Kabataang Makabayan ("Patriotic Youth"), also known by theacronymKM, is anundergroundcommunistyouth organization in thePhilippines which was active from 1964[2] to the present.[3] It was banned by the Philippine government in 1972 when then-PresidentFerdinand Marcosdeclared martial law, and was driven underground.[4][5] It was dissolved in 1975 along with otherNational Democratic mass organizations, as part of the National Democratic movement's change of strategy against the Marcos regime.[3] Revived within theManila-Rizal area in 1977 and later nationally in 1984,[6] the organization continues to exist.[2]
| Kabataang Makabayan | |
|---|---|
.png){kind=logo} The official logo of KM as defined in their Constitution | |
| Also known as | KM |
| Foundation | November 30, 1964 (1964-11-30)[1] |
| Country | Philippines |
| Allegiance | Communist Party of the Philippines |
| Motives | Support the national democratic revolution in the Philippines |
| Newspaper | Kalayaan |
| Ideology | Communism National Democracy Marxism-Leninism-Maoism |
| Status | Active |
| Part of | National Democratic Front of the Philippines |
History
editKabataang Makabayan originated from the Students' Cultural Association of UP (SCAUP) in theUniversity of the Philippines and was initially organized as the youth arm of thePartido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930 byJosé María Sison, Ernesto Macahiya,Nilo Tayag, and others.[7][8][9] Sison envisioned the youth group as revolutionaries who would establish a country led by theworking class instead ofoligarchic politicians. It was established on November 30, 1964,Bonifacio Day, to emphasize continuity withAndrés Bonifacio's 1896Philippine Revolution.[2]Nacionalista SenatorLorenzo Tañada gave the closing speech at the KM's first national congress and was both a consultant and honorary member.[9]
When Sison re-established theCommunist Party of the Philippines (CPP) in 1968 as a consequence of theFirst Great Rectification Movement, theNew People's Army (NPA) was organized as its military wing; Kabataang Makabayan then became the CPP's youth arm.[1] It was also one of the groups that established theNational Democratic Front of the Philippines.[2]
First Quarter Storm
editKabataang Makabayan was at the forefront of theFirst Quarter Storm, a period of civic unrest consisting of violent demonstrations, protests, and marches against the government of then-PresidentFerdinand Marcos from January to March 1970. The protests and subsequent violence they inspired collectively became one major factor that led to Marcos’declaration of Martial Law in late September 1972.[1]
Philippine government estimates place Kabataang Makabayan membership at 10,000–30,000 during its peak.[10][11]
See also
editExternal links
editReferences
edit- ^abcPastor, Cristina DC (November 14, 2014)."Kabataang Makabayan as the proverbial Boomer at 50: Are its ideals still relevant?".Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^abcdPalatino, Mong (August 5, 2015)."What Millennials Should Know About the Kabataang Makabayan". Manila Today.Archived from the original on April 22, 2018. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^abSantos, Soliman Jr."Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan: some basic information - Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières".www.europe-solidaire.org.Archived from the original on 2020-07-31. Retrieved2020-10-31.
- ^Espada, Dennis (November 23, 2014)."Activists share brief recollections on Kabataang Makabayan".Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^Espejo, Edwin G. (March 6, 2008)."COMMENTARY: Springing back to life: The Student Protest Movement". MindaNews.Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^Castro, Nestor (2012-01-01)."Ang Muling Pagtatatag sa Kabataang Makabayan, 1984".Archived from the original on 2023-08-27. Retrieved2024-01-05.
{{cite journal}}:Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^Strauss, Julia C.; O'Brien, Donal Cruise (2007).Staging Politics: Power and Performance in Asia and Africa.I.B. Tauris. p. 220.ISBN 978-1-84511-367-4.Archived from the original on 2024-01-05. Retrieved2021-07-26.
- ^Timberman, David G. (1991).A Changeless Land: Continuity and Change in Philippine Politics. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 60.ISBN 9813035862.Archived from the original on 2024-01-05. Retrieved2021-07-26.
- ^ab"Kabataang Makabayan Handbook 1964 (First National Congress, 30 Nov 1964)".Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^"APPENDIX: A History of the Philippine Political Protest".Government of the Philippines. Archived fromthe original on April 3, 2018. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.
- ^"Proclamation No. 1081, s. 1972".Government of the Philippines. 21 September 1972. Archived fromthe original on 19 April 2018. RetrievedNovember 25, 2017.