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Calendar year
2005 by topic By international organization
2005 (MMV ) was acommon year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar , the 2005th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 3rd millennium and the21st century , and the 6th year of the2000s decade.
Calendar year
2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and theInternational Year of Microcredit . The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of theInternational Decade of the World's Indigenous People (1995–2005).
Theworld population on January 1, 2005, was estimated to be 6.545 billion people and increased to 6.629 billion people by January 1, 2006.[ 1] [ 1] life expectancy was 68.1 years, an increase of 0.4 years from 2004.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
There were 32 conflicts in 2005 that caused at least 25 fatalities, all of which wereintrastate wars involvingviolent non-state actors .[ 4] Iraqi insurgency , theTaliban insurgency in Afghanistan, theKashmir insurgency , theNepalese Civil War , and theColombian conflict .[ 5] [ 6] a major suicide bombing on February 28 and a series of attacks as theIraqi Transitional Government was established in April and May.[ 7] Second Chechen War in Russia saw the assassination of Chechen rebel leaderAslan Maskhadov by Russian forces on March 8,[ 8] Kivu conflict andIturi conflict continued in the Democratic Republic of the Congo despite the formal end of theSecond Congo War in 2002.[ 9]
Peace talks took place to end theSecond Intifada between Israel and Palestine, which were complicated by attacks from Palestinian militant groups and subsequent Israeli retaliation.[ 10] Hezbollah alsoengaged in conflict with Israel, causing violence inGolan Heights and on theIsrael–Lebanon border .[ 11] disengaged fromits occupation of Gaza beginning on August 14.[ 12]
The government of Myanmar broke its 2003 ceasefire with theKaren National Union in January, and it engaged in heightened conflict with theShan State Army (RCSS) in April.[ 13] The frozen conflict between Azerbaijan and the breakawayNagorno-Karabakh also reignited as a 1994 ceasefire collapsed.[ 14] Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam .[ 13] Rally for Democracy and Liberty in Chad, theNational Socialist Council of Nagaland in India, theKurdistan Free Life Party in Iran, and theMaoist Communist Party in Turkey.[ 13] the bombings of theLondon Underground that killed 52 people andthe bombings of hotels inAmman , Jordan, that killed 56 people.[ 12]
TheComprehensive Peace Agreement between Sudan and theSudan People's Liberation Movement was signed on January 9, ending theSecond Sudanese Civil War .[ 15] War in Darfur , remained active with heavy targeting of civilians and aid workers.[ 16] First Ivorian Civil War remained frozen as a fragile ceasefire held between Ivory Coast and theForces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire while peace negotiations stalled.[ 14] Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan remained mostly peaceful, though militant groups carried out occasional attacks.[ 17]
The highest-grossing film globally in 2005 wasHarry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Star Wars: Episode III - Revenge of the Sith The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe [ 18] Brokeback Mountain A History of Violence [ 19] [ 20] [ 21] [ 22]
Revenue from digital music sales became the third biggest music market in 2005 when it exceeded revenue fromsingles .[ 23] X&Y Coldplay , followed byThe Emancipation of Mimi Mariah Carey andThe Massacre 50 Cent . The best-selling non-English album was the Spanish-language albumFijación Oral, Vol. 1 Shakira , the 27th best-selling of the year.[ 24]
Critically acclaimed video games from 2005 includeCivilization IV God of War Resident Evil 4 [ 25]
Thegross world product increased by 3.2% in 2005, slowing from the 4.0% growth of 2004.[ 26] International trade grew by 7.1% in volume, decreasing from the 11.0% growth of 2004.[ 27] price of oil surged in 2005, but not to the extent of a similar surge in 2004.[ 28] United States dollar reversed in 2005 as it gained value relative to theeuro andJapanese yen , though it continued depreciating relative to the currencies of many developing nations.[ 29]
Environment and weather [ edit ] The year 2005 was estimated to be tied with1998 as the hottest year on record. Areas around theArctic Circle were especially hot relative to historical temperatures. Heatwaves occurred in Australia in March through May and theSouthwestern United States in July, while the Balkans experienced extreme cold in February. The year had average rainfall globally. Heavy rain led to floods in Colombia, Saudi Arabia, and central and eastern Europe, while Brazil and southeastern Africa faced severe droughts.[ 30] An 8.6 magnitude earthquake struck on March 28 and killed approximately 1,300 people inSumatra , anda magnitude 7.6 earthquake struck on October 8 and killed approximately 80,000 people inKashmir .[ 31]
The2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active in recorded history with 28 storms, exceeding the 1933 record of 21 storms, including 15 hurricanes, exceeding the 1969 record of 12 hurricanes.[ 32] Hurricane Emily ,Hurricane Katrina ,Hurricane Rita , andHurricane Wilma .[ 33] Hurricane Stan caused flooding that killed another 1,000 to 2,000 people.[ 34] 2005 Pacific typhoon season was average in intensity, and there were a total of 24 tropical storms.[ 35] Typhoon Haitang andTyphoon Nabi .[ 36] [ 35]
In 2005, Singaporeexperienced its worstdengue fever outbreak on record.[ 37]
George W. Bush wassworn in for a second term as president of the United States in January, but he grew unpopular throughout the year. Iraqheld its first free elections in decades, which were followed by the establishment of theIraqi Transitional Government ;a constitution was approved ina referendum , and new electionswere held in December.The trial of former Iraqi presidentSaddam Hussein began on October 19, where he and seven others were accused of mass killings and torture.[ 12]
April 2 –Pope John Paul II dies; over four million people travel to the Vatican to mourn him.[ 53] [ 54] [ 55] Pope Benedict XVI succeeds him on April 19, becoming the 265th pope.[ 56] [ 57] April 8 – The first solar eclipse of the year was a rare hybrid event, occurring at ascending node in Aries. This was 4.4 days after the Moon reached perigee. Gamma had a value of -0.34733. Ahybrid solar eclipse was visible from south Pacific, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela, and was the 51st solar eclipse ofSolar Saros 129 .April 9 –Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony atWindsor 's Guildhall. Camilla receives the titleDuchess of Cornwall .[ 58] April 23 – The first everYouTube video is uploaded, titledMe at the zoo [ 59] April 24 – The first lunar eclipse of the year was a penumbral event, occurring at descending node in Virgo. This was 5 days before the Moon reached perigee. Gamma had a value of -1.08851. Apenumbral lunar eclipse was visible in eastern Asia, Australia, Pacific and Americas, and was the 23rd lunar eclipse ofLunar Saros 141 .April 26 –Cedar Revolution :Syria withdraws the last of its military garrison fromLebanon , ending its29-year military occupation of the country .[ 60] April 27 – The Superjumbojet aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight fromToulouse .[ 61] August 12 – TheMars Reconnaissance Orbiter Cape Canaveral , designed to exploreMars .[ 73] August 14 –Helios Airways Flight 522 , en route fromLarnaca , Cyprus toPrague , Czech Republic via Athens, crashes in the hills nearGrammatiko , Greece, killing 121 passengers and crew.[ 74] August 16 –West Caribbean Airways Flight 708 crashes into a mountain inVenezuela , killing 160 passengers and crew.[ 75] August 18 –Peace Mission 2005 , the first joint China–Russiamilitary exercise , begins its eight-day training on theShandong Peninsula .[ 76] August 26 – TheConstitution of Chile is heavily amended, eliminatingsenators for life , reducing the presidential terms from six to four years, giving the president exclusive rights to summon the National Security Council, and removes legal obstacles for the creation of newregions .[ 77] August 29 –Hurricane Katrina makes landfall along theU.S. Gulf Coast , causingsevere damage , killing over a thousand people and causing an estimated $108 billion in damage.[ 78] August 31 – TheAl-Aimmah bridge disaster inBaghdad , Iraq kills 953 Shia Muslim pilgrims who were celebrating a religious festival.[ 79] October 1 – Aseries of suicide bombs exploded atKuta andJimbaran ,Bali , Indonesia. The attack killed 20 and injured over 100 others.[ 84] October 3 Croatia andTurkey 's accession negotiations to theEuropean Union officially starts.[ 85] [ 86] The second solar eclipse of 2005 was an annular event, occurring at descending node in Virgo. This was 4.8 days after the Moon reached apogee. Gamma had a value of 0.33058. Anannular solar eclipse was visible in Portugal, Spain, Libya, Sudan and Kenya, and was the 43rd solar eclipse ofSolar Saros 134 . October 8 – The 7.6Mw Kashmir earthquake strikesAzad Kashmir , Pakistan and nearby areas with a maximumMercalli intensity of VIII (Severe ), killing more than 86,000 people and displacing several million more.[ 87] October 12 – The secondcrewed Chinesespacecraft ,Shenzhou 6 [ 88] October 17 – The final eclipse of 2005 was a partial lunar eclipse event, occurring at ascending node in Aries. This was 2.9 days after the Moon reached perigee. Gamma had a value of 0.97960. Apartial lunar eclipse was visible in Asia, Australia, Pacific and North America, and was the 10th lunar eclipse ofLunar Saros 146 .October 19 – Thetrial of Saddam Hussein begins.[ 89] October 20 – The general conference of theUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) passes theConvention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions .[ 90] October 24 December 12 – Scientists announce that they have createdmice with small numbers of humanneurons in an effort to make realistic models ofneurological disorders .[ 100] December 16 –Find-a-drug medical distributed computing project is concluded.[ 101] December 18 –Chad descends intocivil war after various rebel forces, with support fromSudan , attack the capital,N'Djamena .[ 102] December 19 –Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101 crashes into the ocean off ofMiami Beach in Florida. There were 20 fatalities.December 25 – An express train bound for the city ofNiigata ,Niigata Prefecture , Japan, is derailed by strong winds inShonai ,Yamagata Prefecture . Five people are killed and at least 33 injured.[ 103] December 31 –Another second is added, 23:59:60, to end the year 2005, the first time since 1998.[ 104] January 2 –Robbie Lee , British diver[ 105] January 4 –Dafne Keen , British and Spanish actress[ 106] January 11 January 13 –Eva Brezalieva , Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast[ 109] January 14 –Toni Firmansyah , Indonesian footballerJanuary 21 –IShowSpeed , American YouTuberJanuary 25 –Avantika Vandanapu , American actress and singer[ 110] January 26 –Katie Beth Hall , American actress[ 111] January 31 –Mallory James Mahoney , American actress[ 112] [ 113] February 16 –Julio Soler , Argentine footballerFebruary 19 –Alma Deutscher , British composer and formerchild prodigy February 23 –Arica Himmel , American actress[ 114] February 25 –Arda Güler , Turkish football player[ 115] March 5 –Valentín Carboni , Argentine footballerMarch 9 –Brandon Scheunemann , Indonesian footballerMarch 10 –Rykarl Iskandar , Malaysian actor and TV hostMarch 14 –Betrand Putra Onsu , Indonesian singerMarch 21 –Marselinus Ama Ola , Indonesian footballerMarch 26 –Ella Anderson , American actress[ 116] March 28 –d4vd , American singer[ 117] March 30 –Santiago Fernández , Argentine footballerApril 4 –Kadek Arel , Indonesian footballerApril 10 –Ray-D , Malaysian singerApril 11 –Muhammad Khalil , Malaysian footballerApril 29 –Prince Dipangkorn Rasmijoti of Thailand , grandson ofBhumibol Adulyadej , son of KingMaha Vajiralongkorn , Rama X of Thailand and his wifeSrirasmi Suwadee [ 118] May 5 May 8 –Muhammad Ragil , Indonesian footballerMay 11 –Ezra Frech , American track athlete and ParalympianMay 14 –Maxwell Acee Donovan , American actorMay 14 –Jasmine Nadya , Indonesian actress and singerMay 19 –Cik B , Malaysian actress, singer and modelMay 24 –Fariz Isqandar , Malaysian actor and TV hostJune 5 –Rylee Arnold , American dancerJune 16 –Milton Delgado , Argentine footballerJune 17 –Funa Nakayama , Japanese skateboarder[ 119] June 18 –Naura Ayu , Indonesian actress and singerJune 21 –Jay Iskandar , Malaysian actorJune 25 –Kylie Cantrall , American actress and singer[ 120] June 26 –Princess Alexia of the Netherlands , daughter ofWillem-Alexander of the Netherlands and his wifeQueen Máxima of the Netherlands [ 121] June 28 –Lane Factor , Native American actorJuly 5 –Sombr , American singerJuly 7 –Sam Morelos , American actorJuly 21 –Joseph Zada , Australian actorJuly 25 –Pierce Gagnon , American actor[ 122] August 7 –Mufli Hidayat , Indonesian footballerAugust 8 –Alysa Liu , American figure skater[ 123] August 10 –Sunny Suljic , American actor[ 124] August 18 –Brady Hepner , American actorAugust 25 –Yuyun Hikmah , Malaysian actress and modelAugust 26 –Tomás Pérez – Argentine footballerSeptember 20 –Jason Drucker , American actorSeptember 26 –Jack Hoffman , American high school football player and pediatric brain cancer patient who met PresidentBarack Obama in 2013 (d.2025 )September 29 –Gabrielle Gutierrez , Filipino stage actressSeptember 30 –Mia Sara Nasuha , Malaysian actressOctober 1 –Rosalie Chiang , American actressOctober 4 –Prince Emmanuel of Belgium , younger son and third child ofKing Philippe andQueen Mathilde of Belgium [ 125] October 7 –Lulu Wilson , American actress[ 126] [ 127] October 15 –Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark , son ofFrederik X and his wifeQueen Mary of Denmark [ 128] October 25 –Santino Andino , Argentine footballerOctober 31 November 3 November 16 –Mariam Mamadashvili , Georgian singer, winner ofJunior Eurovision Song Contest 2016 December 3 –Prince Sverre Magnus of Norway , son ofHaakon, Crown Prince of Norway and his wifeMette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway , grandson of KingHarald V of Norway [ 131] December 14 –Mia Sinclair Jenness , American theater actressDecember 20 –Arlyansyah Abdulmanan , Indonesian footballerDecember 25 –Frederik Roslyng , Danish footballerDecember 27 –Kristina Pimenova , Russian model[ 132] December 30 –Brady Noon , American actorDecember 31 –Dinda Dania , Malaysian singer and actress^a b c UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs 2024 .^ UN High Commissioner for Refugees 2006 , p. 3.^ UN High Commissioner for Refugees 2006 , p. 4.^ Harbom, Högbladh & Wallensteen 2006 , p. 617.^ Harbom, Högbladh & Wallensteen 2006 , pp. 627–630.^ Harbom, Lotta; Wallensteen, Peter (2007)."Armed Conflict, 1989-2006" .Journal of Peace Research 44 (5):623– 634.doi :10.1177/0022343307080859 .ISSN 0022-3433 .JSTOR 27640570 . ^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 99.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 91.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 95.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 81.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 82.^a b c O'Neill 2006 .^a b c Harbom, Högbladh & Wallensteen 2006 , p. 620.^a b Harbom, Högbladh & Wallensteen 2006 , p. 621.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 87.^ Holmqvist 2006 , p. 88.^ Holmqvist 2006 , pp. 83–84.^ "2005 Worldwide Box Office" .Box Office Mojo .^ Urquhart, Jeremy (June 22, 2023)."The 10 Best Movies of 2005, Ranked" .Collider ^ "The best movies of 2005" .The A.V. 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