Group CaptainGeorge Lovell "Uncle" Denholm,DFC (20 December 1908 – 15 June 1997) was a Scottish fighter pilot andflying ace of theRoyal Air Force during theSecond World War.^[1] He flewSpitfires during theBattle of Britain, and is counted amongst the ranks of 'The Few'.^[2]

George Lovell Denholm
Denholm in 1940, byThomas Cantrell Dugdale
Nickname(s)	Uncle
Born	(1908-12-20)20 December 1908 Bo'ness,West Lothian
Died	15 June 1997(1997-06-15) (aged 88) Bo'ness, West Lothian
Allegiance	United Kingdom /British Empire
Service/ branch	Royal Air Force
Years of service	1933–1947
Rank	Group Captain
Service number	90190
Commands	RAF North Weald (c.1944–45) No. 605 Squadron (1942–43) No. 1460 Flight (1941–42) No. 603 Squadron (1940–41)
Battles / wars	Second World War Battle of Britain
Awards	Distinguished Flying Cross Mentioned in Despatches King Haakon VII Freedom Cross (Norway)

Denholm was born at Tidings Hill inBo'ness,West Lothian, the son of a coal exporters and pit-prop/timber importer. He attendedCargilfield Preparatory School andFettes College, and later studied law atSt John's College, Cambridge.

At Cambridge, he joined the University Cadet Corps. In 1933, Denholm took an interest in planes and joinedNo. 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron of theRoyal Auxiliary Air Force. He took flight training onAirco DH.9A biplanes atRAF Macmerry andRAF East Fortune in East Lothian. In August 1939, Denholm was drafted as a flight commander to 603 Squadron atRAF Drem.^[2]

By the start of the Second World War, Denholm had converted to fly the new Mk.ISpitfire. It was whilst on combat patrol in his Spitfire on 16 October 1939 that he shared in the shooting down of aHeinkel He 111 (which was attempting to bomb theForth Railway Bridge) nearPort Seton inEast Lothian. It was the first German bomber to be shot down over Great Britain in the Second World War.^[2] On 12 March 1940 he damaged aDornier Do 17 off the coast near Aberdeen.

Due to Denholm being 32 at the time, and much older than other pilots in the squadron he was nicknamed "Uncle George".

With theBattle of Britain in full swing in the summer of 1940, Denholm's squadron was transferred toRAF Hornchurch in southern England. Flying regular bomber interception sorties, Denholm claimed a probable He 111 on 26 June and sharedJunkers Ju 88 on 3 July, plus aMesserschmitt Bf 109 destroyed and another probable on 28 August. On 30 August, whilst in combat withBf 110s overSnargate in Kent he was shot down but managed to bail out.

Two days later (1 September 1940), Denholm was back in action, and claimed a Bf 109 damaged. On 15 September claimed two Do 17's and a single Bf 109 damaged. However, it was during this sortie that he himself was shot down. His Spitfire crashed at Warren Farm,Fairlight, East Sussex, but he came down safely atGuestling.

Another damaged Bf 109 was claimed by Denholm on 18 September and on 27 September. He shared a Bf 109 destroyed (plus a probable Bf 109 and a shared probable Bf 109). On 20 October 1940 he damaged another Bf 109.^[3]

On 22 October 1940 acting Squadron Leader Denholm was awarded the DFC.^[4] His citation in theLondon Gazette^[5] read:

Since the commencement of hostilities, Squadron Leader Denholm has led his squadron, flight or section in innumerable operational patrols against the enemy. His magnificent leadership has contributed largely to the success of the squadron, which has destroyed fifty-four enemy aircraft in about six weeks; four of these aircraft were destroyed by Squadron Leader Denholm himself.

On 11 November he shot down and destroyed a Bf 109, and on 29 November he shot down another Bf 110.

In April 1941, he relinquished command of No. 603 Squadron and was posted as Fighter Controller to the Operations Room atRAF Turnhouse in Edinburgh. On 10 May 1941, Denholm was on duty whenRudolf Hess's Bf 110 was intercepted over Scotland and the ReichDeputy Führer was arrested.^[2]

In mid-December 1941 Denhom was posted as commander ofNo. 1460 Flight RAF atRAF Acklington withTurbinlite searchlights fitted to BritishDouglas Havocnight fighters. He latter remarked that the experiment was a great success.

In March 1942 he was posted as commander ofNo. 605 Squadron RAF atRAF Ford. The squadron was equipped withde Havilland Mosquito fighter-bombers and were tasked in the run up to D-Day in June 1944 with strafing enemy positions in thePas-de-Calais area and throughout northern France. Low flying was a perilous activity and the squadron suffered many losses.

Denholm subsequently became the Station Commander atRAF North Weald, where Norwegian and Danish squadrons operated. He developed a close friendship with the Norwegian Commanding Officer,Helge Mehre, and Denholm accompanied him at the end of the war to receive the German surrender in Norway atGardermoen outsideOslo.

Denholm's last 'kill' came on 11 March 1943 when he shot down an unidentified enemy aircraft overGilze-Rijen in the Netherlands. In January 1945 he was awarded aMention in Despatches and stayed with the RAF until discharged in 1947 as a group captain.^[2]

Denholm had beenRichard Hillary's senior commander at No. 603 Squadron, and Hillary had written about how highly regarded "Uncle George" was in his 1943 memoirThe Last Enemy. Hillary had been severely burnt after bailing out of a plane but managed to get back into active service. However, on 18 January 1943 he was killed along with his navigator when theirBristol Blenheim crashed during a night training exercise. Following the cremation of Hillary's body atGolders Green, it was Denholm who scattered his ashes over theEnglish Channel.^[6]

Denholm ended the war anace, claiming 6 confirmed destroyed (4 destroyed and 4 shared), 3 probables, 1 shared probable and 5 damaged.

Denholm returned to the family business,J & J Denholm, and in the 1950s was briefly a member of Bo’ness Municipal Council. He married Betty Tooms in 1939. They had two sons and two daughters.^[3]

• Battle of Britain Memorial Flight
• Saluting the few: the remarkable story of Edinburgh's 603 squadron