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Sahonachelys

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Extinct genus of pelomedusoid turtle

Sahonachelys Temporal range:Late Cretaceous, ~70–65.8 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Maastrichtian

Life Restoration
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Suborder:	Pleurodira
Family:	†Sahonachelyidae
Genus:	†Sahonachelys Joyceet al,, 2021
Type species
†Sahonachelys mailakavava Joyceet al., 2021

Sahonachelys is an extinct genus ofpelomedusoid turtle from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)Maevarano Formation ofMadagascar. The genus contains a single species,Sahonachelys mailakavava.

Discovery and naming

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Theholotype specimen,(UA) 10581 was originally discovered in June 2015 within a layer of theMaastrichtian agedMaevarano Formation within the Mahajanga Basin, north-westernMadagascar, while removing overburden less than one meter above a layer rich inarchosaur fossils. The holotype consists of a partial and well preserved skeleton consisting of theskull, a partialhyoid, ashell, and remains of thelimbs,shoulder girdles andvertebrae.^[1]

Thetaxon would later be erected as a newgenus in 2021. The name Sahonachelys is a combination of theMalagasy words "sahona" meaning frog, and the Greek word "chelys" meaning turtle; the specific name is made up of Malagasy "mailaka" meaning quick and "vava" meaning mouth; the fullbinomial name translates to "quick-mouthed frog turtle".^[1]

Description

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Sahonachelys is agenus of smallpelomedusoid turtle, that existed in what is nowMadagascar during theMaastrichtian epoch approximately 72.1 to 66 million years ago. It had a flattenedskull and particularly small and gracilejaw giving its head an almost frog like appearance in life.^[2] Considering howSahonachelys possess enlargedhyoids, no teeth and both surfaces of the upper and lower that face toward each other are poorly developed, suggests thatSahonachelys was specialized for anaquatic,suction feeding lifestyle.Sahonachelys likely feed oninsect larvae, smallfish andtadpoles.

This specialized feedingadaptation has not been documented within any other crown pelomedusoid illustrating the uniqueness of the Madagascanfauna during theCretaceous, and ways theyevolved within isolation from the rest of theplanet during this time.^[1]

Classification

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Aphylogenetic analysis conducted by Joyceet al. found it to be asister taxon ofSokatra antitra based on the presence of a reduced contribution of themaxilla to the floor of theorbit, and, the presence of distinctposterior process of themaxilla. Because of thisSokatra andSahonachelys represent the onlytaxa within theclade Sahonachelyidae. The same analysis also concluded that Sahonachelyidae is sister to the clade formed byPodocnemididae andBothremydidae.^[1]

	Sokatra

	Sahonachelys

	Sankuchemys

	Jainemys

Kinkonychelys

Cearachelyini

	Taphrosphyini

	Bothremydini

References

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^^a ^b ^c ^dJoyce, W. G.; Rollot, Y.; Evers, S. W.; Lyson, T. R.; Rahantarisoa, L. J.; Krause, D. W. (2021)."A new pelomedusoid turtle,Sahonachelys mailakavava, from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar provides evidence for convergent evolution of specialized suction feeding among pleurodires".Royal Society Open Science.8 (5) 210098.Bibcode:2021RSOS....810098J.doi:10.1098/rsos.210098.PMC 8097199.PMID 34035950.
^"A new pelomedusoid turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar discovered".news. Madagascar. 2021. Archived fromthe original on 2021-05-18.

Testudines

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Reptilia
Clade:Diapsida
Order:Testudines

Genus

Chelonioidea
(Sea turtles)

Cheloniidae	†Allopleuron Caretta †Carolinochelys Chelonia †Eochelone Eretmochelys †Gigantatypus †Glarichelys †Itilochelys Lepidochelys †Mexichelys †Miocaretta Natator †Pacifichelys †Syllomus †Tasbacka
Dermochelyidae	†Arabemys †Corsochelys †Cosmochelys Dermochelys †Eosphargis †Mesodermochelys †Psephophorus
	†Euclastes †Peritresius †Procolpochelys †Protosphargis †Puppigerus

Kinosternoidea

Dermatemydidae	Dermatemys
Kinosternidae	Claudius †Hoplochelys Kinosternon Staurotypus Sternotherus

Testudinoidea

Emydidae	†Acherontemys Chrysemys Clemmys Deirochelys Emys Actinemys Emydoidea Glyptemys Graptemys Malaclemys Pseudemys Terrapene Trachemys †Wilburemys
Geoemydidae	Batagur †Banhxeochelys Cuora Cyclemys Geoclemys Geoemyda Hardella Heosemys Leucocephalon Malayemys Mauremys Melanochelys Morenia Notochelys Orlitia Pangshura Rhinoclemmys Sacalia Siebenrockiella Vijayachelys
Platysternidae	Platysternon
Testudinidae	Aldabrachelys Astrochelys Centrochelys Chelonoidis Chersina Cylindraspis †Cymatholcus †Floridemys Geochelone Gopherus †Hadrianus †Hesperotestudo Homopus Indotestudo Kinixys Malacochersus Manouria †Megalochelys †Oligopherus Psammobates Pyxis †Solitudo Stigmochelys †Stylemys Testudo

Trionychia

Carettochelyidae	†Allaeochelys †Anosteira Carettochelys
Trionychidae	Amyda Apalone †Axestemys Chitra Cyclanorbis Cycloderma †Drazinderetes Dogania †Gilmoremys †Hutchemys †Khunnuchelys Lissemys Nilssonia Palea †Palaeoamyda Pelochelys Pelodiscus Rafetus Trionyx
	†Basilochelys †Sinaspideretes

Chelydridae	Chelydra †Chelydrops †Chelydropsis †Emarginachelys †Macrocephalochelys Macrochelys †Planiplastron †Protochelydra
†Nanhsiungchelyidae	†Anomalochelys †Basilemys †Jiangxichelys
†Protostegidae	†Alienochelys †Archelon †Atlantochelys †Bouliachelys †Calcarichelys †Cratochelone †Desmatochelys †Iserosaurus †Notochelone †Ocepechelon †Pneumatoarthrus †Protostega †Rhinochelys †Santanachelys †Terlinguachelys
	†Adocus †Argillochelys †Bashuchelys †Ctenochelys †Prionochelys †Toxochelys

Pleurodira

†Araripemydidae	†Araripemys
†Bothremydidae	†Araiochelys †Arenila †Azabbaremys †Bothremys †Cearachelys †Chedighaii †Chupacabrachelys †Eotaphrosphys †Foxemys †Galianemys †Ilatardia †Inaechelys †Itapecuruemys †Jainemys †Kinkonychelys †Kurmademys †Labrostochelys †Nigeremys †Phosphatochelys †Polysternon †Puentemys †Rosasia †Rhothonemys †Sankuchemys †Taphrosphys †Ummulisani †Zolhafah
Chelidae	Acanthochelys Chelodina Chelus Elseya Elusor Emydura Hydromedusa †Lomalatachelys Mesoclemmys Myuchelys Phrynops Platemys †Prochelidella Pseudemydura Rheodytes Rhinemys †Yaminuechelys
Pelomedusidae	Pelomedusa Pelusios
Podocnemididae	†Albertwoodemys †Bauruemys †Brontochelys †Caninemys †Carbonemys †Cerrejonemys †Cordichelys Erymnochelys †Lapparentemys †Latentemys Peltocephalus Podocnemis †Stupendemys
†Sahonachelyidae	†Sahonachelys †Sokatra

	†Caribemys †Caririemys †Tacuarembemys

Phylogenetic arrangement of turtles based onTurtles of the World 2017 Update: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. † = extinct.

See alsoList of Testudines families

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