Mary Jane Phillips-Matz (January 30, 1926 – January 19, 2013) was an American biographer and writer onopera. She is mainly known for her biography ofGiuseppe Verdi, a result of 30 years' research and published in 1992 byOxford University Press. Born inLebanon, Ohio and educated atSmith College andColumbia University, she lived for many years in Italy, and even after her return to the United States in the early 1970s spent her summers in Verdi's hometown ofBusseto where she continued her exhaustive research into his life. She died inNew York City at the age of 86

Mary Jane Phillips was born inLebanon, Ohio to William Mason Phillips and Hazel Spencer Phillips. Her mother was the author of several books on Ohio history and folklore.^[1] She grew up inDayton and acquired her interest in opera as a child from family excursions to theCincinnati Zoo where the price of admission included a free performance byCincinnati Opera in the zoo's pavilion.^[2] After earning a bachelor's degree in medieval literature and modern European history in the late 1940s fromSmith College and a master's degree fromColumbia University, she began a 50-year period of contributing toOpera News.^[3] She married Charles Albert Matz Jr., a writer and literary historian, in 1950 while still a Masters student at Columbia and published under the name Mary Jane Matz until the couple divorced in 1977.^[2]

Her first book,Opera Stars In The Sun: Intimate Glimpses Of Metropolitan Personalities was published in 1955 and dedicated to her parents. The 1960s saw the publication of two more books, a biography of the philanthropist and arts patronOtto Kahn andOpera: Grand and Not So Grand. The latter was an analysis of the modern opera business which she characterized as "monstropera", contrasting what she felt was its dehumanized, bourgeois approach with its past as a flamboyant yet more human spectacle.^[4] During the 1960s and early 1970s Phillips-Matz lived in Venice with her young family. She continued her research and writing and also taught English to the employees of Venice's public boat system. She and her husband became friends withOlga Rudge andEzra Pound who lived nearby and introduced Pound toGian Carlo Menotti, another old friend. During this time, Phillips-Matz was also general manager, fund-raiser, and public relations director for Menotti'sFestival dei Due Mondi inSpoleto.^[5][6]

Although she returned the United States and settled in Manhattan in the early 1970s, Phillips-Matz spent part of every year inBusseto, where Verdi spent many of his early years, where she lived in an old rectory rented to her by the local priests and continued her exhaustive research into the composer's life.^[2] She was one of the founders of the American Institute for Verdi Studies atNew York University in 1976 and served as its co-director withAndrew Porter. Over the years, she was instrumental in helping the institute acquire microfilm copies of correspondence and documents relating to Verdi from numerous collections in Italy, including those at Verdi'sSant'Agata estate.^[7]

Her 900-pageVerdi: A Biography was published by Oxford University Press in the UK in 1992 and in the US the following year. It has since been published in multiple editions and translated into French and Spanish. The biography won theRoyal Philharmonic Society Book Award in 1993 and the ASCAPDeems Taylor Award in 1994.^[8][9]Edward Rothstein writing inThe New York Times called it an "important biography" which "provides us with a more complicated portrait of the man than we have had so far."^[10] The new light shed on Verdi's life by Phillips-Matz's book included evidence that Verdi's family roots and his own emotional ties were actually in theProvince of Piacenza, rather thanParma, and that far from being poor, his father had owned a substantial amount of land and could read and write at a time when 90% of Italians were illiterate. More controversially, she found evidence suggesting thatGiuseppina Strepponi gave birth to a daughter in 1851 while she was Verdi's mistress but years before they married.^[10][11] The child was abandoned at an orphanage inCremona but then entrusted to the care of a family living near Verdi's estate at Sant' Agata.^[12]

Biographies of the opera singersRosa Ponselle andLeonard Warren followed in 1997 and 2000, the latter a commission from the Leonard Warren Foundation. Her last major work was her biography ofGiacomo Puccini, published in 2002, although she continued to lecture and in 2005 wrote the text for a book commemorating the 50th anniversary of theWashington National Opera. Phillips-Matz died at her home in Manhattan, nearVerdi Square shortly before her 87th birthday^[2][3]

In addition to the following books and her articles forOpera News, Phillips-Matz also wrote regular program notes for London'sRoyal Opera House,^[3] essays inThe Cambridge Companion to Verdi andThe Puccini Companion, and feature articles forPlaybill. Among the many operalibretti published by theMetropolitan Opera which she translated and annotated were Verdi'sFalstaff,Simon Boccanegra,I Lombardi alla prima crociata, andDon Carlos.

• Opera Stars In The Sun: Intimate Glimpses Of Metropolitan Personalities, 1955,Farrar, Straus & Cudahy
• The Many Lives of Otto Kahn, 1963,Macmillan (2nd edition published 1984, Pendragon Press)
• Opera: Grand and Not So Grand, 1966,William Morrow and Company
• Verdi il grande gentleman del Piacentino, 1992, Banca di Piacenza (republished in 2013 to mark the bicentenary of Verdi's birth)^[13]
• Verdi: A Biography, 1992 Oxford University Press
• Rosa Ponselle: American Diva, 1997,Northeastern University Press^[14]
• Leonard Warren: American Baritone, 2000, Amadeus Press^[15]
• Puccini: A Biography, 2002, Northeastern University Press^[16]
• Washington National Opera, 1956–2006, 2005, Washington National Opera

• Phillips-Matz's 1955 bookOpera Stars In The Sun Intimate Glimpses Of Metropolitan Personalities (digitized onarchive.org)
• Phillips-Matz onI due Foscari in"Venice, Verdi and 'The Two Foscari'", written for the official blog ofLos Angeles Opera in August 2012, six months before her death
• Works by and about Mary Jane Phillips-Matz onWorldCat
• Mary Jane Phillips-Matz collection, 1948-1993 Music Division,New York Public Library for the Performing Arts