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Gulo

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Genus of carnivores

For other uses, seeGulo (disambiguation).

Gulo Temporal range:Pliocene – recent^[1]

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Carnivora
Family:	Mustelidae
Subfamily:	Guloninae
Genus:	Gulo Pallas, 1780
Type species
Gulo sibiricus^[2]
Species
G. gulo G. minor† G. schlosseri † G. sudorus †

Gulo is agenus ofcarnivoran mammals in the familyMustelidae. It contains oneextant species, thewolverine (G. gulo), as well as severalextinct ones.Fossil evidence suggests that this genus appeared inNorth America and later spread toEurasia during thePliocene. Diagnostic traits include a strongly reducedP2, a robustP4 with three roots, and uppermolars smaller than in othergulonines. Overall, the teeth areadapted forhypercarnivory.^[1]

References

[edit]

^^a ^bSamuels, Joshua X.; Bredehoeft, Keila E.; Wallace, Steven C. (2018)."A new species ofGulo from the Early Pliocene Gray Fossil Site (Eastern United States); rethinking the evolution of wolverines".PeerJ.6 e4648.doi:10.7717/peerj.4648.ISSN 2167-8359.PMC 5910791.PMID 29682423.
^Wilson, D. E.;Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005).Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore:Johns Hopkins University Press.ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.OCLC 62265494.

ExtantCarnivora species

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Infraclass:Eutheria
Superorder:Laurasiatheria

Feliformia("cat-like" carnivorans)

Feliformia

African palm civet (Nandinia binotata)

Feloidea

Prionodon(Asiatic linsangs)

Felidae(cats)

Pantherinae

Neofelis	Sunda clouded leopard (N. diardi) Clouded leopard (N. nebulosa)
Panthera	Snow leopard (P. uncia) Tiger (P. tigris) Jaguar (P. onca) Lion (P. leo) Leopard (P. pardus)

Felinaesensu stricto

Bay cat
lineage

Pardofelis	Marbled cat (P. marmorata)
Catopuma	Bay cat (C. badia) Asian golden cat (C. temminckii)

Caracal
lineage

Serval (Leptailurus serval)
Caracal	African golden cat (C. aurata) Caracal (C. caracal)

Leopardus

Lynx

Puma
lineage

Acinonyx	Cheetah (A. jubatus)
Jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi)
Puma	Cougar (P. concolor)

Leopard cat
lineage

Pallas's cat (Otocolobus manul)
Prionailurus	Leopard cat (P. bengalensis) Sunda leopard cat (P. javanensis) Flat-headed cat (P. planiceps) Rusty-spotted cat (P. rubiginosus) Fishing cat (P. viverrinus)

Felis

Viverroidea

- see below↓

Binturong (Arctictis binturong) Small-toothed palm civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata) Sulawesi palm civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroekii) Masked palm civet (Paguma larvata)
Paradoxurus	Asian palm civet (P. hermaphroditus) Brown palm civet (P. jerdoni) Golden palm civet (P. zeylonensis)

Viverrinaesensu lato

Viverrinae
sensu stricto

Small Indian civet (Viverricula indica) African civet (Civettictis civetta)
Viverra	Malabar large-spotted civet (V. civettina) Large-spotted civet (V. megaspila) Malayan civet (V. tangalunga) Large Indian civet (V. zibetha)

Genettinae

Poiana
(African linsangs)

Genetta
(genets)

Herpestoidea	see below↓

Herpestoidea

Hyaenidae
(hyenas)

Proteles

Aardwolf (P. cristata)

Hyaeninae
(bone-crushing hyenas)

Striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) Brown hyena (Parahyaena brunnea)
Crocuta	Spotted hyena (C. crocuta)

Herpestidaesensu lato

Eupleridae
(Malagasy
carnivorans)

Euplerinae
(Malagasy civets)

Fossa (Cryptoprocta ferox) Malagasy civet (Fossa fossana)
Eupleres(falanoucs)	Eastern falanouc (E. goudotii) Western falanouc (E. major)

Galidiinae
(vontsira)

Ring-tailed vontsira (Galidia elegans)
Galidictis	Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose (G. fasciata) Grandidier's mongoose (G. grandidieri)
Narrow-striped mongoose (Mungotictis decemlineata)
Salanoia	Brown-tailed mongoose (S. concolor) Durrell's vontsira (S. durrelli)

Herpestidaesensu stricto(mongooses)

Mungotinae

Suricata	Meerkat (S. suricatta)
Liberian mongoose (Liberiictus kuhni)
Mungos	Gambian mongoose (M. gambianus) Banded mongoose (M. mungo)
Pousargues's mongoose (Dologale dybowskii)
Helogale	Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (H. hirtula) Common dwarf mongoose (H. parvula)
Crossarchus (kusimanses)	Alexander's kusimanse (C. alexandri) Angolan kusimanse (C. ansorgei) Common kusimanse (C. obscurus) Flat-headed kusimanse (C. platycephalus)

Herpestinae

Marsh mongoose (Atilax paludinosus) Long-nosed mongoose (Xenogale naso)
Urva (Asian mongooses)	Small Indian mongoose (U. auropunctata) Short-tailed mongoose (U. brachyura) Indian grey mongoose (U. edwardsii) Indian brown mongoose (U. fusca) Javan mongoose (U. javanica) Collared mongoose (U. semitorquata) Ruddy mongoose (U. smithii) Crab-eating mongoose (U. urva) Stripe-necked mongoose (U. vitticolla)
White-tailed mongoose (Ichneumia albicauda) Yellow mongoose (Cynictis penicillata) Selous's mongoose (Paracynictis selousi) Meller's mongoose (Rhynchogale melleri)
Bdeogale	Bushy-tailed mongoose (B. crassicauda) Jackson's mongoose (B. jacksoni) Black-footed mongoose (B. nigripes)
Herpestes (slender mongooses)	Angolan slender mongoose (H. flavescens) Egyptian mongoose (H. ichneumon) Somalian slender mongoose (H. ochracea) Cape gray mongoose (H. pulverulenta) Common slender mongoose (H. sanguinea)

Caniformia("dog-like" carnivorans)

Canidae(dogs)

Urocyon	Gray fox (U. cinereoargenteus) Island fox (U. littoralis)

Vulpini

Bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotis)
Nyctereutes (raccoon dogs)	Common raccoon dog (N. procyonoides) Japanese raccoon dog (N. viverrinus)
Vulpes (truefoxes)	Bengal fox (V. bengalensis) Blanford's fox (V. cana) Cape fox (V. chama) Corsac fox (V. corsac) Tibetan fox (V. ferrilata) Arctic fox (V. lagopus) Kit fox (V. macrotis) Pale fox (V. pallida) Rüppell's fox (V. rueppelli) Swift fox (V. velox) Red fox (V. vulpes) Fennec fox (V. zerda)

Canini(true dogs)

Cerdocyonina
(zorro)

Maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus)
Speothos	Bush dog (S. venaticus)
Short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis) Crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous)

Lycalopex
(South American foxes)

Canina
(wolf-like canids)

Lupulella	Side-striped jackal (L. adustus) Black-backed jackal (L. mesomelas)
Lycaon	African wild dog (L. pictus)
Dhole (Cuon alpinus)

Canis

Arctoidea

Ursidae(bears)

Ailuropoda

Giant panda (A. melanoleuca)

Tremarctos

Spectacled bear (T. ornatus)

Ursinae

Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) Sun bear (Helarctos malayanus)
Ursus	American black bear (U. americanus) Asian black bear (U. thibetanus) Brown bear (U. arctos) Polar bear (U. maritimus)

Mustelida

Pinnipedia(seals)	see below↓
Musteloidea	see below↓

Pinnipedia(seals)

Odobenidae	Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus)

Otariidae(eared seals)

Callorhinus
(northernfur seals)

Northern fur seal (C. ursinus)

Otariinae
(sea lions)

Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus)
Zalophus	California sea lion (Z. californianus) Galápagos sea lion (Z. wollebaeki)

South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens)

Neophoca

Australian sea lion (N. cinerea)

New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri)

Arctocephalus
(southernfur seals)

Phocidae(earless seals or true seals)

Phocinae
("northern seals")

Phocini

Harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) Ribbon seal (Histriophoca fasciata) Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus)
Phoca	Spotted seal (P. largha) Harbor seal (P. vitulina)
Pusa	Caspian seal (P. caspica) Ringed seal (P. hispida) Baikal seal (P. sibirica)

Monachinae
("southern seals")

Monachini
(monk seals)

Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus)
Neomonachus	Hawaiian monk seal (N. schauinslandi)

Mirounga
(elephant seals)

Lobodontini
(Antarctic seals)

Musteloidea

Ailuridae	Red panda (Ailurus fulgens)

Mephitidae(skunks)

Conepatus (hog-nosed skunks)	Molina's hog-nosed skunk (C. chinga) Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk (C. humboldtii) American hog-nosed skunk (C. leuconotus) Striped hog-nosed skunk (C. semistriatus)
Mephitis	Hooded skunk (M. macroura) Striped skunk (M. mephitis)
Mydaus (stink badgers)	Sunda stink badger (M. javanensis) Palawan stink badger (M. marchei)
Spilogale (spotted skunks)	Southern spotted skunk (S. angustifrons) Western spotted skunk (S. gracilis) Eastern spotted skunk (S. putorius) Pygmy spotted skunk (S. pygmaea)

Procyonidae

Kinkajou (Potos flavus)

Bassariscus

Procyon
(raccoons)

Bassaricyon
(olingos)

Nasuina
(coatis)

Nasua	White-nosed coati (N. narica) South American coati (N. nasua)
Nasuella (mountain coatis)	Eastern mountain coati (N. meridensis) Western mountain coati (N. olivacea)

Mustelidae	see below↓

Mustelidae

American badger (Taxidea taxus)

Mellivora

Honey badger (M. capensis)

Melinae

Arctonyx (hog badgers)	Northern hog badger (A. albogularis) Greater hog badger (A. collaris) Sumatran hog badger (A. hoevenii)
Meles (Eurasian badgers)	Japanese badger (M. anakuma) Caucasian badger (M. canescens) Asian badger (M. leucurus) European badger (M. meles)

Melogale
(ferret-badgers)

Guloninae

Tayra (Eira barbara)
Pekania	Fisher (P. pennanti)
Gulo	Wolverine (G. gulo)
Martes (martens)	American marten (M. americana) Pacific marten (M. caurina) Yellow-throated marten (M. flavigula) Beech marten (M. foina) Nilgiri marten (M. gwatkinsii) European pine marten (M. martes) Japanese marten (M. melampus) Sable (M. zibellina)

Ictonychinae

Lyncodontini

Patagonian weasel (Lyncodon patagonicus)
Galictis (grisons)	Lesser grison (G. cuja) Greater grison (G. vittata)

Ictonychini
(African polecats)

Vormela	Marbled polecat (V. peregusna)
African striped weasel (Poecilogale albinucha)
Ictonyx	Saharan striped polecat (I. libycus) Striped polecat (I. striatus)

Lutrinae(otters)

Giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis)
Lontra	North American river otter (L. canadensis) Marine otter (L. felina) Neotropical otter (L. longicaudis) Southern river otter (L. provocax)
Enhydra	Sea otter (E. lutris)
Spotted-necked otter (Hydrictis maculicollis)
Lutra	Eurasian otter (L. lutra) Hairy-nosed otter (L. sumatrana)
Lutrogale	Smooth-coated otter (L. perspicillata)
Aonyx	African clawless otter (A. capensis) Asian small-clawed otter (A. cinereus) Congo clawless otter (A. congicus)

Mustelinae

Neogale (New World weasels)	Amazon weasel (N. africana) Colombian weasel (N. felipei) Long-tailed weasel (N. frenata) American mink (N. vison)

Mustela
(weasels)

subgenusMustela (paraphyletic)	Sichuan weasel (M. aistoodonnivalis) Mountain weasel (M. altaica) Stoat/Beringian ermine (M. erminea) Haida ermine (M. haidarum) Yellow-bellied weasel (M. kathiah) Least weasel (M. nivalis) American ermine (M. richardsonii)
subgenusLutreola (paraphyletic)	Japanese weasel (M. itatsi) European mink (M. lutreola) Indonesian mountain weasel (M. lutreolina) Malayan weasel (M. nudipes) Siberian weasel (M. sibirica) Back-striped weasel (M. strigidorsa)
subgenusPutorius	Steppe polecat (M. eversmannii) Ferret (M. furo) Black-footed ferret (M. nigripes) European polecat (M. putorius)

See also:Mink
Polecat

Genera ofred pandas,raccoons,skunks,mustelids and their extinct allies

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:Carnivora

Musteloidea

†Peignictis †Plesiogale
Ailuridae	†Actiocyon Ailurus †Alopecocyon †Amphictis †Bonisictis †Magerictis †Parailurus †Pristinailurus †Protursus †Rothictis †Simocyon
Mephitidae	†Brachyprotoma Conepatus Mephitis Mydaus †Palaeomephitis †Promephitis Spilogale
Procyonidae	†Amphinasua †Angustictis †Arctonasua Bassaricyon Bassariscus †Bassaricynoides †Chapalmalania †Cyonasua †Edaphocyon Nasua Nasuella †Parahyaenodon †Paranasua †Parapotos †Probassariscus Procyon †Protoprocyon Potos †Tetraprothomo

Mustelidae

†Acheronictis †Aragonictis †Arikarictis †Circamustela †Erokomellivora †Franconictis †Kenyalutra †Kinometaxia †Laphyctis †Luogale †Marcetia †Matanomictis †Melidellavus †Mellalictis †Mesomephitis †Miomustela †Namibictis †Oaxacagale †Palaeomeles †Paragale †Parataxidea †Perunium †Plesictis †Plesiogale †Plesiomeles †Prepoecilogale †Presictis †Promellivora †Proputorius †Pyctis †Sabadellictis †Semantor †Sinictis †Sivalictis †Skopelogale †Sonitictis †Taxodon †Trochotherium †Xenictis †Zorilla
Guloninae	†Canimartes Eira †Ferinestrix Gulo †Iberictis †Ischyrictis Martes Pekania †Plesiogulo †Plionictis †Sthenictis
Helictidinae	Melogale
Ictonychinae	†Baranogale †Brevimalictis †Cernictis †Eirictis †Enhydrictis Galictis Ictonyx †Lutravus Lyncodon †Martellictis †Negodiaetictis †Oriensictis †Pannonictis †Poecilictis Poecilogale †Sminthosinis †Stipanicicia †Trigonictis †Trochictis Vormela
Lutrinae	†Algarolutra Aonyx †Cyrnaonyx †Cyrnolutra †Djourabus Enhydra †Enhydriodon †Enhydritherium Hydrictis †Limnonyx Lontra Lutra †Lutraeximia †Lutrictis Lutrogale †Megalenhydris †Megencephalon †Melodon †Mionictis †Nesolutra †Paludolutra †Paralutra †Pelycictis Pteronura †Sardolutra †Satherium †Siamogale †Sivaonyx †Teruelictis †Torolutra †Tyrrhenolutra †Vishnuonyx
†Leptarctinae	Craterogale Leptarctus Trocharion
Melinae	†Arctomeles Arctonyx Meles †Promeles
Mellivorinae	†Ekorus †Eomellivora †Hoplictis Mellivora †Moralesictis
†Mustelavinae	Mustelavus
Mustelinae	†Dinogale †Lartetictis †Legionarictis Mustela Neogale †Tisisthenes
†Oligobuninae	Brachypsalis Corumictis Floridictis Megalictis Oligobunis Parabrachypsalis Paroligobunis Promartes Zodiolestes
Taxidiinae	†Chamitataxus †Pliotaxidea Taxidea

Taxon identifiers
Gulo	Wikidata:Q16894566 Wikispecies:Gulo BOLD:6869 CoL:4RJY EoL:34550 EPPO:1GULOG Fauna Europaea:305301 Fauna Europaea (new):8305ebc5-e5cd-41b1-909e-41959cd75526 GBIF:5219072 iNaturalist:41851 ITIS:180550 MSW:14001165 NBN:NHMSYS0000376733 NCBI:48419 Open Tree of Life:752563 Paleobiology Database:41112 Plazi:23EAFA1A-E110-44C0-75B5-C74C49712730 WoRMS:1460000 ZooBank:62855F6E-D1BD-44CC-8084-A8D2D10752EE

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