore and the Origins of British Control, 1895–1914, Arenabuku, 2000,ISBN 967-970-318-5
- T. Wignesan, "A Peranakan's View of the fin de siècle monde malais – Na Tian Piet's Endearing syair of Epic Proportions" [partial tranls. with introduction and notes to Na Tian Piet's "Sha'er of the late Sultan Abu Bakar (of Johor)"]inThe Gombak Review, Vol. 4,N° 2 (International Islamic University Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, 1999, pp. 101–121.
- T. Wignesan.Sporadic Striving amid Echoed Voices, Mirrored Images and Stereotypic Posturing in Malaysian-Singaporean Literatures. Allahabad: Cyberwit.net, 2008, pp. 196–218.ISBN 978-81-8253-120-8
