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Red Deer, Alberta

For other uses, seeRed Deer (disambiguation).

Red Deer is a city inAlberta, Canada, located midway on theCalgary–Edmonton Corridor. Red Deer servescentral Alberta,[10] and its key industries include health care, retail trade, construction, oil and gas, hospitality, manufacturing and education.[11] It is surrounded byRed Deer County and borders onLacombe County. The city is inaspen parkland, a region of rolling hills, alongside theRed Deer River.

Red Deer
City
City of Red Deer
Coat of arms of Red Deer
Coat of arms
Official logo of Red Deer
Logo
Motto(s): 
Education, Industry and Progress
City boundaries
City boundaries
Red Deer is located in Alberta
Red Deer
Red Deer
Location in Alberta
Show map of Alberta
Red Deer is located in Canada
Red Deer
Red Deer
Location in Canada
Show map of Canada
Red Deer is located in Red Deer County
Red Deer
Red Deer
Location in Red Deer County
Show map of Red Deer County
Coordinates:52°16′05″N113°48′40″W / 52.26806°N 113.81111°W /52.26806; -113.81111
CountryCanada
ProvinceAlberta
Planning regionRed Deer
Municipal districtRed Deer County
Founded1882
 •VillageMay 31, 1894
 •TownJune 11-12, 1901
 •CityMarch 25, 1913
Named afterRed Deer River
Government
 • MayorKen Johnston
 • Governing body
  • Kraymer Barnstable
  • Bruce Buruma
  • Michael Dawe
  • Victor Doerksen
  • Vesna Higham
  • Cindy Jeffries
  • Lawrence Lee
  • Dianne Wyntjes
 • City ManagerTara Lodewyk
 • MPsBurton Bailey (CPC)
 • MLAsJason Stephan (UCP),
Adriana LaGrange (UCP)
Area
 (2021)[3]
 • Land104.34 km2 (40.29 sq mi)
 • Urban
65.93 km2 (25.46 sq mi)
 • Metro
104.34 km2 (40.29 sq mi)
Elevation855 m (2,805 ft)
Population
 (2021)[7][8]
 • City
100,844
 • Density966.5/km2 (2,503/sq mi)
 • Urban
99,846
 • Urban density1,514.4/km2 (3,922/sq mi)
 • Metro
100,844
 • Metro density966.5/km2 (2,503/sq mi)
 • Municipal census (2019)
101,002[5]
 • Estimate (2020)
106,736[6]
DemonymRed Deerian[9]
Time zoneUTC−7 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
Forward sortation areas
Area code(s)403,587, 825, 368
Highways2,2A,11,11A,595
WaterwaysRed Deer River,Waskasoo Creek,Piper Creek
Websitereddeer.ca

History

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The area was inhabited byFirst Nations including theBlackfoot, PlainsCree andStoney before the arrival of Europeanfur traders in the late eighteenth century.[12] A First Nations trail ran from theMontana Territory across theBow River near present-dayCalgary and on toFort Edmonton, later known as theCalgary and Edmonton Trail. The trail crossed the Red Deer River at a wide, stony shallows. The "Old Red Deer Crossing" is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) upstream from the present-day city.

Cree people called the riverWaskasoo Seepee, which means "Elk River." European arrivals sometimes called North American elk "red deer," after the relatedEurasian species, and later named the community after the river. The name for the modern city inPlains Cree is acalque of the English name (mihkwâpisimosos, literally "red type of deer"), while the name of the river itself is stillwâwâskêsiw-sîpiy or "elk river."

 
Elk deer in Jasper National Park near Maligne Canyon.

First Nations on the north side of the river entered intoTreaty 6 in 1876 and on the south sideTreaty 7 in 1877. Farmers and ranchers began to settle on the fertile lands.

Atrading post andstopping house were built at the Crossing in 1882. This becameFort Normandeau during the 1885North-West Rebellion.

Leonard Gaetz

Leonard Gaetz gave a half-share of 1,240 acres (5.0 km2) he had acquired to theCalgary and Edmonton Railway to develop a bridge over the river and a townsite. As a result, the Crossing was gradually abandoned. The first trains arrived in 1891.

1900 to 1929

FollowingWorld War I, Red Deer emerged as a small, quiet, but prosperous, prairie city.

Bird watcherElsie Cassels helped to establish the Gaetz Lakes bird sanctuary.[13]

1930 to 1945

DuringGreat Depression of the 1930s, Central Alberta was not hit by severe drought. The city was virtually debt-free and profited from its ownership of the local public utilities.

InWorld War II, a large army training camp was located whereCormack Armoury, the Memorial Centre and Lindsay Thurber High School are now. Twotraining airfields were built south of the city atPenhold andBowden.

Post–Second World War

Red Deer expanded rapidly followingthe discovery of major oil reserves in Alberta in the late 1940s. Red Deer became a centre for oil and gas and related industries, such as theJoffre Cogeneration Plant.

North Red Deer was amalgamated in 1948.

Government and administrative services include a hospital, a courthouse and a provincial building.[14][15][16]

The railway moved to the outskirts andpassenger train service ceased. TheCPR bridge is now a walking trail.

Red Deer is Alberta's third largest city, with a slightly higher population thanLethbridge.

Geography

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Climate

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Red Deer has ahumid continental climate (KöppenDfb), with something of asemi-arid influence due to the city's location withinPalliser's Triangle. The highest temperature ever recorded in Red Deer was 37.2 °C (99 °F) on 8 July 1906,[17] 2 July 1924,[18] and 28 & 29 June 1937.[19] The lowest recorded temperature was −50.6 °C (−59 °F) on 17 December 1924.[20] The city lies in the 4aplant hardiness zone.[21] Summers are typically warm and rainy with cool nights. Winters are typically long, cold, and very dry.

Climate data for Red Deer (Red Deer Regional Airport)
WMO ID: 71878; coordinates52°10′43″N113°53′35″W / 52.17861°N 113.89306°W /52.17861; -113.89306 (Empress); elevation: 904.6 m (2,968 ft); 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1904−present
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record highhumidex10.517.324.828.237.035.040.437.134.227.822.514.840.4
Record high °C (°F)10.9
(51.6)		18.1
(64.6)		24.8
(76.6)		32.8
(91.0)		34.5
(94.1)		37.2
(99.0)		37.2
(99.0)		36.3
(97.3)		35.0
(95.0)		28.9
(84.0)		22.8
(73.0)		17.2
(63.0)		37.2
(99.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)−5.6
(21.9)		−3.5
(25.7)		1.3
(34.3)		10.1
(50.2)		16.8
(62.2)		20.0
(68.0)		22.9
(73.2)		22.4
(72.3)		17.8
(64.0)		10.4
(50.7)		1.1
(34.0)		−4.4
(24.1)		9.1
(48.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)−11.6
(11.1)		−9.8
(14.4)		−4.6
(23.7)		3.6
(38.5)		9.7
(49.5)		13.7
(56.7)		16.2
(61.2)		15.2
(59.4)		10.4
(50.7)		3.5
(38.3)		−4.7
(23.5)		−10.3
(13.5)		2.6
(36.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−17.6
(0.3)		−16.1
(3.0)		−10.5
(13.1)		−3.0
(26.6)		2.7
(36.9)		7.4
(45.3)		9.4
(48.9)		7.9
(46.2)		3.0
(37.4)		−3.4
(25.9)		−10.5
(13.1)		−16.2
(2.8)		−3.9
(25.0)
Record low °C (°F)−46.1
(−51.0)		−43.9
(−47.0)		−42.8
(−45.0)		−32.8
(−27.0)		−15.6
(3.9)		−5.0
(23.0)		0.2
(32.4)		−5.1
(22.8)		−11.7
(10.9)		−28.8
(−19.8)		−38.4
(−37.1)		−50.6
(−59.1)		−50.6
(−59.1)
Record lowwind chill−60.1−54.4−49.8−39.3−20.9−7.30.0−5.3−13.5−37.9−48.6−57.4−60.1
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)16.3
(0.64)		11.9
(0.47)		19.3
(0.76)		28.1
(1.11)		58.4
(2.30)		97.7
(3.85)		90.0
(3.54)		70.1
(2.76)		38.3
(1.51)		21.6
(0.85)		16.8
(0.66)		14.1
(0.56)		482.6
(19.00)
Average rainfall mm (inches)0.4
(0.02)		0.2
(0.01)		0.6
(0.02)		12.7
(0.50)		49.2
(1.94)		97.2
(3.83)		90.0
(3.54)		70.4
(2.77)		36.7
(1.44)		12.3
(0.48)		1.2
(0.05)		0.7
(0.03)		371.5
(14.63)
Average snowfall cm (inches)20.2
(8.0)		15.1
(5.9)		23.3
(9.2)		18.1
(7.1)		9.5
(3.7)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.4
(0.2)		2.4
(0.9)		10.2
(4.0)		20.0
(7.9)		18.8
(7.4)		137.8
(54.3)
Average precipitation days(≥ 0.2 mm)10.07.28.99.111.715.113.611.59.58.47.77.9120.6
Average rainy days(≥ 0.2 mm)0.50.20.95.110.814.813.611.59.35.61.10.473.9
Average snowy days(≥ 0.2 cm)10.07.18.55.62.30.10.00.10.64.27.38.654.4
Averagerelative humidity (%)(at 1500LST)65.762.558.445.441.750.652.249.047.350.064.066.554.4
Source:Environment and Climate Change Canada[22] (June maximum)[19] (July maximum, 1906 and 1924)[17][18] (December minimum)[20][23]

Neighbourhoods

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Red Deer includes the following neighbourhoods:[24]

  • Anders Park
  • Anders Park East
  • Anders South
  • Aspen Ridge
  • Bower
  • Bower Ponds Recreation Area
  • Central Park
  • Chiles Industrial Park
  • Clearview Extension
  • Clearview Meadows
  • Clearview Ridge
  • College Park
  • Davenport
  • Deer Park Estates
  • Deer Park Village
  • Devonshire
  • Downtown
  • East Burnt Lake
  • Eastview
  • Eastview Estates
  • Edgar Industrial Park
  • Evergreen
  • Fairview
  • Gaetz Lakes Sanctuary
  • Garden Heights
  • Glendale
  • Glendale Park Estates
  • Golden West
  • Grandview
  • Heritage Ranch
  • Highland Green
  • Highland Green Estates
  • Inglewood
  • Ironstone
  • Johnstone Crossing
  • Johnstone Park
  • Kentwood East
  • Kentwood West
  • Kingsgate
  • Lancaster Green
  • Lancaster Meadows
  • Laredo
  • Lonsdale
  • Maskepetoon Park
  • McKenzie Trail Recreation Area
  • Michener Hill
  • Morrisroe
  • Morrisroe Extension
  • Mountview
  • Normandeau
  • Northlands Industrial Park
  • Oriole Park
  • Oriole Park West
  • Parkvale
  • Pines
  • Queens Business Park
  • Red Deer College
  • Red Deer Golf and Country Club
  • Riverlands
  • Riverside Heavy Industrial Park
  • Riverside Light Industrial Park
  • Riverside Meadows
  • Rosedale Estates
  • Rosedale Meadows
  • South Hill
  • Southbrook
  • Southpointe Junction
  • Sunnybrook
  • Sunnybrook Extension
  • Three Mile Bend Recreation Area
  • Timber Ridge
  • Timberlands
  • Timberstone
  • Vanier Woods
  • Vanier Woods East
  • Waskasoo
  • Waste Management Facility
  • West Burnt Lake
  • West Park
  • West QE2
  • Westerner Park
  • Westlake
  • Woodlea

Demographics

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Federal census
population history
YearPop.±%
1901323—    
19061,418+339.0%
19112,118+49.4%
19162,203+4.0%
19212,328+5.7%
19262,021−13.2%
19312,344+16.0%
19362,384+1.7%
19412,924+22.7%
19464,042+38.2%
19517,575+87.4%
195612,338+62.9%
196119,612+59.0%
196626,171+33.4%
197127,674+5.7%
197632,184+16.3%
198146,393+44.1%
198654,425+17.3%
199158,145+6.8%
199660,075+3.3%
200167,707+12.7%
200682,772+22.3%
201190,564+9.4%
2016100,418+10.9%
2021100,844+0.4%
Source:Statistics Canada[25]

In the2021 Census of Population conducted byStatistics Canada, the City of Red Deer had a population of 100,844 living in 40,512 of its 43,404 total private dwellings, a change of0.4% from its 2016 population of 100,418. With a land area of 104.34 km2 (40.29 sq mi), it had a population density of966.5/km2 (2,503.2/sq mi) in 2021.[3]

The Red Deercensus agglomeration (CA) was promoted to acensus metropolitan area (CMA) in the 2021 Census, becoming the fourth CMA in Alberta (joining Calgary, Edmonton andLethbridge).[26] As of 2021, the Red Deer CMA is coincident with the City of Red Deer, thus it similarly had a population of100,844 living in40,512 of its43,404 total private dwellings, a change of0.4% from its 2016 population (when the CA was also coincident with the city) of100,418. With a land area of 104.34 km2 (40.29 sq mi), it had a population density of966.5/km2 (2,503.2/sq mi) in 2021.[8]

The population of the City of Red Deer according to its2019 municipal census is 101,002,[5] a change of1.2% from its2016 municipal census population of 99,832.[27]

In the2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the City of Red Deer (and coincident Red Deer CA) had a population of 100,418 living in 39,982 of its 42,285 total private dwellings, a change of10.9% from its 2011 population of 90,564. With a land area of 104.73 km2 (40.44 sq mi), it had a population density of958.8/km2 (2,483.4/sq mi) in 2016.[28]

Ethnicity

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According to the 2016 census, 15.2% of the general population identified as visible minority (non-aboriginal), an increase of 55.9% over the previous five years.[29] A separate 7.1% reported North American Aboriginal Origins (4.2% First Nations and 3.1%Métis).[30]

Panethnic groups in the City of Red Deer (2001–2021)
Panethnic
group		2021[31]2016[32]2011[33]2006[34]2001[35]
Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
European[a]73,06074.52%78,06579.27%75,51085.1%71,95588.43%60,34590.66%
Southeast Asian[b]8,9709.15%6,8907%2,9353.31%1,5901.95%1,2451.87%
Indigenous6,4656.59%5,1855.27%4,5905.17%3,6004.42%2,6754.02%
East Asian[c]1,6451.68%1,8001.83%1,4751.66%1,0901.34%7151.07%
South Asian2,2202.26%1,6651.69%1,0901.23%6300.77%4800.72%
Middle Eastern[d]1,1301.15%9150.93%4850.55%2100.26%2700.41%
Latin American1,7251.76%1,7651.79%1,1851.34%1,4101.73%4800.72%
African1,9401.98%1,7351.76%9901.12%6800.84%2800.42%
Other[e]8950.91%4550.46%4850.55%1950.24%800.12%
Total responses98,04597.22%98,48098.07%88,73597.98%81,37098.31%66,56598.31%
Total population100,844100%100,418100%90,564100%82,772100%67,707100%
  • Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses.

Arts and culture

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Red Deer hosts many arts and cultural groups, including: Central Alberta Theatre, Ignition Theatre, Red Deer Players Society, Bull Skit Comedy troupe, Central Music Festival, theRed Deer Symphony Orchestra, the Red Deer Museum + Art Gallery, theRed Deer Royals and other performing arts and fine arts organizations. The Red Deer Arts Council[36] is a member-based Multi-disciplinary Arts Service Organization and registered charity that serves the local and area community of visual, literary and performing artists.

Attractions

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Alberta Sports Hall of Fame
The Alberta Sports Hall of Fame is adjacent to the Queen Elizabeth II Highway (Highway 2) and the Greater Red Deer Visitor Centre.
Canyon Ski Area
The Canyon Ski Resort is 7.5 km (4.7 mi) east of Red Deer.
Peavey Mart Centrium
The Centrium hosts sports events, concerts, trade shows and conventions. It is the home of theWHL'sRed Deer Rebels.
YMCA Northside Community Centre
The YMCA Northside Community Centre offers summer day camps, facility rentals, group fitness classes with childminding, and children and youth sports, arts and education programming. The facility also features a gymnasium, fitness studio, teaching kitchen, youth drop-in space, and multi-purpose spaces for children’s programs and special event rentals.[37]
Collicutt Centre
The Collicutt Centre is a 23,000 m2 (250,000 sq ft) recreation centre that includes a leisure pool, water park, climbing and bouldering walls, field house, ice arena, gymnastics, meeting and dance rooms, a walking / running track, and carpet turf facilities. It also has child care facilities and several small businesses.[38]
G.H. Dawe Community Centre
The 12,000 m2 (130,000 sq ft) G.H. Dawe Community Centre is shared by G.H. Dawe Community School, the G.H. Dawe Branch of the Red Deer Public Library, G.H. Dawe Centre Recreation Facility and St. Patrick's School.[39]
Greater Red Deer Visitor Centre
The Greater Red Deer Visitor Centre is adjacent to the Queen Elizabeth II Highway (Highway 2) and the Alberta Sports Hall of Fame.[40]
Recreation Centre
The Recreation Centre, located downtown, has indoor and outdoor pools, steam rooms and hot tubs among other features.[41]
Red Deer Museum + Art Gallery
The Red Deer Museum has a permanent exhibit detailing the history of the region, and temporary exhibits that change every few months. It is also the venue of multiple educational programs for both adults and children.[42]
Waskasoo Park
Waskasoo Park meanders through Red Deer from its outskirts in the southwest, through the heart of the city, to its outskirts in the northeast along the Red Deer River. It includes over 80 kilometres (50 miles) of multi-use trails for biking, rollerblading, horseback riding, snowshoeing, cross-country skiing and walking. The park is one of the reasons Red Deer is known as "Park City."[43]
Westerner Exposition Grounds
The Westerner Exposition Grounds hosts events such as Agricon and Westerner Days. Held in early July, Westerner Days includes a rodeo, pony chuck-wagon racing, a fair, exhibitions and other events.[44]

Sports

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TheRed Deer Rebels of theWestern Hockey League play at thePeavey Mart Centrium. Red Deer hosted the2022 Hlinka Gretzky Cup and co-hosted the2018 Hlinka Gretzky Cup.[45] The Rebels hosted the2016 Memorial Cup. Red Deer replaced Edmonton as host of theCanadian Finals Rodeo from 2018 to 2023.[46][47]

Red Deer hosted the2019 Canada Winter Games, leaving the Gary W. Harris Canada Games Centre[48] atRed Deer Polytechnic and the DowntownServus Arena as legacy facilities.

The city is the hometown to numerousOlympic andNHL athletes.Hockey Night in Canada personalityRon MacLean calls Red Deer home.

Transportation

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TheQueen Elizabeth II Highway links the North-SouthCalgary-Edmonton Corridor, includingWetaskiwin andCamrose, with Red Deer.

TheDavid Thompson Highway linksRocky Mountain House in the West Country withStettler in East-Central Alberta.

Red Deer Regional Airport, inPenhold, serves mostly general aviation and is expanding to encourage passenger service.[49][50]

Red Deer Transit provides local bus service throughout the city.

Infrastructure

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Health care

TheRed Deer Regional Hospital is undergoing a significant expansion.

Water

Red Deer receives its drinking water supply from the Red Deer River which is treated and distributed throughout the city.[51] One distinct feature of the water distribution system is the Horton Water Spheroid which, at the time of its construction in 1957, was the world's largest spheroid shaped reservoir.[52]

Water from the Red Deer water treatment plant is distributed to neighbouring communities including Red Deer County, Lacombe, Blackfalds and Ponoka as managed by the North Red Deer Regional Water Services Commission.[53][54]

Education

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Post-secondary

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Red Deer Polytechnic (RDP), formerly Red Deer College, was founded in 1964 as Red Deer Junior College. RDP offers certificates, diplomas, advanced certificates, applied degrees, bachelor's degrees, academic upgrading and apprenticeship in over 75 different career and academic programs, including the creative and liberal arts, engineering, and trades.

Secondary

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Three school authorities operate in Red Deer.

Founded in 1887, theRed Deer Public School District[55] serves 10,000 students in thirty schools. Offering a wide range of programming, including French Immersion from K-12, the district hosts international students from around the world. They operate Lindsay Thurber Comprehensive High School and Hunting Hills High School.

Founded in 1909, when the Daughters of Wisdom, a religious order from France, accepted the challenge of the Tinchebray Fathers, also from France, to offer Catholic schooling in Red Deer,Red Deer Catholic Regional Schools (RDCRS)[56] welcomes over 10,000 students in six Central Alberta communities, including Red Deer.[57] They operate École Secondaire Notre Dame High School and St. Joseph's High School.

Greater North Central Francophone Education Region No. 2's school École La Prairie is a French school near downtown Red Deer that offers pre-kindergarten through grade 9 programs. It offers all courses in French to a population of 119 students[58] whose first language is French.

Public schools
Elementary
  • Annie L. Gaetz Elementary (K–5)
  • Aspen Heights Elementary (K–5)
  • Barrie Wilson Elementary School (K–5)
  • Don Campbell Elementary (K-5)
  • Fairview Elementary (K–5)
  • G.W. Smith Elementary (K–5)
  • Gateway Christian School (K–5)
  • G.H. Dawe Community School (K–8)
  • Glendale School (PreK–8)
  • Grandview Elementary (K–5)
  • Joseph Welsh Elementary (K–5)
  • Mattie McCullough Elementary (K–5)
  • Mountview Elementary (K–5)
  • Normandeau School (K–8)
  • Oriole Park Elementary (K–5)
  • Pines School (K–5)
  • West Park Elementary (K–5)
Middle school
  • Central Middle School (6–8)
  • Eastview Middle School (6–8)
  • G.H. Dawe Community School (K–8)
  • Gateway Christian School (6–8)
  • Glendale School (PreK–8)
  • Normandeau School (K–8)
  • West Park Middle School (6–8)
Secondary/high school
  • École Secondaire Lindsay Thurber Comprehensive High School (9–12)
  • Gateway Christian School (9–12)
  • Hunting Hills High School (9–12)
  • North Cottage High School (10–12)
Catholic schools
Elementary
  • École Camille J. Lerouge School (K–9)
  • École Mother Teresa School (K–5)
  • École Our Lady of the Rosary School (PreK–2)
  • Father Henri Voisin School (K–5)
  • Holy Family School (K–5)
  • Maryview School (PreK–5)
  • St. Elizabeth Seton School (K–5)
  • St. Marguerite Bourgeoys School (PreK–5)
  • St. Martin de Porres School (K–5)
  • St. Patrick's Community School (K–9)
  • St. Teresa of Avila School (PreK-5)
Middle school
  • École Camille J. Lerouge School (K–9)
  • St. Francis of Assisi Middle School (6–9)
  • St Lorenzo Ruiz Middle School (6–9)
  • St. Patrick's Community School (K–9)
  • St. Thomas Aquinas Middle School (6–9)
Secondary/high school
  • École Secondaire Notre Dame High School (10–12)
  • St. Joseph's High School (10–12)
Private schools
  • Destiny Christian School Society (ECS, K–9)
  • Koinonia Christian School – Red Deer (ECS, K–12)
  • Parkland School Special Education (1–12)
  • South Side Christian School (ECS, K–12)

Media

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The local news outlets are theRed Deer Advocate andrdnewsNOW. TheCity of Red Deer also releases regular updates.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. ^Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ^Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ^Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ^Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority,n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
  1. ^"Location and History Profile: City of Red Deer"(PDF).Alberta Municipal Affairs. June 17, 2016. p. 99. RetrievedJune 18, 2016.
  2. ^"Municipal Officials Search".Alberta Municipal Affairs. May 9, 2019. RetrievedOctober 1, 2021.
  3. ^ab"Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities)".Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. RetrievedFebruary 9, 2022.
  4. ^"Alberta Private Sewage Systems 2009 Standard of Practice Handbook: Appendix A.3 Alberta Design Data (A.3.A. Alberta Climate Design Data by Town)"(PDF) (PDF). Safety Codes Council. January 2012. pp. 212–215 (PDF pages 226–229). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on October 16, 2013. RetrievedOctober 9, 2013.
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  6. ^"Census Subdivision (Municipal) Population Estimates, July 1, 2016 to 2020, Alberta".Alberta Municipal Affairs. March 23, 2021. RetrievedOctober 7, 2021.
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  8. ^ab"Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations".Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. RetrievedFebruary 13, 2022.
  9. ^"Red Deerian Comes Out on Top". City of Red Deer. 2009-07-08. Archived fromthe original on 2012-07-18. Retrieved2011-06-07.
  10. ^"Red Deer boasts an immediate trade area of over 312,700 people...""Why Red Deer," City of Red Deer. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
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  12. ^"History of Red Deer". City of Red Deer. Archived fromthe original on December 4, 2013. RetrievedNovember 15, 2013.
  13. ^Fish, fur & feathers: fish and wildlife conservation in Alberta 1905–2005. Federation of Alberta Naturalists., Fish and Wildlife Historical Society. Edmonton: Fish and Wildlife Historical Society. 2005.ISBN 0-9696134-7-4.OCLC 62181407.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  14. ^"Red Deer Regional Hospital Expansion". Government of Alberta. RetrievedMay 6, 2022.
  15. ^"Red Deer Justice Centre". Government of Alberta. RetrievedMay 6, 2022.
  16. ^"Maintenance Upgrades Continue at Red Deer Provincial Government Building," Red Deer News Now, May 5, 2020, Accessed May 7, 2022.
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  18. ^ab"July 1924".Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2024-10-01. Retrieved2024-12-02.
  19. ^ab"June 1937".Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2024-10-01. Retrieved2024-12-02.
  20. ^ab"December 1924".Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2024-10-01. Retrieved2024-12-02.
  21. ^"Plant Hardiness Zone by Municipality".Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. RetrievedOctober 19, 2019.
  22. ^"Red Deer".Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2030.Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2024-10-01. Retrieved2024-12-02.
  23. ^"Red Deer (1904–1974)".Canadian Climate Data. Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2024-10-01. Retrieved2024-12-02.
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  27. ^2016 Municipal Affairs Population List(PDF).Alberta Municipal Affairs.ISBN 978-1-4601-3127-5. RetrievedJanuary 28, 2017.
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  29. ^Red Deer – % visible minority, Government of Alberta, May 7, 2022
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  36. ^Hermary, Suzanne."Coordinator".Red Deer Arts Council. Retrieved31 March 2021.
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  42. ^"Red Deer Museum and Art Gallery".Red Deer Museum + Art Gallery. Retrieved2023-10-16.
  43. ^"Waskasoo | Kerry Wood Nature Center | Fort Normandeau".www.waskasoopark.ca. Retrieved2023-10-16.
  44. ^"Westerner Park".
  45. ^ Red Deer also co-hosted the COVID-interrupted2022 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, later completed in Edmonton, and the1995 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
  46. ^"It's official: Red Deer will host the CFR for 10 years".CBC News. Retrieved2018-06-01.
  47. ^"The Canadian Finals Rodeo is returning to Edmonton in 2024".Rogers Place eNews. Edmonton Arena Corp. 25 October 2023. Retrieved14 September 2024.
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  49. ^CBC, Bryan Labby, "Alberta's smaller airports look to take off with expanded passenger service," November 12, 2019, Accessed May 7, 2022.
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  52. ^Mountview Heritage Sites Gallery."Horton Water Spheroid". RetrievedJuly 30, 2015.
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  55. ^Red Deer Public School District
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Further reading

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External links

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Wikivoyage has a travel guide forRed Deer.
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