Illarion Pryanishnikov

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Illarion Mikhailovich Pryanishnikov (Russian:Илларион Михайлович Прянишников; 20 March [O.S. 1 April] 1840 – 24 March [O.S. 12 March] 1894) was a Russianpainter, one of the founders of thePeredvizhniki artistic cooperative,^[1] which broke away from the rigors of their time and became one of the most important Russian art schools of the late 19th century.^[2]

Illarion Pryanishnikov
Илларион Прянишников
Portrait of Pryanishnikov byVasily Perov (1862)
Born	(1840-03-20)March 20, 1840 Borovsky Uyezd,Kaluga Governorate,Russian Empire
Died	March 24, 1894(1894-03-24) (aged 54) Moscow,Russian Empire
Education	Full Member Academy of Arts (1893)
Alma mater	Moscow School of Painting
Known for	Painting

Biography

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Illarion Pryanishnikov was born in the village ofTimashovo in theBorovsky Uyezd ofKaluga Governorate (today'sBorovsky District ofKaluga Oblast) in a family of merchants.^[3] From 1856 to 1866 he studied in theMoscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in the classes ofEvgraf Sorokin andSergey Zaryanko.^{[citation needed]}

His pictureJokers.Gostiny Dvor in Moscow, painted in the last year of education, straight away brought to him a wide reputation. In this small canvas he gives an original solution of a theme of the humiliation of human dignity, callousness and cruelty in the world, where everything is bought and is sold. After depicting the tipsy merchants, who with a jeer are compelled to dance under the concertina and a poor elderly official, the artist authentically demonstrates a whole gallery of the specimens of moral deformity and complacent caddishness. The painting caused indignation in some adherents of official academic art who felt that the young painter appeared as the destroyer of the "high" destination of the art which was to express in the ideal form the eternal truths.^{[citation needed]}

In 1870 Pryanishnikov received the title of the "painter of 1st degree". From 1873 until his death he was a teacher in the MSoPSA and his apprentices wereKonstantin Korovin,^[4]Vitold Byalynitsky-Birulya,Mikhail Nesterov,Alexei Stepanov^[5] and others.

From the outset of the existence of the union ofPeredvizhniks, he was a member, and from the second exhibition he was one of directors of the union. Although Pryanishnikov lived in mainly inMoscow, he often visited the Russian north where he sketched. He took part in the decoration of the originalCathedral of Christ the Saviour, which was demolished in 1931.^[1]

Pryanishnikov died in Moscow where one of the streets was named after him.^{[citation needed]}