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Secretary (title)

(Redirected fromSecretary General)
This article is about secretaries as leaders in organizations. For the common meaning as an office support worker, which can also be a title, seeSecretary. For the most senior official in an Australian governmental department, seeDepartment secretary.
For other uses, seeSecretary (disambiguation).

Secretary is a title often used in organizations to indicate a person having a certain amount ofauthority,power, or importance in the organization. Secretaries announce important events and communicate to the organization. The term is derived from the Latin wordsecernere, "to distinguish" or "to set apart", the passive participle (secretum) meaning "having been set apart", with the eventual connotation of something private or confidential, as with the English wordsecret. Asecretarius was a person, therefore, overseeing business confidentially, usually for a powerful individual (a king, pope, etc.).

The official title of theleader of mostcommunist andsocialist political parties is the "General Secretary of the Central Committee" or "First Secretary of the Central Committee". When a communist party is in power, thegeneral secretary is usually the country'sde facto leader (though sometimes this leader also holds state-level positions to monopolize power, such as apresidency orpremiership in order to constitutede jure leadership of the state), such asChina,North Korea,Vietnam,Laos andCuba.[1]

In England, the termsecretarius was used "from the beginning of the thirteenth century in the varying meanings of a confidential clerk, an ambassador, or a member of the king's council".[2] In the fourteenth century, the title became strongly associated with the keeper of the king'ssignet.[2] From theRenaissance to the late 19th century, men involved in the daily correspondence and the activities of the powerful assumed the title of secretary. With time, like many titles, the term was applied to more and varied functions, leading to compound titles to specify the authority associated with its use, like general secretary orfinancial secretary.

In some countries, such as the United States, the termsecretary is used to indicate the holder of acabinet-level post. There are a number of popular variations of the title used to indicate that the secretary in question has a high degree of authority, such asgeneral secretary (or, following usage in theNorman language,secretary-general),first secretary, andexecutive secretary. A female holding such an office is often addressed informally as "madam secretary".

In aclub orsociety, the secretary is also considered to be, in most cases, the third person in charge of the organization, after the president/chairman and vice president/vice chairman.[3] In smaller organizations, the secretary typically takesmeeting minutes, notifies members of meetings, contacts various persons in relation to the society, administers the day-to-day activities of the organization, and creates the order of business. The secretary of anon-governmental organization orinternational non-governmental organization can combine the function with that of vice president/vice chairman.[3]

General secretary

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General secretary occurs as the title of aministerial position of authority found in various organizations, such astrade unions,communist andsocialist parties, andinternational non-governmental organizations. Examples include:

Communist Party

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General secretary orfirst secretary is the official title of leaders of mostCommunist political parties. When a Communist party is the ruling party in a Communist-ledone-party state, the general secretary is typically the country'sde facto leader. Examples include:

Dravidian Party

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General secretary is the official title of leaders of mostDravidian political parties, that are politically influential inTamil Nadu of SouthernIndia. Examples include:

Secretary-general

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Examples include:

International intergovernmental organizations

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OrganizationTitle
African Planning Society (APS)Secretary-General of the African Planning Society
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)Secretary-General of ASEAN
Caribbean Community (CARICOM)Secretary-General of the Caribbean Community
Commonwealth of NationsTheCommonwealth Secretary-General is the de facto leader. The secretary-general advises member nations and heads conferences with theHead of the Commonwealth, currently KingCharles III.
Council of Europe (COE)Secretary General of the Council of Europe
Council of the European UnionSecretary-General of the Council of the European Union
European CommissionSecretary-General of the European Commission
European Court of AuditorsSecretary-General of the European Court of Auditors
European Economic and Social CommitteeSecretary-General of the European Economic and Social Committee
INTERPORTPOLICESecretary General of the INTERPORTPOLICE[4]
League of Nations (1919–1946)Secretary General of the League of Nations
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)TheSecretary General of NATO is the chief administrative officer of NATO.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)Secretary-General of the OECD
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)Secretary General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Organization of American States (OAS)Secretary General of the Organization of American States
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)Secretary General of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Pacific Islands ForumSecretary General of the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat
Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)Secretary General of the UNASUR
United Nations (UN)TheSecretary-General of the United Nations is described as thechief administrative officer and thede facto head of the United Nations. The Office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations hires, terminates, and controls allUnited Nations staff and relief efforts around the World.
Western European Union (WEU)Secretary-General of the Western European Union

First secretary

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First secretary is the title of the chief officer or leader in many organizations, and is also a moderndiplomatic rank. Examples include:

Executive secretary

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Examples include:

Secretary-treasurer

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Within some organizations, the role of secretary is combined with that oftreasurer, under the title of secretary-treasurer.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Xi's here to stay: China leader tipped to outstay term".Yahoo! News. August 9, 2016."A lot of analysts now see it as a given" that Xi will seek to stayPartyGeneral Secretary, thecountry's most powerfulpost, said Christopher K. Johnson, a former CIA analyst and now China specialist at the Washington-based Center for Strategic and International Studies.
  2. ^abJ. Otway-Ruthven,The King's Secretary and the Signet Office in the XV Century (1939), p. 60.
  3. ^abRobert's Rules of Order Newly Revised, 4th edition, Scott, Foresman and Company, Chicago, 1915, pp. 244–247.
  4. ^"Interportpolice". Archived fromthe original on March 16, 2018. RetrievedMarch 16, 2018.
  5. ^"The Role of the Board of Directors | Ag Decision Maker".Iowa State University Extension and Outreach. Iowa State University. RetrievedFebruary 14, 2025.

 
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