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DomPedro V[1] (Portuguese:Pedro de Alcântara Maria Fernando Miguel Rafael Gonzaga Xavier João António Leopoldo Vítor Francisco de Assis Júlio Amélio; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese:o Esperançoso), wasKing of Portugal from 1853 to 1861 as well as a German prince of theHouse of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
| Pedro V | |
|---|---|
 Portrait, 1861 | |
| King of Portugal | |
| Reign | 15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861 |
| Acclamation | 16 September 1855 |
| Predecessor | Maria II andFerdinand II |
| Successor | Luís I |
| Regent | Ferdinand II(1853–1855) |
| Prime Ministers | |
| Born | (1837-09-16)16 September 1837 Necessidades Palace,Lisbon |
| Died | 11 November 1861(1861-11-11) (aged 24) Necessidades Palace,Lisbon |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | |
| House |
|
| Father | Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
| Mother | Maria II of Portugal |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature |  |
Early life and reign
edit.png)
As the eldest son ofQueen Maria II andKing Ferdinand II, Peter was a member of theHouse of Bragança.[a] Asheir apparent to the throne he was styled Prince Royal (Portuguese:Príncipe Real), and was also the 23rd Duke of Braganza (Duque de Bragança).
Peter was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during thecholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick.
Pedro V, along with his brothersFernando andJoão and other royal family members, died oftyphoid fever orcholera in 1861.
Marriage
edit_-_Am%25C3%25A9d%25C3%25A9e_Lemaire_de_Ternante.png)
Peter marriedGerman PrincessStephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter ofKarl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, andPrincess Josephine of Baden, by proxy inBerlin on 29 April 1858 and then in person inLisbon on 18 May 1858.
Among the many wedding guests inLisbon was Stephanie's brother PrinceKarl Anton Joachim Zephyrinus Friedrich Meinrad von Hohenzollern, Commanding General of theVII Prussian Army Corps, accompanied by MajorReimar Constantin von Alvensleben.[2]
It was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later fromdiphtheria. As Peter and Stephanie's marriage was childless, the Portuguese throne passed to his brotherLuís.
Titles, styles and honours
editTitles and styles
edit| Royal styles of King Peter V of Portugal | |
|---|---|
.png) | |
| Reference style | His Most Faithful Majesty |
| Spoken style | Your Most Faithful Majesty |
Pedro V's official styling as King of Portugal:By the Grace of God and by the Constitution of the Monarchy, Peter V, King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, South Africa, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.[3]
As heir apparent to the Portuguese crown, Peter held the following titles:[4]
- Duke of Braganza (23rd)
- Duke of Barcelos (18th)
- Duke of Guimarães (20th)
- Marquis of Vila Viçosa (22nd)
- Count of Ourém (24th)
- Count of Barcelos (24th)
- Count of Faria and Neiva (24th)
- Count of Arraiolos (26th)
- Count of Guimarães (21st)
Honours
edit- Domestic[5]
- He was Grand Master of the following orders:
- Foreign[5]
Austrian Empire:Grand Cross the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen,1854[6]
Belgium: Grand Cordon of theOrder of Leopold,9 July 1854[7]
Empire of Brazil:Grand Cross of the Southern Cross,1855
Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of theSaxe-Ernestine House Order
French Empire: Grand Cross of theLegion of Honour
Hohenzollern: Cross of Honour of thePrincely House Order of Hohenzollern, 1st Class
Netherlands:Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
Kingdom of Prussia:Knight of the Black Eagle
Russian Empire:[8]- Knight of St. Andrew,13 March 1856
- Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky,13 March 1856
- Knight of the White Eagle,13 March 1856
- Knight of St. Anna, 1st Class,13 March 1856
Kingdom of Sardinia:- Knight of the Annunciation,15 July 1855[9]
- Grand Cross of Saints Maurice and Lazarus,15 July 1855
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach:Grand Cross of the White Falcon,1 August 1854[10]
Kingdom of Saxony:Knight of the Rue Crown,1854[11]
Spain:Knight of the Golden Fleece,13 November 1846[12]
Two Sicilies:Grand Cross of St. Ferdinand and Merit
United Kingdom:Stranger Knight of the Garter,24 June 1858[13]
Ancestry
editSee also
edit
Notes
edit- ^abWhile remainingpatrilineal dynasts of the duchy ofSaxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect toFerdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
References
edit- ^Portuguese pronunciation:[ˈpeðɾu]
- ^Constantin v. Alvensleben, General der Infanterie – Ein militärisches Lebensbild, Berlin 1903,p. 25 f.
- ^Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XVI.
- ^Castelo Branco e Torres 1838, pp. XXIV–XXV, XXXIV.
- ^abPinto 1883, p. XVI.
- ^"A Szent István Rend tagjai"Archived 22 December 2010 at theWayback Machine
- ^Ferdinand Veldekens (1858).Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer. lelong. p. 203.
- ^Bragança, Jose Vicente de; Estrela, Paulo Jorge (2017)."Troca de Decorações entre os Reis de Portugal e os Imperadores da Rússia" [Exchange of Decorations between the Kings of Portugal and the Emperors of Russia].Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese).16:6–7. Archived fromthe original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved19 March 2020.
- ^Cibrario, Luigi (1869).Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri (in Italian). Eredi Botta. p. 115. Retrieved4 March 2019.
- ^Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-EisenachArchived 22 August 2019 at theWayback Machine (1864), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 13
- ^Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1857) (in German), "Königliche Ritter-Orden", p. 4
- ^"Caballeros Existentes en la Insignie Orden del Toison de Oro",Calendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish): 172, 1860, retrieved26 April 2020
- ^Shaw, Wm. A. (1906)The Knights of England,I, London,p. 60
- ^Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XLVII.
Further reading
edit- Castelo Branco e Torres, João Carlos Feo Cardoso de (1838).Resenha das familias titulares do Reino de Portugal: acompanhada das notícias biographicas de alguns individuos das mesmas famílias (in Portuguese). Lisbon:Imprensa Nacional.
- Pinto, Albano da Silveira (1883).Resenha das familias titulares e grandes de Portugal (in Portuguese). Vol. I. Lisbon: Francisco Arthur da Silva.
Pedro V of Portugal Cadet branch of theHouse of Aviz Born: 16 September 1837 Died: 11 November 1861 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | King of Portugal 1853–1861 | Succeeded by |