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Samuel Rajzman

Samuel Rajzman (1902–1979) was a PolishHolocaust survivor. After the war he emigrated to France and then to Canada. He was one of the two Polish witnesses at theNuremberg Trials. He was also a witness at theTreblinka trials and during the process ofFiodor Fedorenko.

Biography

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Rajzman was born into a Jewish family and lived with his wife and children inWęgrów, where he was an accountant and translator.[1] After the German invasion of Poland, together with his family he was resettled and imprisoned in theWarsaw Ghetto.[2]

 
Burning perimeter of Treblinka camp during the prisoner uprising of 2 August 1943 in which Rajzman took part. A clandestine photograph taken by eyewitnessFranciszek Ząbecki.

In September 1942 he was transferred to theTreblinka extermination camp.[1] He was saved from immediate execution that befell most of those from his transport group by an acquaintance,Marceli Galewski and moved to work in theSonderkommando; he was also enlisted in the resistance organization.[1] The resistance organization eventually succeeded in organizing theTreblinka uprising on 2 August 1943. Rajzman was one of the few survivors from that incident; familiar with the nearby area,he was sheltered, together with another escapee, by local farmer Edward Gołoś, a pre-war acquaintance of Rajzman, and survived the war. Gołoś was later recognized as one of thePolish Righteous Among the Nations.[1][3][4][5][6]

After the war (which his family did not survive) he moved to France, and later to Canada, where he remarried.[1][4]

On 27 February 1946, Rajzman testified about his experiences in Treblinka at theNuremberg Trials as one of the three Jews and two Polishwitnesses during the proceedings (the other Polish witness beingSeweryna Szmaglewska).[4][7][8] He was also a witness in both of theTreblinka trials (the first was the 1964–1965 trial of members of the German crew of Treblinka, and at second one, in 1969–1970, the trial of the commandant,Franz Stangl).[1] In 1978 his testimony also contributed to the stripping ofFiodor Fedorenko’s American citizenship[1] (Fedorenko was a Ukrainian guard at Treblinka; he was eventually deported toUSSR and executed there).[1][9]

Rajzman died in Montreal in 1979.[1]

References

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  1. ^abcdefghi"Rajzman Samuel – Muzeum Treblinka".Muzeum Treblinka. Retrieved1 September 2023.
  2. ^Rajzman, Samuel (1945)."Uprising in Treblinka". American House Committee on Foreign Affairs (courtesy of holocaust-history.org). Archived fromthe original on 3 June 2013.
  3. ^Grabowski, Jan; Engelking, Barbara (6 September 2022).Night without End: The Fate of Jews in German-Occupied Poland. Indiana University Press.ISBN 978-0-253-06288-8.
  4. ^abcFinder, Gabriel N.; Prusin, Alexander V. (1 January 2018).Justice Behind the Iron Curtain: Nazis on Trial in Communist Poland. University of Toronto Press. pp. 76–79.ISBN 978-1-4875-2268-1.
  5. ^"SAMUEL RAJZMAN".The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names at Yad Vashem.
  6. ^"Gołoś Edward".The Righteous Among the Nations Database at Yad Vashem.
  7. ^Hirsch, Francine (2021)."Nuremberg at 75: Revisiting the International Military Tribunal and Its Lessons".Irish Studies in International Affairs.32 (1):171–181.doi:10.1353/isia.2021.0051.ISSN 2009-0072.
  8. ^Sands, Philippe (2017)."East West Street: Personal Stories about Life and Law".Washington University Global Studies Law Review.16 (3).ISSN 1546-6981.The Tribunal has just heard evidence from a lone survivor of the killings at Treblinka, (...). Samuel Rajzman explains that he was present on the platform for the arrival and despatch of Sigmund Freud's three elderly sisters.
  9. ^"Fedorenko Deported to the USSR".Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 20 March 2015. Retrieved1 September 2023.

Further reading

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External links

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  • Rajzman, Samuel (1945),Uprising in Treblinka, American House Committee on Foreign Affairs (courtesy of holocaust-history.org), archived fromthe original on 3 June 2013
  • Search results for Samuel Rajzman at Yad Vashem, including "Testimony of Samuel Reizman regarding his experiences in the Warsaw Ghetto and Treblinka" and "Testimony of Samuel Rajzman, born in Wegrow, Poland, 1902, regarding his experiences in Treblinka and Wegrow"
  • Shmuel Rajzman -A Giant Of Treblinka

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