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MSDOS.SYS

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
System file (DOS kernel) in MS-DOS and configuration file in Windows 9x

MSDOS.SYS is a system file inMS-DOS andWindows 9x operating systems.In versions of MS-DOS from 1.1x through 6.22, the file comprises the MS-DOSkernel and is responsible for file access and program management.MSDOS.SYS is loaded by theDOS BIOSIO.SYS as part of theboot procedure.[1] In some OEM versions of MS-DOS, the file is namedMSDOS.COM.

InWindows 95 (MS-DOS 7.0) throughWindows ME (MS-DOS 8.0), the DOS kernel has been combined with the DOS BIOS into a single file,IO.SYS (akaWINBOOT.SYS[2]), whileMSDOS.SYS became aplain text file containing boot configuration directives instead. If aWINBOOT.INI file exists, the system will retrieve these configuration directives fromWINBOOT.INI rather than fromMSDOS.SYS.[3]When Windows 9x is installed over a preexisting DOS install, the Windows file may be temporarily namedMSDOS.W40 for as long as Windows' dual-boot feature has booted the previous OS. Likewise, theMSDOS.SYS of the older system is namedMSDOS.DOS for as long as Windows 9x is active.

Some DOS utilities expect theMSDOS.SYS file to have a minimal file size of at least 1 KB. This is the reason why a large dummy comment is typically found in theMSDOS.SYS configuration file since Windows 95.[nb 1][4][5][6]

By default, the file is located in theroot directory of the bootable drive/partition (normallyC:\ for hard disks) and has the hidden, read-only, and systemfile attributes set.

The MS-DOS derivativeDisk Control Program [de] (DCP) by the former East-GermanVEB Robotron used aDCDOS.SYS filename instead.[7][8]

IBM PC DOS as well asDR-DOS since 5.0 (with the exception of DR-DOS 7.06) used the fileIBMDOS.COM for the same purpose, whereas DR DOS 3.31 to 3.41 usedDRBDOS.SYS instead.[2]FreeDOS uses the fileKERNEL.SYS for the same purpose.

Windows NT-based operating systems (NT 3.1–4, 2000, XP, and 2003) use theNTLDR file and NT 6+ operating systems (Vista, Server 2008, 2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, 2025, 7, 8, 8.1, 10 and 11) usebootmgr instead, as they have a different boot sequence.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^The dummy comment in unmodified copies ofMSDOS.SYS explains these reasons explicitly:

    The following lines are required for compatibility with other programs. Do not remove them (MSDOS.SYS needs to be >1024 bytes).

References

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  1. ^Robbins, Judd (1991).Mastering DOS 5 (3 ed.). San Francisco, California:Sybex. pp. 68–69.
  2. ^abPaul, Matthias R. (1997-10-02) [1997-09-29]."Caldera OpenDOS 7.01/7.02 Update Alpha 3 IBMBIO.COM - README.TXT and BOOT.TXT - A short description of how OpenDOS is booted". Archived fromthe original on 2003-10-04. Retrieved2009-03-29.[1] (NB. Also has a few bits on how other DOSes are booted.)
  3. ^"Windows Does Not Start Normally With Bootgui=1 in the Msdos.sys". 2.0.Microsoft. 2013-10-24. KB136416, Q136416. Retrieved2015-08-20.
  4. ^"Contents of the Windows MSDOS.SYS file". 1.4.Microsoft. 2007-01-19. KB118579, Q118579. Retrieved2015-08-20.
  5. ^"How to create an MSDOS.SYS file larger than 1024 bytes". 1.3.Microsoft. 2004-12-21. KB129998, D36528. Retrieved2014-11-22.
  6. ^Wolking, Gregory A. (1996-09-24)."BootOpt Gives You Start-Up Control - A GUI interface makes it easier to set Windows 95's startup options".PC Magazine. pp. 222–230. Retrieved2019-07-27.
  7. ^Anwenderdokumentation - Anleitung für den Systemprogrammierer - MOS DCP 1700(PDF). 3.20 (in German). Dresden, East-Germany:VEB Robotron-Projekt Dresden. 1988-01-29. C3013-0000-0 M3030, Textdiskette DCP1700 T1/2 C3010-9991-2M3020, Disk-Nr.: 5962 /88 ROBOTRON PROJEKT DRESDEN KA2 DD-DS 80*16*256.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved2021-12-03.
  8. ^Kurth, Rüdiger; Groß, Martin; Hunger, Henry (2016-11-29) [2007]."Betriebssystem DCP".www.robotrontechnik.de (in German).Archived from the original on 2019-04-03. Retrieved2019-04-28.

External links

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MSDOS.SYS in Windows 9x (95/98/ME):

DOS system files
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