Abu ‘Amr Ḥafṣ ibn Sulayman al-Asadi al-Kufi | |
|---|---|
حفص بن سليمان | |
| Personal life | |
| Born | AD 706 |
| Died | AD 796(796-00-00) (aged 89–90) |
| Home town | Makkah |
| Parent |
|
| Known for | Transmitting aQira'at which became the famous riwayat in Arabia, India and even the western counteries |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud |
Students | |
Hafs (Abū ʽAmr Ḥafṣ ibn Sulaymān ibn al-Mughīrah ibn Abi Dawud al-Asadī al-Kūfī,Arabic:أبو عمرو حفص بن سليمان بن المغيرة الأسدي الكوفي, 706–796 AD; 90–180AH),[1][2] according toIslamic tradition, was one of the primary transmitters of one of the seven canonical methods ofQur'an recitation (qira'at). His method via his teacherAasim ibn Abi al-Najud has become the most popular method across the majority of theMuslim world.[3]
In addition to being the student of Aasim, Hafs was also his son-in-law.[4] Having been born inBaghdad, Hafs eventually moved toMecca where he popularized his father-in-law's recitation method.[4]
Eventually, Hafs' recitation of Aasim's method was made the official method of Egypt,[5] having been formally adopted as the standard Egyptian printing of the Qur'an under the auspices ofFuad I of Egypt in 1923.[4] The majority ofcopies of the Quran today follow the reading of Hafs. InNorth andWest Africa there is a bigger tendency to follow the reading ofWarsh.[6]
Of all thecanonical recitation traditions, only the Kufan tradition of Hafs included thebismillah as a separate verse inChapter (surah) 1.[7]
In the 10thC, in hisKitāb al-sabʿa fī l-qirāʾāt,Ibn Mujahid mentioned theseven readings of the Quran which originally were all recited by the Prophet of Islam to his followers.[8] Three of their readers hailed fromKufa, a centre of early Islamic learning.[9] The three Kufan readers wereAl-Kisa'i, the Kufan;Hamzah az-Zaiyyat; andAasim ibn Abi al-Najud.
It is, alongside the Hafs 'an 'Asim tradition which represents the recitational tradition ofKufa, one of the two major oral transmission of the Quran in the Muslim World.[10] The influential standardQuran of Cairo that was published in 1924 is based on Hafs 'an ʻAsim's recitation.
Imam Hafs ibn Suleiman ibn al-Mughirah al-Asadi al-Kufi learned fromAasim ibn Abi al-Najud al-Kufi al-Tabi'i fromAbu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami fromUthman ibn Affan,Ali ibn Abu Talib,Ubayy ibn Ka'b, andZaid ibn Thabit fromMuhammad.
| Level | Reciter |
|---|---|
| 1 | Muhammad |
| 2 | Uthman ibn Affan,Ali ibn Abu Talib,Ubayy ibn Ka'b,Abdullah ibn Masud, andZaid ibn Thabit |
| 3 | Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami |
| 4 | Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud |
| 5 | Imam Hafs |
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
