Michael Stonebraker | |
|---|---|
 Michael Stonebraker giving the 2015 Turing lecture | |
| Born | (1943-10-11)October 11, 1943 (age 82) |
| Education | Princeton University (BS) University of Michigan (MS,PhD) |
| Known for | Ingres,Postgres,Vertica,Streambase,Illustra,VoltDB,SciDB |
| Spouse | Beth |
| Awards | IEEE John von Neumann Medal(2005) ACM Turing Award(2014) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Computer science |
| Institutions | University of California, Berkeley University of Michigan Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Thesis | The Reduction of Large Scale Markov Models for Random Chains |
| Doctoral advisor | Arch Waugh Naylor |
| Notable students | Joseph M. Hellerstein Andy Pavlo Clifford A. Lynch[1] Margo Seltzer[1] Dale Skeen[2] Marti Hearst[3] Leilani Battle[4] |
| Website | csail |
Michael Ralph Stonebraker (born October 11, 1943[6]) is an Americancomputer scientist specializing indatabase systems. Through a series of academic prototypes and commercial startups, Stonebraker's research and products are central to manyrelational databases. He is also the founder of many database companies, includingIngres Corporation,Illustra, Paradigm4,StreamBase Systems,Tamr,Vertica,VoltDB and Hopara, and served aschief technical officer ofInformix. For his contributions to database research, Stonebraker received the 2014Turing Award, often described as "the Nobel Prize for computing."[7]
Stonebraker's career can be broadly divided into two phases: his time atUniversity of California, Berkeley when he focused onrelational database management systems such asIngres andPostgres, and, starting in 2001, atMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where he developed more novel data management techniques such asC-Store,H-Store,SciDB andDBOS.[8] Stonebraker is currently a professor emeritus at UC Berkeley and an adjunct professor emeritus at MIT's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.[9][10] He is also known as an editor for the bookReadings in Database Systems.
Stonebraker grew up inMilton Mills, New Hampshire.[11] He earned his B.S.E. inelectrical engineering fromPrinceton University in 1965, and hisM.S. andPh.D. from theUniversity of Michigan in 1967 and 1971[12] respectively. His awards include theIEEE John von Neumann Medal and the firstSIGMODEdgar F. Codd Innovations Award. In 1994 he was inducted as aFellow of theAssociation for Computing Machinery.[13] In 1997, he was elected a member of theNational Academy of Engineering for the development and commercialization of relational and object-relational database systems. In March 2015 it was announced he won the 2014ACM Turing Award.[7] In September 2015, he won the 2015 Commonwealth Award, chosen by council members of MassTLC.[14]
In 1973, Stonebraker and his colleagueEugene Wong started researching relational database systems after reading a series of seminal papers published byEdgar F. Codd on therelational data model.[15]
Their project, known asIngres (Interactive Graphics and Retrieval System),[16] was one of the first systems (along withSystem R fromIBM) todemonstrate that it was possible to build a practical and efficient implementation of the relational model. A number of key ideas from INGRES are still widely used in relational systems, including the use ofB-trees, primary-copy replication, the query rewrite approach to views andintegrity constraints, and the idea of rules/triggers for integrity checking in an RDBMS. Additionally, much experimental work was done that provided insights into how to build a locking system that could provide satisfactory transaction performance.[17]
These included Stonebraker, who with fellow Berkeley professors Larry Rowe and Eugene Wong helped foundRelational Technology, Inc., later called Ingres Corporation. Subsequently, sold toComputer Associates, Ingres was re-established as an independent company in 2005, and later renamedActian. Other startups based on Ingres includeSybase, founded by Robert Epstein, a student on the project, andBritton Lee, Inc. Sybase's code was later used as a basis forMicrosoft SQL Server.[18]
After founding Relational Technology, Stonebraker and Rowe began a "post-Ingres" effort, to address the limitations of the relational model. The new project was namedPOSTGRES (POST inGRES).[19]
After the Postgres project, Stonebraker initiated the Mariposa[20]
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In the Aurora Project, Stonebraker, along with colleagues fromBrandeis University,Brown University, and MIT, focused on data management for streaming data, using a new data model and query language. Unlike relational systems, which "pull" data and process it a record at a time, in Aurora, data is "pushed", arriving asynchronously from external data sources (such as stock ticks, news feeds, or sensors.) The output is itself a stream of results (such as windowed averages) that are sent to users.[21]
In theC-Store project, started in 2005, Stonebraker, along with colleagues from Brandeis, Brown, MIT, andUniversity of Massachusetts Boston, developed a parallel,shared-nothingcolumn-oriented DBMS for data warehousing. By dividing and storing data in columns, C-Store is able to perform less I/O and get better compression ratios than conventional database systems that store data in rows.[22]
Stonebraker explained that it's because similar data items are side-by-side: Name,Name,Name,Name vs. Name,Address,Zip,Phone#. In 2005, Stonebraker co-foundedVertica to commercialize the technology behind C-Store.[23]
In 2008, along withDavid DeWitt and researchers from Brown, MIT,Portland State University,SLAC, theUniversity of Washington, and theUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison, Stonebraker startedSciDB[24][25] an open-source DBMS specially designed for scientific research applications.[26]
He founded Paradigm4 with Marilyn Matz, who became CEO. Paradigm4 developed SciDB, used mostly by life sciences and financial markets.Novartis,Foundation Medicine, and theNational Institutes of Health are some of the company's clients.[14][27]
In 2010 and 2011, Stonebraker criticized theNoSQL movement.[28][29][30]
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