Qiu Zhu (Chinese:仇珠;Wade–Giles:Ch'iu Chu;fl. 1565–1585), commonly known asMiss Qiu and by herart nameDuling Neishi (Chinese:杜陵内史), was a Chinese painter during theMing dynasty, noted for paintings with figures (rather than landscapes), including several depictions of the goddessGuanyin.[1]
Qiu Zhu | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 White Robed Guanyin, collection of theNational Palace Museum, Taipei | |||||||||||
| Born | first half of the 16th century | ||||||||||
| Died | after 1585 | ||||||||||
| Nationality | Chinese | ||||||||||
| Education | Qiu Ying | ||||||||||
| Known for | Painting, illustration | ||||||||||
| Movement | Wu School | ||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Chinese | 仇珠 | ||||||||||
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Life
editQiu Zhu was born inTaicang County,Suzhou Prefecture,[2] the daughter ofQiu Ying (1494? – 1552), one of theFour Masters of the Ming dynasty. Little is known about her life, and it is assumed that she learned to paint from her father.[2] She was possibly married toYou Qiu (尤求), an artist influenced by her father and generally believed to be his son-in-law,[3] although this has been questioned by some scholars.[4] In his later life Qiu Ying lived at the estate of his patron, collectorXiang Yuanbian, and she might have also lived there. She maintained a close relationship with the Xiang family after her father's death, and at least one of her extant works bears the seal of a Xiang family member.[5]
Work
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Qiu Zhu was active as an artist from around 1565 to 1585.[5] She was commissioned to produce paintings for birthday gifts, or to complementcalligraphy.[2] She was also commissioned to create illustrations forWang Chong's calligraphy of the narrative poemNymph of the Luo River. This suggests her work was well received, as Wang was held in high esteem.[1]
A later Ming dynasty scholar considered Qiu Zhu to be a "Li Gonglin among women".Li Gonglin was a highly regarded artist in his time.[6] Qiu Zhu is noted for her use of firm brushstrokes and delicate drawing.[3]
Qiu Zhu's most famous subject isGuanyin, thebodhisattva of compassion especially appealing to women,[2] and her paintings of the goddess have been described as "mysteriously transcendent". The 24 portraits of Guanyin are presented in an album alternating them with short text passages. They are in gold ink on black paper, and were inspired by an album of woodblock prints byDing Yunpeng (1547–1628) that had been based on a hand scroll by Li Gonglin.[7] Her acclaimed painting,White Robed Guanyin, is in the collection of theNational Palace Museum inTaipei.[2] She also painted other religious figures, such as her fan painting ofA Daoist Female Immortal, possiblyChang E.[8]
Her non-religious subjects are primarily women at leisure: playingxiangqi under plum blossoms, playing aguqin underwutong trees, sitting at a writing desk, or playing with a parrot. She also painted women celebrating theDouble Seven Festival which is a festival honoring theWeaver Maid, the patron spirit of women's work.[2]
Qiu Zhu was considered a highly refined painter, and is seen to have influencedWen Shu.[1]
Paintings
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References
edit- ^abcdLaing, Ellen Johnston (1988)."Wives, Daughters, and Lovers: Three Ming Dynasty Women Painters". In Weidner, Marsha (ed.).Views from Jade Terrace : Chinese women artists, 1300–1912. Indianapolis Museum of Art. pp. 34–35.ISBN 0847810038.
- ^abcdefgLee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (2015).Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Volume II: Tang Through Ming 618 – 1644. Routledge. pp. 321–2.ISBN 978-1-317-51562-3.
- ^abc"Four Great Masters of the Ming Dynasty: Qiu Ling". National Palace Museum Taiwan. 4 October 2014. Retrieved16 September 2019.
- ^Zhu Wanzhang 朱万章 (24 October 2016)."明清时期仇英作品的鉴藏与影响".Artron. Retrieved17 September 2019.
- ^abc"Guanyin and a falling child".Johnson Museum of Art. Cornell University. Retrieved16 September 2019.
- ^Weidner, Marsha (1988)."Women in the History of Chinese Painting". In Weidner, Marsha (ed.).Views from Jade Terrace : Chinese women artists, 1300–1912. Indianapolis Museum of Art. pp. 13–31.ISBN 0847810038.
- ^Weidner, Marsha (1988)."catalogue". In Weidner, Marsha (ed.).Views from Jade Terrace : Chinese women artists, 1300–1912. Indianapolis Museum of Art. pp. 70–72.ISBN 0847810038.
- ^"A Daoist Female Immortal, possibly Chang E". Portland Museum. Retrieved17 September 2019.
- ^"Qiu Zhu (16th century)".Christies. Retrieved16 September 2019.
External links
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Media related toQiu Zhu at Wikimedia Commons
