"Spider crabs" redirects here. For spiders of the family Thomisidae, seecrab spider.
TheMajoidea are asuperfamily ofcrabs which includes the variousspider crabs.
Majoidea | |
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Macropodia rostrata (Inachidae) | |
Scientific classification![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Malacostraca |
Order: | Decapoda |
Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
Infraorder: | Brachyura |
Subsection: | Heterotremata |
Superfamily: | Majoidea Samouelle, 1819 |
Taxonomy
editIn "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" De Grave and colleagues divided Majoidea into six families.[1] The classification has since been revised, with subfamilies Epialtinae and Mithracinae being elevated to families and Hymenosomatidae being moved to its own superfamily. The family composition according to theWorld Register of Marine Species is as follows:[2]
- EpialtidaeMacLeay, 1838
- InachidaeMacLeay, 1838
- InachoididaeDana, 1851
- MacrocheiridaeDana, 1851
- MajidaeSamouelle, 1819 – "true" spider crabs
- MithracidaeBalss, 1929
- OregoniidaeGarth, 1958
- †PriscinachidaeBreton, 2009
Notable species within the superfamily include:
- Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira kaempferi), the largest living species of crab, found on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.
- Libinia emarginata, the portly spider crab, a species of crab found in estuarine habitats on the east coast of North America.
- Hyas, a genus of spider crabs, including thegreat spider crab (Hyas araneus), found in the Atlantic and the North Sea.
- Maja squinado, sometimes called the "European long leg crab or pie faced crab" because of the way its face is shaped.
- Australian majid spider crab, found off Tasmania, are known to pile up on each other, the faster-moving crabs clambering over the smaller, slower ones.[3]
There is one fossil family, Priscinachidae, represented by a single species,Priscinachus elongatus, from theCenomanian of France.[4]
References
edit- ^Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009)."A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans"(PDF).Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21:1–109. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2011-06-06.
- ^WoRMS."Majoidea Samouelle, 1819".World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved23 December 2022.
- ^Martha Holmes & Michael Gunton (2009).Life: Extraordinary Animals, Extreme Behaviour. London: BBC Books.ISBN 9781846076428.
- ^Gérard Breton (1 September 2009)."Description ofPriscinachus elongatus n. gen., n. sp., and Priscinachidae n. fam. for the earliest spider crab (Crustacea, Decapoda, Majoidea), from the French Cretaceous (Cenomanian)"(PDF).Geodiversitas (in French and English).31 (3):509–523.doi:10.5252/g2009n3a2.S2CID 85827715.
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