Franco Dragone (12 December 1952 – 30 September 2022) was an Italian-born Belgian theatre director. He was the founder and artistic director ofDragone, a creative company specializing in the creation of large-scale theatre shows. According toCNN, Dragone was "one of the key architects of Cirque du Soleil's unique theatrical style."^[1] He was also known for his work withCeline Dion.^[2]

Dragone died from a severe chest infection inCairo, Egypt, on 30 September 2022 at the age of 69.^[3]

Dragone was born in 1952 inCairano, a small town insouthern Italy.^[1] At the age of seven,^[2][4] he moved to the mining region ofLa Louvière inBelgium^[1] with his family so his parents could work in Belgium's coal mines.^[5] He remembers that being an "artist" was not treated seriously by the mining community in La Louvière. His father, however, was broad-minded and enrolled Dragone in a liberallycée. As a student, Dragone was taught a wide range of topics and was allowed to choose his field of interest. Dragone chose the arts.^[1]

In the 1970s he studied theatre at the Belgian Royal Conservatory ofMons.^[2][4] Starting his career as an actor in subsidized Belgian art theater, he switched to activist theater, or "theater without actors" according to Dragone.^[6] His earliest theatrical work was explicitly political, working as a director of theatre and film in the mode of thecommedia dell'arte dramatistDario Fo. The theatre works he helped create expressed social situations, interpreting true stories of the homeless, drug addicts, and prison inmates, and casting non-actors who shared their stories to perform in the shows.^[2][4] In this context Dragone began to teach staging, or visual expression, and came to believe that it was "possible to do high quality shows for mainstream people".^[6]

In the 1980s, Dragone came toMontreal, Quebec, Canada,^[2][4] in pursuit of "a beautiful girl".^[6] In Montreal, Guy Caron, director of theNational Circus School, invited him to conduct workshops with the students and teachers at his school.^[2][4] Dragone then created, directed and produced a show for the end of the school year.Guy Laliberté saw one of these performances in 1984, the same year he formedCirque du Soleil. In 1985, Laliberté sought out Guy Caron to join Cirque du Soleil. Caron, in turn, asked Dragone to join as a creator.^[2][4]

From the years 1985 to 1998, Dragone would direct nearly all of Cirque du Soleil's most prestigious shows^[1] and played a significant role in developing Cirque du Soleil's distinctive merging of theater andcircus performance. In the early 1990s, Dragone's reputation grew with the production ofNouvelle Expérience andSaltimbanco, nontraditional circus productions in whichpostmodern dance, music, and circus acrobatics were interlaced with a dreamlike narrative.^[2]

His visibility greatly increased after he directed and introduced the cutting-edge Cirque du Soleil productionMystère at theTreasure Island hotel inLas Vegas, Nevada.Mystère helped to change the nature of production shows in Las Vegas. While Dragone would direct only one other show with the company in Las Vegas,O in 1998, to many he was the face of Cirque du Soleil in Las Vegas. The shows Dragone created with Cirque du Soleil had single-handedly brought thecontemporary circus movement into the mainstream ofAmerican entertainment. Around the world, close to 100 million people have now seen Dragone's creations.^[1] Dragone directed Cirque du Soleil's first motion picture,Alegría, in 1999.^[7] In 1999 Dragone directed the music video forLara Fabian's song "Adagio".

In 2000 he amicably split from Cirque du Soleil and formed his own company called the Franco Dragone Entertainment Group (later shortened to "Dragone"), based in his hometown ofLa Louvière in Belgium.^[8][6] In 2003^[6] Dragone createdA New Day... starringCéline Dion^[9] atCaesars Palace in Las Vegas.^[6] WhenA New Day ended its run in 2007,Billboard reported it was the highest-grossing residency of all time.^[10]

In 2005, Dragone debuted his fourth production on theLas Vegas Strip with the opening ofLe Rêve at theWynn Las Vegas. For this show he used performers mainly from disciplines related to gymnastics.^[6] Like his 1998 showO for Cirque du Soleil,Le Rêve made extensive use of a custom-designed water stage.^[2] CNN called it a "bombastic, splashy celebration of life" with "diving feats and stunning special effects".^[1]

In 2007, he directed a new musical based onProsper Mérimée's novellaCarmen, which premiered at theLa Jolla Playhouse.^[11] He also worked on an adaption of theDivine Comedy with composerEnnio Morricone.^[6]

Franco Dragone was in charge of the opening ceremony show for the2010 South American Games that took place inMedellín,Colombia on 19 March 2010.^[12] The main themes of the show were inspired by Medellin's culture, business and geography.

In 2010, building on his previous experience using aquatic stages inO andLe Rêve,^[1] Dragone directed aMacau-based show entitledThe House of Dancing Water in theCity of Dreams.^[13]The House of Dancing Water is the largest aquatic production in the world, and was developed by Dragone in Belgium over 19 months, with the permanent theater taking five years to build.^[14] It features around 70 artists, some from Dragone's previous creations with Cirque du Soleil, performingdance,swimming andacrobatics.The House of Dancing Water is set in the 2000-seat Dancing Water Theater designed byPei Partnership Architects. The 270-degreetheater-in-the-round has a central stage with a diameter of approximately 25 meters (82 feet), surrounded by sloped seating on three sides. The theater arena has a 40-meter-high steel trussed space (30 meters clear) providing generous height to the show's display of acrobatics. The show, which incorporates various design elements such as fire, water effects, and atmospheric effects, premiered on 17 September 2010.^[15]

In 2012, Dragone's new cabaretTaboo: The Show Naughty and Naughtier premiered at City of Dreams.^[13]

On 29 March 2012, Dragone was awarded adoctor honoris causa degree for general merits by theUniversity of Antwerp, in recognition of his innovative and cosmopolitan approach to theatre.^[16]

In 2012 Dragone's business group came under investigation by Belgian authorities for "serious and organized international tax offenses" and money laundering. The group's offices inLa Louvière, as well as the private homes of Franco Dragone, the group's CEO, its CFO and a former employee, were raided in October 2012 as part of the investigation. The Belgian investigating office suspected Dragone of fraudulently using a global network ofshell companies to conceal assets in offshoretax havens to avoid paying taxes. In a press conference addressing the investigation in January 2013, Dragone claimed that the purpose of setting up this international structure had not been to commit fraud, but to avoid double or triple taxation by different countries. He added that he was ready to change his business' structure to provide more transparency.^[9][17] On January 12, 2024, after 12 years of investigations, Dragone was posthumously found not guilty of all charges of fiscal fraud and was completely exonerated. Despite the extensive media coverage during the investigation, the announcement of his exoneration received little attention.^[18][19]

In early 2013, Dragone produced,^[1] created and directedStory of a Fort, Legacy of a Nation, a show that ran from 28 February through 9 March 2013 as the centrepiece event of theQasr al-Hosn festival inAbu Dhabi. The show celebratedEmirati history with technology, acrobatics, andtraditional Emirati dance and music.^[20]

In 2014, Dragone openedThe Han Show inWuhan,China, celebrating the essence of theHan culture. The Han Show Theater, designed by Mark Fisher and inspired by the traditional red Chinese lantern, is 60 meters high, 100 meters in diameter and houses more than 2000 seats.^[21][22] In spring 2015, Dragone created a new show inParis for the cabaretLe Lido, titledParis Merveilles.^[23][24][25] In March 2016 he confirmed he was working on a new project for Las Vegas.^[25] In 2016, Dragone directed a new show featuringRussianpop iconPhilipp Kirkorov^[26] calledЯ (Ya,lit. 'I'), which premiered in theKremlin Palace on 16 March.^[27]

In 2017,^[1] Dragone's showLa Perle opened inAl Habtoor City,Dubai, in a custom-made 10-story theater. The show involved waterfalls, fires, motorcyclists spinning inside a suspended metal sphere, acrobatics into water, and other features.^[28] PreparingLa Perle took Dragone four to five years,^[29] and during its first year he "continually tweaked and improved" the show.^[28]

By September 2017, around 100 million people had seen Dragone's work.^[1]

As noted above,CNN reported on Dragone's role in creating Cirque du Soleil's theatrical vocabulary, adding that "while Cirque du Soleil's signature wascontemporary circus, Dragone's solo work embodies more theater, dance—and, of course, water" through the use of his "trademark" aquatic stages.^[1]

Dragone sought to invoke a common language of "emotional archetypes" in his theatrical productions. According to Dragone, the influence of various painters and the theoristAntonin Artaud pushed him toward a "concrete language intended for the senses", with the use of poetic visuals replacing the poetry of language.^[6] Dragone objected to comparisons of his work toSalvador Dalí orFederico Fellini, noting that he traveled frequently and had been influenced by a great many painters. In his search to "make the invisible visible" with his theater, he cited the directorPeter Brook as an influence^[6] adding, "With time and experience I evolve. I see things differently, so I want my next show to be impacted by these changes. I want every project to be a unique experience for the spectators, and every next project to be a new stage of my own development as an artist."^[5]

His shows are typically large in scale. For exampleLa Perle, showcased in a new theater of the same name, his first permanent show in the Middle East, included stunts such as "performers flying across the stage at 15 kilometers an hour before diving from heights of 25 meters into the 860-square-meter pool and seemingly disappearing, only to return from land seconds later." The show aimed to "capture of essence of Dubai" by contrasting opposing elements, such as water and desert, tradition and modernity. It also features traditionalpearl diving themes. The show cost $400 million to create with 450 performances held per year. According to CNN, the stage was "an engineering feat, holding a colossal 2.7 million liters of recycled water—enough to fill anOlympic pool—which can be drained in less than a minute for land-based exploits."^[1] Regarding the unusually large scale of his productions, Dragone has remarked that "Greek tragedies were done in huge spaces, too."^[6]

• 1985:La Magie Continue
• 1987:Le Cirque Réinventé
• 1990:Nouvelle Expérience
• 1992:Saltimbanco
• 1993:Mystère
• 1994:Alegría
• 1996:Quidam
• 1998:O
• 1998:La Nouba
• 1999:Alegría (co-writer, director, producer)

• 1999
  • Music video forLara Fabian's song "Adagio"
• 2000:
  • Décrocher la lune,La Louvière, directed byLuc Petit
  • Opening ceremony ofEuro 2000
• 2001:
  • Chapeau Europa: Ceremony for the European Union Belgian Presidency inBrussels
• 2002:
  • Disney Cinema Parade, forDisneyland Paris^[6]
  • Décrocher la lune 2,La Louvière, directed byLuc Petit
  • Au fil de l’homme
• 2003:
  • A New Day..., forCéline Dion
• 2005:
  • Le Rêve, at theWynn Las Vegas
  • Ma tête est ailleurs, forSaule et les Pleureurs,Mons,Belgium
  • Zarabanda
• 2006:
  • Décrocher la lune 3,La Louvière, directed byLuc Petit
• 2007:
  • Carmen, the Musical,San Diego
  • Othello, passeur,Mons,Belgium
  • Fortissim’O,Vienna
• 2008:
  • Le Potager des visionnaires,Quebec, for the 400th birthday of Quebec City
• 2009:
  • KDO,Brussels
  • Décrocher la lune 4,La Louvière, directed byLuc Petit
• 2010:
  • 2010 South American Games opening show inMedellín,Colombia
  • The House of Dancing Water atCity of Dreams,Macau
• 2013:
  • Story of a Fort, Legacy of a Nation,Abu Dhabi
• 2014
  • The Han Show inWuhan,China^[30]
• 2015
  • Paris Merveilles atLe Lido inParis,France^[24][31]
  • The Dai Show inXishuangbanna,China^[32]
• 2017
  • La Perle atAl Habtoor City,Dubai
  • Я (Ya) forPhilipp Kirkorov

• 1985:La vente aux enchères, Cirque du Trottoir
• 1986:Eldorado, Compagnie des Mutants
• 1987:Les Communs des Mortels, a Compagnie du Campus and Collectif1984 coproduction
• 1987:Flic, Flac, Compagnie des Funambules (Belgium)
• 1987:La tête dans le si bémol, with Michel Dallaire and Pierre Lafontaine
• 1992:La ballade de l'homme gris, Compagnie du Campus
• 1993:Pomp, Duck, Circumstance,Düsseldorf
• 1996:Poussière du temps, Compagnie du Campus
• 2015:Paris Merveilles, cabaretLido de Paris
• 2016:Cagnasse tutto,Foja atTeatro di San Carlo,Naples^[33]

• (in French) Yves Vasseur,Franco Dragone: une part de rêve, ed. Luc Pire, 2006
• (in French) Yves Vasseur,Franco Dragone, une improbable odyssée, ed. Labor, 2002
• (in French) Franco Dragone, Claude Renard,Le Tailleur du Rêve, ed. Les Impressions Nouvelles, 2006

• (in French)Jacob Berger,Le Rêve, 2005: documentary series for Arte about Franco Dragone's work on the showLe Rêve
• (in French)Manu Bonmariage [fr],Looking For Dragone, 2009

• Official site of Dragone
• Franco Dragone atIMDb