Movatterモバイル変換


[0]ホーム

URL:


Wikipedia

Military academy

(Redirected fromService academies)
For the film, seeMilitary Academy (film).

Amilitary academy orservice academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in theofficer corps. It normally provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned.

A graduation parade of theRoyal Military College, Duntroon
Armenian soldiers at theVazgen Sargsyan Military University in 2013

Three types of academy exist: pre-collegiate-level institutions awarding academic qualifications, university-level institutions awarding bachelor's-degree-level qualifications, and those preparingofficer cadets forcommissioning into thearmed services of the state.

Anaval academy is either a type of military academy (in the broadsense of that term) or is distinguished from one (in the narrow sense). In U.S.usage, the Military, Merchant Marine, Naval, Coast Guard, and the Air Force Academy serve as military academies under the categorization ofservice academies in that country.

Contents

History

edit

The first military academies were established in the 18th century to provide future officers for technically specialized corps, such asmilitary engineers andartillery, with scientific training.

TheItalian Military Academy was inaugurated inTurin on January 1, 1678, as the Savoy Royal Academy, making it the oldest military academy in existence.[1] TheRoyal Danish Naval Academy was set up in 1701.[2] TheRoyal Military Academy, Woolwich was set up in 1741, after a false start in 1720 because of a lack of funds,[3] as the earliest military academy in Britain. Its original purpose was to train cadets entering theRoyal Artillery andRoyal Engineers. In France, the École Royale du Génie atMézières was founded in 1748, followed by a non-technical academy in 1751, theÉcole Royale Militaire offering a general military education to the nobility. French military academies were widely copied inPrussia,Austria,Russia. TheNorwegian Military Academy in Oslo, educates officers of theNorwegian Army. The academy was established in 1750, and is the oldest institution for higher education in Norway.

By the turn of the century, under the impetus of theNapoleonic Wars and the strain that the armies of Europe subsequently came under, military academies for the training of commissioned officers of the army were set up in most of the combatant nations. These military schools had two functions: to provide instruction for serving officers in the functions of the efficient staff-officer, and to school youngsters before they gained an officer's commission.[4] TheKriegsakademie in Prussia was founded in 1801 and theÉcole spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr was created by order of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802 as a replacement for the École Royale Militaire of theAncien Régime (the institution that Napoleon himself had graduated from).

TheRoyal Military College, Sandhurst, in England was the brainchild ofJohn Le Marchant in 1801,[5] who established schools for the military instruction of officers atHigh Wycombe andGreat Marlow, with a grant of £30,000 fromParliament. The two original departments were later combined and moved to Sandhurst.

In the United States, theUnited States Military Academy (USMA) in West Point, New York was founded on March 16, 1802, and is one of fiveservice academies in the nation.

Types

edit

Pre-collegiate institutions

edit

A military school teaches children of various ages (elementary school, middle school or high school) in a military environment which includes training in military aspects, such as drill. Many military schools are also boarding schools, and others are simply magnet schools in a larger school system. Many are privately run institutions, though some are public and are run either by a public school system (such as theChicago Public Schools) or by a state.

Adult institutions

edit

A college-levelmilitary academy is an institute of higher learning of things military. It is part of a larger system ofmilitary education and training institutions. The primary educational goal at military academies is to provide a high quality education that includes significant coursework and training in the fields ofmilitary tactics andmilitary strategy. The amount of non-military coursework varies by both the institution and the country, and the amount of practical military experience gained varies as well.

Military academies may or may not grant university degrees. In the US, graduates have a major field of study, earning aBachelor's degree in that subject just as at other universities. However, in British academies, the graduate does not achieve a university degree, since the whole of the one-year course (undertaken mainly but not exclusively by university graduates) is dedicated to military training.

There are two types of military academies: national (government-run) and state/private-run.

  • Graduates from national academies are typically commissioned as officers in the country's military. The new officers usually have an obligation to serve for a certain number of years. In some countries (e.g. Britain) all military officers train at the appropriate academy, whereas in others (e.g. the United States) only a percentage do and the service academies are seen as institutions which supply service-specific officers within the forces (about 15 percent of US military officers).
  • State or private-run academy graduates have no requirement to join the military after graduation, although some schools have a high rate of graduate military service. Today, most of these schools have ventured away from their military roots and now enroll both military and civilian students. The only exception in the United States is theVirginia Military Institute which remains all-military.

Albania

edit

Angola

edit

Argentina

edit
 
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner addresses the 2010 graduating class of Argentina'sNational Military College.

Argentine Army:

Argentine Navy:

Argentine Air Force:

Armenia

edit

Australia

edit
 
TheAustralian Defence Force Academy is a tri-service military college established in 1986.

Austria

edit

Azerbaijan

edit

Bangladesh

edit
 
Colours Contingent of theBangladesh Military Academy, a training institute for officers of theBangladesh Army

Cadet colleges in Bangladesh

edit

Belarus

edit

Belgium

edit

Bolivia

edit

Brazil

edit

Basic Education

edit

(offers an education with military values for civilians students of primary and secondary school)

 
Colégio Militar do Rio de Janeiro

Brazilian Army:

Preparatory Schools

edit

(prepares students for admission to one of the official training academies)

 
Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras

Brazilian Army:[9]

Brazil's Navy:[10]

Brazilian Air Force:[11]

Sailor and Marine Soldier Training

edit
 
Escola de Aprendizes-Marinheiros de Santa Catarina

Brazil's Navy:

Sergeants Training

edit
 
Escola de Especialistas da Aeronáutica

Brazilian Army:

Brazil's Navy:

  • Centro de Instrução Almirante Alexandrino (CIAA)(Admiral Alexandrino Instruction Center)
  • Centro de Instrução Almirante Sylvio de Camargo (CIASC)(Admiral Sylvio de Camargo Instruction Center)

Brazilian Air Force:

Officers Training

edit
 
Escola Naval

Brazilian Army:

Brazil's navy:

Brazilian Air Force:

Bulgaria

edit

Canada

edit
 
Royal Military College of Canada band piper and bugler. Established in 1876, the College is Canada's only post-secondary military college with degree-granting powers.

Twopost-secondary military academies are operated under theCanadian Military Colleges system, theRoyal Military College of Canada (RMCC) inKingston, Ontario; andRoyal Military College Saint-Jean (RMC Saint-Jean) inSaint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. RMCC was established in 1876, while RMC Saint-Jean was established in 1954.[12] The two institutions provided military education to officer cadets of all three elements in theCanadian Forces; the navy, army and air force; with RMC granted the authority to confer academic degrees in arts, science and engineering by the 1960s.[13] From 1940 to 1995, the Department of National Defence operated a third military college inVictoria, British Columbia, known asRoyal Roads Military College (RRMC).[12]

Graduates of the colleges are widely acknowledged to have had a disproportionate impact in the Canadian services and society, thanks to the solid foundations provided by theirmilitary education.[14] Military discipline and training, as well as a focus onphysical fitness and fluency in both of Canada's two official languages, English and French, provided cadets with ample challenges and a very fulfilling experience.[15] In 1995 the Department of National Defence was forced to close RRMC and RMC Saint-Jean due to budget considerations, but RMCC continues to operate.[16] (In the fall of 1995, the campus reopened as a civilian institution,Royal Roads University.) In 2007, the Department of National Defence reopened RMC Saint-Jean as a military academy that offers equivalent schooling asCEGEP, a level of post-secondary education inQuebec's education system. In 2021 RMC Saint-Jean was returned to university status and had officer cadets graduate and received their commission for the first time since 1995.[17]

In addition to Canadian Military Colleges, theCanadian Armed Forces also operate a number of training centres and schools, including theCanadian Forces College, and theCanadian Forces Language School. The components of the Canadian Armed Forces also maintain training centres and schools. TheCanadian Army Doctrine and Training Centre (CADTC) is a formation in the Army that delivers combat, and doctrinal training. The CADTC includes several training establishments, such as theCanadian Manoeuvre Training Centre,Combat Training Centre,Command and Staff College, and thePeace Support Training Centre. The2 Canadian Air Division is the formation responsible for training in theRoyal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), and includes establishments like the Royal Canadian Air Force Academy,2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School, and3 Canadian Forces Flying Training School. The RCAF also maintains theCanadian Forces School of Survival and Aeromedical Training.

In addition to publicly operated institutions, Canada is also home to one private military boarding school,Robert Land Academy, inWest Lincoln, Ontario. Founded in 1978, it is an all-boys' institute that is fully accredited by Ontario'sMinistry of Education. The school offers elementary and secondary levels of education, providing schooling for students from Grade 6 to Grade 12.

Colombia

edit
 
The Honour Guard ofJosé María Córdova Military School. Cadets undergo undergraduate studies at the institution.

National Army of Colombia:

Colombian Air Force:

Colombian Naval Infantry andColombian Navy:

National Police of Colombia:

Czech Republic

edit

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

edit

Denmark

edit
 
Established in 1701, theRoyal Danish Naval Academy is the oldest-still-existing officers' academy in the world.

Egypt

edit

El Salvador

edit

Estonia

edit
 
TheBaltic Defence College is a multinational military college established by Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

Finland

edit
 
The Rakuunamäki Military Academy inLappeenranta,Finland

France

edit
 
Students ofPrytanée National Militaire having lunch, 1900. The institution is one of several military preparatory schools in France.

High schools

edit

Officer academies

edit
 
Cadets ofÉcole spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr during the 2008Bastille Day military parade. The military college was established in 1802 byNapoleon.

Postgraduate academies

edit
  • École d'état-major (Staff school): first step of higher military studies, for officer of OF-2 rank.
  • École de Guerre (War School): second step of higher military studies, mainly for ranks OF-2 and OF-3 who want to continue the command track (e.g. to command battalion or regiment).
  • Collège d'enseignement supérieur de l'armée de terre (Army Higher Education College): second step of military education, but for officers whishing to achieve a high-level specialization.
    • Cours supérieur d'état-major (Advanced Staff Course)
    • Enseignement militaire supérieur scientifique et technique (Higher Technical and Scientific Education).
  • Centre des hautes études militaire (Center for Advanced Military Studies): final step of military education, for very few selected OF-5. Its students also attend the civilianinstitut des hautes études de défense nationale.

Georgia

edit
  • National Defense Academy
  • Cadet Bachelor School
  • Junior Officer Basic School
  • Aviation Air Defense Officer Basic School
  • Medical Officer School
  • Captain Career School
  • Command and General Staff School
  • School of Advance Defense Studies
  • Language Training School

[19]

Germany

edit
 
The main complex of theNaval Academy Mürwik of theGerman Navy
 
Library ofBundeswehr University Munich, which provides post-secondary education to military personnel and civilians

The standard education in military leadership is the task of theOffizierschulen (officers' schools) run by the three branches. The contents differ from branch to branch. According to the doctrine "leading by task", in the army all prospective platoon leaders are trained down to the level of a commander of a mixed combat battalion. There they also have to pass an officer exam to become commissioned later on.

Moreover, there exist so calledWaffenschulen (schools of weapons) like infantry school or artillery school. There the officers learn to deal with the typical tasks of their respective corps.

A specialty of the German concept of officer formation is the academic education. Germany runs twoUniversities of the German Federal Armed Forces where almost every future officer has to pass non-military studies and achieve a bachelor's or master's degree. During their studies (after at least three years of service) the candidates become commissionedLeutnant (second lieutenant).

The three officer's schools are:

Academic andstaff education:

Greece

edit
 
Asloop of theHellenic Naval Academy sails past with a crew of naval cadet officers. The Academy is supervised by theHellenic Navy.

TheHellenic Armed Forces have military academies supervised by each branch of the Armed Forces individually:

Highest Military Academies (ΑΣΣ) or Higher Military Educational Institutions (ΑΣΕΙ):

Higher Military NCO Academies (ΑΣΣΥ):

  • TheHellenic Army supervises theMilitary Non-commissioned Officers' Academy (ΣΜΥ).
  • TheHellenic Air Force supervises theAir Force Non-commissioned Officers' Academy (ΣΜΥΑ).
  • TheHellenic Navy supervises theNaval Non-commissioned Officers' Academy (ΣΜΥΝ).

Despite their names (Greek:Σχολές Υπαξιωματικών,lit.'Sub-officers' Academies'), their alumni can advance to the rank ofAntisyntagmatarchis/Antipterachos/Antiploiarchos.

Hungary

edit

India

edit
 
Robin K. Dhowan,Chief of Naval Staff for India, reviews cadets during apassing out parade of theIndian Military Academy. The institution is a training academy of theIndian Army.

Indonesia

edit
 
Cadets of theIndonesian Military Academy in parade uniform during the Indonesian independence day ceremony. The institution is the military academy of theIndonesian Army.
 
Cadets from theIndonesian Naval Academy tour theUSS Fort Worth onCARAT Indonesia 2015. The Indonesian Naval Academy is part of theIndonesian Navy.
 
Cadets of theIndonesian Air Force Academy in formation before parading for the Air force anniversary ceremony. The Academy is operated by theIndonesian Air Force.

TheIndonesian Military Academy[20] was founded inYogyakarta, October 13, 1945, by the order of General Staff Chief of Indonesia Army Lieutenant GeneralUrip Sumohardjo as the Militaire Academie (MA)Yogyakarta.

Currently, the Tentara Nasional Indonesia or the TNI (Indonesian National Armed Forces), under the supervision of the Commanding General of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Academy System (a two or three-star officer in billet) in the HQ of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, has divided the academies into the three respective services:

Each service academy is headed by a two-star general who serves as superintendent, and his/her deputy is a one-star officer. All the students (cadets/midshipman) are recruited from senior high school graduates from all over Indonesia. Shortly after graduation, they are commissioned asLetnan Dua (Second Lieutenant/Ensign) in their respective service branches and receive a bachelor's degree comparable to those awarded by civil academies or universities. The length term is now 4 years and is divided into five grades of cadets' ranks, starting from the lowest:

  • Prajurit Taruna (Cadet Private), 1st year (4 months)
  • Kopral Taruna (Cadet Corporal), 1st year (8 months)
  • Sersan Taruna (Cadet Sergeant), 2nd year
  • Sersan Mayor Dua Taruna (Cadet Second Sergeant Major), 3rd year
  • Sersan Mayor Satu Taruna (Cadet First Sergeant Major), 4th year

Taruna is also a nickname to cadets in the Military, Naval, and Air Force Academies, however other nicknames such asKadet refers to cadets in the Naval Academy, whileKarbol refers to cadets in the Air Force Academy. The term "Taruna" however still applies to all cadets from the three academies.

Until 1999, before theIndonesian National Police officially separated from the armed forces, theIndonesian Police Academy ("AKPOL") also stood under the National Armed Forces Academy but now has separated from the Military and is under the auspices of the President of Indonesia controlled by the National Police Headquarters (Mabes Polri), where in the other hand the Armed Forces (Army, Naval, and Air Force) Academies of Indonesia is under the auspices of the Ministry of Defense controlled by the Armed Forces General Headquarters (Mabes TNI). Presently, the Police Academy is inSemarang (Central Java), and is supervised under the supervision of theChief of the Indonesian National Police (Kapolri).

All three academies and the Police Academy have a joint 4th class cadet training program since 2008, after completing it the cadets go to their respective academies to continue with the three remaining years of study before commissioning.

Iran

edit

Iran has five main military universities:

Israel

edit

Italy

edit
 
A cadet of Italy'sNunziatella military academy in 1787, the year the academy was established

High school level institutions (only for classical and scientific liceum, starting from grade 10):

2009–2010 school year was the first school year with girls attending.

Non Commissioned Officer (NCO) schools:

  • Army: Scuola sottufficiali dell'Esercito Italiano, Viterbo
  • Navy: Scuola sottufficiali della Marina Militare, Taranto and Law Maddalena
  • Air Force: Scuola marescialli dell'Aeronautica Militare, Viterbo
  • Carabinieri: Scuola marescialli e brigadieri dei carabinieri, Firenze
  • Guardia di Finanza: Scuola ispettori e sovrintendenti della Guardia di Finanza, L'Aquila

University level institutions:

Japan

edit
 
JMSDF Officer Candidate School, Etajima, Hiroshima

Universities

edit

Officer Candidate Schools

edit

Officer Colleges

edit

Kazakhstan

edit
 
Cadets of theMilitary Institute of the Kazakh Ground Forces march in the2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade.

Kyrgyzstan

edit

Malaysia

edit
 
Cadets ofNational Defence University of Malaysia on an exercise. The institution is a post-secondary school operated by theMalaysian Armed Forces.

Secondary level institutions:

University level:

Specialist training andstaff institutions:

  • Officers Cadet School in Port Dickson (OCS)
  • Malaysian Armed Forces Staff College[24] (Maktab Turus Angkatan Tentera)
  • Armed Forces Health Training Institute[25] (Institut Latihan Kesihatan Angkatan Tentera)
  • Malaysian Peacekeeping Training Centre[26] (Pusat Latihan Pengaman Malaysia)

Reserve Officer Training Units (Malay:Pasukan Latihan Pegawai Simpanan orPALAPES) or ROTU exists only in public universities in Malaysia. This is a tertiary institution based officer commissioning program to equip students as officer cadets with military knowledge and understanding for service ascommissioned officers in the reserve components of the various branches of theMalaysian Armed Forces.

Mexico

edit
 
A cadet of Mexico'sHeroic Military Academy with agolden eagle, the institution's mascot

Moldova

edit

Mongolia

edit

Myanmar

edit

Namibia

edit

Nepal

edit

Netherlands

edit
 
Cadets in a classroom of the Netherlands'Royal Naval Institute. The academy is a part ofNederlandse Defensie Academie.

New Zealand

edit

Tier One – initial officer training

Tier Two – junior officer education

Tier Three – senior officer education

Nigeria

edit
 
Cadets in a lab of Nigeria'sAir Force Military School, a boys-only military high school

High school training

edit

Undergraduate officer training

edit

Postgraduate officer training

edit

Norway

edit
 
Buildings of theNorwegian Naval Academy, an undergraduate institution intended to instruct officers of theRoyal Norwegian Navy

Undergraduate officer training

edit

Postgraduate training

edit

Pakistan

edit
 
A passing out parade atPakistan Military Academy

Paraguay

edit

People's Republic of China

edit
 
Main gate of thePLA National Defence University, anational university administered by thePeople's Liberation Army.

Peru

edit

Undergraduate officer training

Philippines

edit
 
Graduating cadets ofPhilippine Military Academy at a homecoming
 
TheNational Defense College of the Philippines is a graduate-level military college established in 1963.

The Philippines patterned all its service academies after theUnited States Military Academy (West Point) and theUnited States Merchant Marine Academy (King's Point).

These higher education institutions are operated by thePhilippine Government and grant different baccalaureate degrees.

  • Philippine Military Academy (Akademiyang Militar ng Pilipinas),City of Baguio – It is the primary training school of the Armed Forces of the Philippines for would be regular commissioned officers of thePhilippine Army,Philippine Navy,Philippine Marine Corps and thePhilippine Air Force. It is under the control of theDepartment of National Defense. Its former name was the Philippine Constabulary Academy. During the American colonial rule era, U.S. Army cavalry officers established the school for the professionalization of the enlisted personnel of the defunctPhilippine Constabulary. It was renamed the Philippine Military Academy before the 1930s. In 1992, PMA stopped providing graduates to the Philippine Constabulary after the passage of Republic Act 6975 which resulted in the merger of the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police. The merged institutions was named the Philippine National Police. Beginning in 1993, PMA became a co-educational school.
  • Philippine Merchant Marine Academy,Zambales – It is a school for students who shall serve in different private shipping companies, foreign or local. Its graduates may serve in thePhilippine Coast Guard and thePhilippine Navy as an ensign after graduation depending upon their choice. All PMMA graduates are also automatically appointed by the president of the Philippines as ensigns (2nd lieutenants) in the Philippine Navy Reserve. This is the oldest of the Philippine service academies having been established in 1820 during the long period of Spanish colonial rule in the country, and was first situated in Manila for many years.

Aside from the PMA and the PMMA, all three branches of the AFP have their own Officer Candidate Course Programs for both men and women, patterned after their US counterparts.

The nation's higher military colleges are:

Poland

edit
 
Cadets of thePolish Naval Academy aboard the ORPIskra, 1937

Portugal

edit
 
Students ofColégio Militar on parade. The school is one of two pre-university institutions in Portugal.

Pre-university level institution

edit

Undergraduate officer training

edit
 
TheBemposta Palace of thePortuguese Military Academy, an undergraduate-level institution

Postgraduate and staff training

edit
  • Instituto Universitário Militar, Lisbon – joint command and staff college

Republic of China (Taiwan)

edit

Republic of Ireland

edit

Republic of Korea

edit
 
Cadets of theKorean Military Academy during a visit toUnited Nations Command

The three main military academies:

Other military academies:

Romania

edit

Russia

edit

See also:Cadet Corps (Russia),Military academies in Russia

First stage of training

edit
  • TheCadet Corps is an admissions-based military middle school for young boys that was founded in theRussian Empire in 1732, soon becoming widespread throughout the country.
  • Kronstadt S.C.C.
  • Moscow Representative Sea Cadet Corps of the Navigation and Mathematics School
  • Moscow Sea Cadet Corps Heroes of Sevastopol

Secondary education

edit
 
A cadet ofMoscow Suvorov Military School, the first of severalSuvorov Military Schools established throughout Russia
  • Suvorov Military Schools are a type of boarding school in modern Russia for boys aged 14–18. Education in such these schools focuses on military related subjects.

Post-secondary education

edit
 
The Engineers Castle of Russia'sMilitary Engineering-Technical University, with a monument toPeter the Great in the foreground
 
Established in 1832, theMilitary Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia is a post-graduate military academy.

Staff college

edit

Serbia

edit
 
Cadets fencing at theSerbian Military Academy

Singapore

edit
 
TheOfficer Cadet School within theSAFTI Military Institute as seen from the northwest.

Slovakia

edit

Somalia

edit
  • Camp TURKSOM trains both officers and NCOs, offers a two-year course for officers and a one-year course for NCOs.

South Africa

edit

Spain

edit

Sri Lanka

edit

University

edit

Officer training

edit

Staff training

edit

Sweden

edit

Undergraduate officer training

edit
 
Karlberg Palace, home of Sweden'sMilitary Academy Karlberg. Established in 1792, it is the oldest military academy in the world to remain in its original location.

Postgraduate training

edit

Tanzania

edit

Thailand

edit

Turkey

edit
 
Cadets of theTurkish Military Academy at 2016Sandhurst Competition atWest Point

Turkmenistan

edit
 
Cadets of theBerdimuhamed Annayev 1st Specialized Military School

Uganda

edit

Uganda maintains the followings military training institutions, as of December 2010:[27]

Ukraine

edit

Staff colleges

edit

Service academies

edit

Military service academies operated by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine

edit

Other military service academies

edit

Reserve Officers' Training Corps (Military educational units of higher education institutions of Ukraine)

edit

A number of public and military universities have specialized military institutes, military colleges, faculties, departments of military training, divisions of military training, departments ofdisaster medicine andmilitary medicine. The purpose of suchinstitutions is themilitary training ofstudents andcadets under thereserve officer training program, and some of them conduct training, retraining and advanced training of military specialists of the appropriate levels of higher education (bachelor ormaster) for military service in theArmed Forces of Ukraine, others formed in accordance with the laws Ukrainian military formations (Defence Forces of Ukraine), as well as law enforcement agencies for special purposes (Security Forces of Ukraine) and theState Transport Special Service of Ukraine.[5][6]

Military colleges of non-commissioned officers (Military Sergeant Colleges of Ukraine)

edit
  • NCO School of the Hetman Petro Sahaydachnyi National Ground Force Academy, Lviv
  • NCO School of the Ivan Kozhedub National Air Force University, Kharkiv'
  • Department of Military Training of the Professional College of Maritime Transport of the National University "Odesa Maritime Academy", Odesa
  • Department of Training of Medical Assistants for the Armed Forces of Ukraine of the D. K. Zabolotny Vinnytsia Medical College,Vinnytsia
  • Military Sergeant College of theKamyanets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University,Kamyanets-Podilsky
  • Military Sergeant College of the Military Institute of Telecommunication and Information Technologies named after the Heroes of Kruty, Kyiv
  • Military Sergeant College of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv'

Military High Schools (Military Lyceum)

edit

Cadets corp (Lyceum with enhanced military and physical training)

edit

A number of public state and regionallyceum (high school) with enhanced military and physical training (boarding schools) such ofcadet corps in other countries.

United Kingdom

edit

Pre-University level institution

edit
  • Duke of York's Royal Military School – Military based secondary school in Dover, Kent; students are influenced to join the forces after education, but have no commitment to do so.

There are also numerous Cadet forces that operate for all branches of the armed forces for children aged 10–20. These are not designed to recruit people into the armed forces but rather are simplyMinistry of Defence sponsored youth organisations.

Undergraduate service

edit

Although an undergraduate degree is not a prerequisite for officer training, the majority of potential officers will have attended university before joining the Armed Forces. At some universities there may be the option for people to join either aUniversity Royal Naval Unit, aUniversity Officer Training Corps (UOTC) or aUniversity Air Squadron, which are designed to introduce students to life in the Forces and show them the careers that are available as well as allowing them to undertake reserve training alongside their degree.[39] People sponsored under theDefence Technical Undergraduate Scheme will join one of the four Support Units attached to universities participating in DTUS. There is a requirement for bursars of DTUS to join the military for three years after completion of their degree, there no requirement for students of any other organisation to join the military after they finish their degree programs. Although service with these organisations may give some initial benefit to officer cadets attending the military colleges/academies, the next stage of the officer training programs assumes no prior military experience/knowledge, and those that did not partake in military activities at university are not disadvantaged.

Officer training

edit
 
The Passing Out Parade atRoyal Military Academy Sandhurst, one of four military academies in the United Kingdom.

There are now four military academies in the United Kingdom. Although the curriculum at each varies due to the differing nature of the service a man or woman is joining, it is a combination of military and academic study that is designed to turn young civilians into comprehensively trained military officers.

Officer Training for the Reserve Forces (e.g.Army Reserve,Royal Naval Reserve,RAF Reserves andRoyal Marines Reserves) also takes place at the relevant military academies, but under a different curriculum and the courses tend to be concentrated into a much shorter period – a significant amount of the study will be undertaken at the officer cadet's reserve unit.

Postgraduate and staff training

edit
 
The firstRAF staff College course at Andover, 1922. The staff college operated from 1922 to 1970.

United States

edit

Introduction

edit

In the United States, the term "military academy" does not necessarily mean a government-owned institution run by the armed forces to train its own officers. It may also mean a middle school, high school, or college, whether public or private, which instructs its students in military-style education, discipline and tradition. Students at such civilian institutions can earn a commission in the U.S. military through the successful completion of aReserve Officer Training Corps program along with their college or university's academic coursework.

Moststate-level military academies maintain both a civilian student body and a traditionalcorps of cadets. The only exception is theVirginia Military Institute, which remains all-military.[40]

Federal service academies

edit
 
Cadets of theUnited States Military Academy (USMA) navigate the horizontal ladder and vertical rope obstacle of the Indoor Obstacle Course Test. USMA is one of five federal service academies.

The colleges operated by the U.S. Federal Government, referred to asfederal service academies, are:

Post-graduate school

edit

Senior and junior military colleges

edit
 
AlthoughTexas A&M University has transformed into a state university, it still maintains acorps of cadets along with a civilian student body.
 
Cadets ofMarion Military Institute after the Alumni Weekend parade. The Institute is one of four junior military colleges in the United States.

There is one all-military state-sponsored military academy:

In addition, these five institutions that were military colleges at the time of their founding now maintain both a corps of cadets and a civilian student body. Many of these institutions also offer on-line degree programs:

Along with VMI, these institutions are known as thesenior military colleges of the US.

Today four institutions are consideredmilitary junior colleges (MJC). These four military schools participate in the Army's two-yearEarly Commissioning Program, an ArmyROTC program where qualified students can earn a commission as aSecond Lieutenant after only two years of college. The four military Junior colleges are as follows:

Merchant Marine Academies that have military academy-style operations

edit
 
Cadets of theGreat Lakes Maritime Academy learning how to row a boat. The institution is one of six military-styled maritime academies in the United States.

There are six state-operated Merchant Marine academies:

These merchant marine academies operate on a military college system. Part of the training that the cadets receive is naval and military in nature. Cadets may apply for Naval Reserve commissions upon obtaining their Merchant Marine Officer's licenses. Most if not all also offer some form of military commissioning program into the active duty US Navy, US Marine Corps, or US Coast Guard.

Staff colleges

edit

The United Statesstaff colleges, mandated to serve the needs of officers for post-graduate studies and other such graduate institutions as mandated by the Department of Defense are:

United States Air Force Air University attached staff colleges

edit

Staff colleges of the United States Army

edit
 
A classroom at theSchool of Advanced Military Studies, one of four staff colleges of theUnited States Army

Staff colleges of the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps

edit

Joint Service staff colleges

edit
 
TheNational War College, a school of theNational Defense University, is a multi-service staff college in the United States.

Other post-graduate colleges operated by the DoD

edit

Uzbekistan

edit
 
TheTashkent Higher Tank Command School during the soviet period

Vietnam

edit

Zimbabwe

edit
  • Zimbabwe National Defence University

See also

edit

Further reading

edit
  • Cadet, Linton Hall,Linton Hall Military School Memories: One cadet's memoir, Scrounge Press, 2014.ISBN 9781495931963 Memoir of cadet who attended a military school for boys ages 6 to 16.

External links

edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related toMilitary academies.

References

edit
  1. ^"Military Academy History and traditions".www.esercito.difesa.it.Archived from the original on August 22, 2021. RetrievedAugust 22, 2021.
  2. ^"Royal Danish Naval Academy".Royal Danish Defence College (in Danish). Archived fromthe original on October 2, 2019. RetrievedJanuary 7, 2016.
  3. ^"Woolwich History". Archived fromthe original on August 6, 2013.
  4. ^Richard A Harmon."Perspectives in the History of Military Education and Professionalism"(PDF).Archived(PDF) from the original on May 4, 2015. RetrievedNovember 3, 2013.
  5. ^abMajor-General John Gaspard Le Marchant (1766–1812)Archived March 23, 2012, at theWayback Machine Defence Academy
  6. ^ab"AFMC". Archived fromthe original on July 10, 2012. RetrievedAugust 2, 2012.
  7. ^"Ejército de Bolivia".www.ejercito.mil.bo.Archived from the original on November 5, 2008. RetrievedAugust 13, 2009.
  8. ^"Conheça os 14 Colégios Militares - Colégios Militares".Ingresso (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived fromthe original on April 16, 2021. RetrievedMarch 14, 2021.
  9. ^"Concursos - Como Ingressar no Exército".www.concursosmilitares.com.br. Archived fromthe original on April 23, 2021. RetrievedMarch 14, 2021.
  10. ^"Concursos - Como Ingressar na Marinha".www.concursosmilitares.com.br. Archived fromthe original on April 24, 2021. RetrievedMarch 14, 2021.
  11. ^"Concursos - Como Ingressar na Aeronáutica".www.concursosmilitares.com.br. Archived fromthe original on April 23, 2021. RetrievedMarch 14, 2021.
  12. ^abH16511 Richard Arthur Preston "To Serve Canada: A History of the Royal Military College of Canada" 1997 Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1969.
  13. ^4237 Adrian Preston & Peter Dennis (Edited) "Swords and Covenants" Rowman And Littlefield, London. Croom Helm. 1976.
  14. ^H16511 Richard Preston "R.M.C. and Kingston: The effect of imperial and military influences on a Canadian community" 1968
  15. ^H1877 R. Guy C. Smith (editor) "As You Were! Ex-Cadets Remember". In 2 Volumes. Volume I: 1876–1918. Volume II: 1919–1984. Royal Military College. [Kingston]. The R.M.C. Club of Canada. 1984
  16. ^"To Serve Canada: A History of the Royal Military College since the Second World War", Ottawa, University of Ottawa Press, 1991.
  17. ^"First Bachelor degrees granted at Royal Military College Saint-Jean since 1995".Mirage News. May 14, 2021. RetrievedOctober 16, 2021.
  18. ^DCOM."Choix de 4A des promotions précédentes – Orientation 4A".portail.polytechnique.edu.Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. RetrievedDecember 9, 2016.
  19. ^"საქართველოს თავდაცვის სამინისტრო".eta.mod.gov.ge. Archived fromthe original on December 10, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 19, 2012.
  20. ^"Akademi Militer | Center Of Excellence".Archived from the original on May 8, 2007. RetrievedApril 20, 2007.
  21. ^"اسم هاي مخفف در نيروهاي مسلح".www.parsine.com (in Persian). Archived fromthe original on September 8, 2016. RetrievedSeptember 11, 2016.
  22. ^"Portal Rasmi Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia".www.upnm.edu.my.Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. RetrievedMay 3, 2007.
  23. ^http://maf.mod.gov.my/eng/training_institute/institute02.htm[permanent dead link]
  24. ^"Malaysian Armed Forces Staff College (Haigate)". Archived fromthe original on April 18, 2007. RetrievedMay 3, 2007.
  25. ^"Laman Utama -::INSAN::-". Archived fromthe original on May 3, 2007. RetrievedMay 3, 2007.
  26. ^"Malaysian Peacekeeping Training Centre". Archived fromthe original on May 26, 2007. RetrievedMay 3, 2007.
  27. ^List of Uganda Military SchoolsArchived February 24, 2015, at theWayback Machine
  28. ^"1000 TFG Somali soldiers passed out at Bihanga military training". January 25, 2021.Archived from the original on December 17, 2010. RetrievedDecember 15, 2010.
  29. ^"Kalama Warfare Training School Opened in 2005 at Kabamba". Archived fromthe original on December 4, 2020.
  30. ^"Museveni shakes up top army command". January 24, 2021.Archived from the original on February 4, 2010. RetrievedFebruary 2, 2010.
  31. ^Kalama Warfare Training School at KabambaArchived November 2, 2014, at theWayback Machine
  32. ^Oliver Tambo Leadership School at Kaweweta, Nakaseke DistrictArchived September 29, 2011, at theWayback Machine
  33. ^South Africa Donates Equipment to Oliver Tambo SchoolArchived November 2, 2012, at theWayback Machine
  34. ^"About Uganda Airforce Academy". Archived fromthe original on December 4, 2020.
  35. ^The NUST at LugaziArchived November 2, 2012, at theWayback Machine
  36. ^About Uganda Urban Warfare Training SchoolArchived February 24, 2015, at theWayback Machine
  37. ^(in Ukrainian)Official website of National Defense University of UkraineArchived December 26, 2013, at theWayback Machine
  38. ^"History of Academy". Army Academy named after hetman Petro Sahaydachyi. Archived fromthe original on November 3, 2013. RetrievedJuly 3, 2013.
  39. ^"University Officers' Training Corps | The British Army".www.army.mod.uk. RetrievedFebruary 11, 2025.
  40. ^Standberry, Lee (May 9, 2012)."Top 10 Military Colleges in America".TopTenz.net. Archived fromthe original on June 24, 2016. RetrievedAugust 8, 2016.Unlike other military colleges (the federal service academies), all of VMI's students are members of the Corps of Cadets. This tradition of not offering civilian programs is in keeping with VMI efforts to offer students 'a Spartan, physically and academically demanding environment combined with strict military discipline.'

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp