| Odesa Quarantine | |
|---|---|
Одеський карантин | |
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  Location within Odesa Oblast Show map of Odesa Oblast Odesa Quarantine (Ukraine) Show map of Ukraine | |
| Alternative names | Quarantine Walls |
| General information | |
| Location | Odesa, Ukraine |
| Coordinates | 46°28′56″N30°45′17″E / 46.48222°N 30.75472°E /46.48222; 30.75472 |
| Year built | 1793 |
TheOdesa Quarantine (Ukrainian:Одеський карантин,romanized: Odeskyi karantyn) is alazaretto located onCape Langeron in the city ofOdesa, Ukraine. Located adjacent toShevchenko Park, the structure was historically used for preventing the spread ofplague before being largely demolished in the late 19th century.
The modern Odesa Quarantine was established in 1811 on the basis of the Odesa Fortress, a defence line which had been constructed in 1793.[1] The establishment of the Quarantine coincided with aplague outbreak,[2] and it was established under the guidance ofArmand Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, 5th Duke of Richelieu.[3] The original quarantine was built alongside thePort of Odesa byFrançois Sainte de Wollant. It was at first very successful, but its wooden structure soon proved to be unable to cope with the increasing development of the city, and the quarantine was moved.[3]
Following its establishment, the quarantine was subject to criticism by merchants, with a British consul noting that "the real and ostensible evil has been the necessity for restraints to intercourse and business." Quarantine laws were later loosened and temporarily abolished during theCrimean War, but would frequently be reinstated as part of protectionist policies.[4] Following the abolition of quarantine laws and the transfer of quarantine functions to hospitals, the Odesa Quarantine was largely demolished in 1896. The powder tower, the arcade, and a partially-intact tower of theQuarantine Cemetery [uk] have survived from the original structure.[3] The quarantine was later a site for executions of participants in theRussian Revolution of 1905.[5]
The Quarantine Cemetery was destroyed in 1936 andChornomorets Stadium was built over its place.[1] Other threats to the quarantine's existence include the development ofTrams in Odesa.[5] Beginning in 2014, the local government of Odesa has made efforts to restore the quarantine's appearance. Cannons from theRusso-Turkish War of 1877–1878 have also been placed on the quarantine for decorative purposes.[6]
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