Abridge (also known as acommand deck), orwheelhouse (also known as apilothouse), is a room or platform of aship,submarine,airship, orspaceship from which the ship can be commanded. When a ship is under way, the bridge is manned by anofficer of the watch aided usually by anable seaman acting as alookout. During critical maneuvers thecaptain will be on the bridge, often supported by an officer of the watch, an able seaman on the wheel and sometimes apilot, if required.

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  Navigational bridge of a cargo ship docked inPort Everglades, Florida
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  The interior of the bridge of theResearch VesselSikuliaq, docked inKetchikan, Alaska
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  Wheelhouse on atugboat, topped with a flying bridge
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  Appearance of a bridge on a cruise ship

There are many terms for parts of a ship with functions similar to a bridge. Depending upon the design and layout of a ship, some of these terms may be interchangeable.

Traditionally,sailing ships were commanded from thequarterdeck, aft of themainmast, where theship's wheel was located (as it was close to therudder). Awheelhouse was a small enclosure around theship's wheel on the quarterdeck ofsailing ships. On modern ships thewheelhouse orpilothouse refers to the bridge of smaller motor vessels, such astugs.^[1]

With the arrival ofpaddle steamers, engineers required a platform from which they could inspect the paddle wheels and where thecaptain's view would not be obstructed by the paddle houses. A raised walkway, literally a bridge, connecting the paddle houses was therefore provided. When thescrew propeller superseded the paddle wheel, the termbridge survived.^[1]

Traditionally, commands would be passed from the senior officer on the bridge to stations dispersed throughout the ship, where physical control of the ship was exercised, as technology did not exist for the remote control of steering or machinery.Helm orders would be passed to an enclosed wheel house, where thecoxswain orhelmsman operated theship's wheel. Engine commands would be relayed to theengine officer in theengine room by anengine order telegraph that displayed the captain's orders on a dial. The engine officer would ensure that the correct combination of steam pressure and engine revolutions were applied. Weatherproof pilot houses supplanted open bridges so that thepilot, who was traditionally the ship's navigating officer, could issue commands from shelter.^[1]

Iron, and latersteel, ships also required acompass platform. This was usually a tower, where amagnetic compass could be sited far away as possible from theferrous interference of the hulk of the ship.

Many ships still have aflying bridge, a platform atop the pilot house, open to weather, containing abinnacle andvoice tubes to allow the conning officer to direct the ship from a higher position during fair weather conditions.^[1]

Largerwarships may have anavigation bridge, which is used for the actualconning of the ship, and a separateadmiral's bridge can be provided inflagships, where the admiral can exercise control over the squadron of ships without interfering with the captain's command of the vessel. In older warships, a heavily armoredconning tower was often provided, where the vital command staff could be located under protection to ensure that the ship could be commanded under fire.^[2]

On a submarine, the bridge is the highest point on theconning tower, to provide for better visual navigation when on the surface.^[3] They became standard onUnited States Navy submarines after 1917, greatly improving the function of the vessels while at the surface.^[4]

Modern advances in remote control equipment have seen progressive transfer of the actual control of the ship to the bridge. The wheel andthrottles can be operated directly from the bridge, controlling often-unmanned machinery spaces. Aboard modern warships, navigational command comes from the bridge, whereas electronically directed weapon systems are usually controlled from an interior compartment.^[2]

On a commercial vessel, the bridge will contain theequipment necessary to safely navigate a vessel on passage. Such equipment will vary with ship type, but generally includes aGPS navigation device, aNavtex receiver, anECDIS or chart system, one or moreradars, a communications system (includingdistress calling equipment), engine (telegraph) controls, a wheel/autopilot system, a magnetic compass (for redundancy and cross check capability) and light/sound signalling devices.^[5]

The navigation station of a ship may be located on the bridge or in a separate chart room, nearby. It includes a table sized fornautical charts where calculations ofcourse andlocation are made. The navigator plots the course to be followed by the ship on these charts.^[6] Besides thedesk and the navigation charts, the area containsnavigational instruments that may includeelectronic equipment for aGlobal Positioning System receiver and chart display,fathometer, acompass, amarine chronometer,two-way radios, andradiotelephone, etc.^[7]

A flying bridge, also known as "monkey island",^[8][9] is an open area on top of a surface ship that provides unobstructed views of the fore, aft, and the sides of a vessel.^[10][11] It serves as an operating station for the ship's officers, such as the captain orofficer of the watch.^[11]

Prior to World War II, virtually everysailing ship,steamship,monitor,paddle steamer, or large pleasure ship had a flying bridge above the main bridge.^[11] Flying bridges were generally not enclosed at all (although sometimes they were partially enclosed), and often had little equipment—usually just a speaking tube or telephone to allow communication with the helmsman or wheelman on the main bridge.^[11] On military warships after 1914, the flying bridge was usually the station for the air defense officer and the gunnery officer.^[3] The amount of equipment on a flying bridge varies widely with the need of the captain. During World War II, for example, Americansubmarine chaser surface ships had a well-outfitted flying bridge which usually contained apelorus, signal lamps,telescope, and voice tube to permit the captain to command the ship.^[12] U.S. Navyattack transport ships could be outfitted with either 20mm or 40mmautomatic cannons on their flying bridges.^[13]

Flying bridges were almost always the highest bridge on the ship.^[10] They were usually above the flag bridge.^[3]

Since the 1980s, large pleasure craft may have a flying bridge^[14] toward the stern that is used as additional outdoor seating space and a place to store atender.^[15] On the smallest surface vessels, such as asport fishing boat, the flying bridge may have controls permitting the ship to be piloted from the flying bridge, but will lack the full range of controls of the pilot house. On larger small vessels, the flying bridge may actually be enclosed, in which case it is more properly called an "upper pilot house" or "upper bridge".^[3]

Warships that were alsoflagships (had aflag officer onboard) sometimes contained aflag bridge. Also known as the "admiral's bridge", these were a bridge below the main bridge on a command warship where a high-ranking officer such as anadmiral could conduct fleet operations, plan strategy, and conduct large battles.^[3]

Some flying bridges have "bridge wings", open areas which thrust outward from the flying bridge over the sides of the vessel by approximately 10 to 15 feet (3.0 to 4.6 m) to allow an officer to see the side of their ship while docking or working with smaller vessels.^[11] A bridge wing is a narrow walkway extending from both sides of a pilothouse to the full width of a ship or slightly beyond, to allow bridge personnel a full view to aid in the maneuvering of the ship.^[16]Officers use bridge wings whendocking or maneuvering inlocks and narrowwaterways. Each bridge wing may be equipped with a console controlling thebow thruster,stern thruster, rudder and engines.^[17]

• Cab (locomotive)
• Cockpit (sailing)
• Command center
• Control room
• Deck department
• Engine department

• Video clips of (nautical) bridges aboard various ships