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The Internet Portal  TheInternet (orinternet) is theglobal system of interconnectedcomputer networks that uses theInternet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is anetwork of networks that comprisesprivate, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by electronic,wireless, andoptical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range ofinformation services and resources, such as the interlinkedhypertext documents andapplications of theWorld Wide Web (WWW),electronic mail,discussion groups,internet telephony,streaming media andfile sharing. Mosttraditional communication media, includingtelephone,radio,television,paper mail,newspapers, andprint publishing, have been transformed by the Internet, giving rise tonew media such asemail,online music,digital newspapers,news aggregators, andaudio andvideo streaming websites. The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interaction throughinstant messaging,Internet forums, andsocial networking services.Online shopping has also grown to occupy a significant market across industries, enabling firms to extendbrick and mortar presences to serve larger markets.Business-to-business andfinancial services on the Internet affectsupply chains across entire industries. (Full article...) Selected article Modern phishing campaigns increasingly targetmulti-factor authentication (MFA) systems, not just passwords. Attackers use spoofed login pages and real-time relay tools to capture both credentials and one-time passcodes. In some cases, phishing kits are designed to bypass two-factor authentication by immediately forwarding stolen credentials to the attacker's server, enabling instant access. A 2024 blog post by Microsoft Entra highlighted the rise ofadversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) phishing attacks, which intercept session tokens and allow attackers to authenticate as the victim. The term "phishing" was first recorded in 1995 in thecracking toolkitAOHell, but may have been used earlier in the hacker magazine2600. It is a variation offishing and refers to the use of lures to "fish" for sensitive information. (Full article...) Selected picture
In studying and/or promotingweb-technology, the phraseWeb 2.0 can refer to a perceived secondgeneration of web-based communities andhosted services — such associal-networking sites,wikis, andfolksonomies — which aim to facilitatecreativity, collaboration, and sharing between users. The term gained currency following the firstO'Reilly Media Web 2.0 conference in2004. Ininternet security,cross-site (XS)leaks are a class of attacks used to access a user's sensitive information on another website. Cross-site leaks allow an attacker to access a user's interactions with other websites. This can contain sensitive information.Web browsers normally stop other websites from seeing this information. This is enforced through a set of rules called thesame-origin policy. Attackers can sometimes get around these rules, using a "cross-site leak". Attacks using a cross-site leak are often initiated by enticing users to visit the attacker's website. Upon visiting, the attacker uses malicious code on their website to interact with another website. This can be used by an attacker to learn about the user's previous actions on the other website. The information from this attack canuniquely identify the user to the attacker. These attacks have been documented since 2000. One of the first research papers on the topic was published by researchers atPurdue University. The paper described an attack where theweb cache was exploited to gather information about a website. Since then, cross-site leaks have become increasingly sophisticated. Researchers have found newer leaks targeting various web browser components. While the efficacy of some of these techniques varies, newer techniques are continually being discovered. Some older methods are blocked through updates to browsers. The introduction and removal of features on the Internet also lead to some attacks being rendered ineffective. Cross-site leaks are a diverse form of attack, and there is no consistent classification of such attacks. Multiple sources classify cross-site leaks by the technique used to leak information. Among the well-known cross-site leaks are timing attacks, which depend on timing events within the web browser. For example,cache-timing attacks rely on the web cache to unveil information. Error events constitute another category, using the presence or absence of events to disclose data. Since 2023, newer attacks that use operating systems and web browser limits to leak information have also been found. Before 2017, defending against cross-site leaks was considered to be difficult. This was because many of the information leakage issues exploited by cross-site leak attacks were inherent to the way websites worked. Most defences against this class of attacks have been introduced after 2017 in the form of extensions to thehypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). These extensions allow websites to instruct the browser to disallow or annotate certain kinds ofstateful requests coming from other websites. One of the most successful approaches browsers have implemented isSameSite cookies. SameSite cookies allow websites to set a directive that prevents other websites from accessing and sending sensitive cookies. Another defence involves usingHTTP headers to restrict which websites can embed a particular site. Cache partitioning also serves as a defence against cross-site leaks, preventing other websites from using the web cache to exfiltrate data. (Full article...) WikiProjects
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