Félix Malloum Ngakoutou Bey-Ndi (Arabic:فليكس معلومFiliks Mʿalūm; 10 September 1932 – 12 June 2009), better known asFélix Malloum, was aChadian military officer and politician who served as the second President of Chad from 1975 to 1978.

Félix Malloum
فليكس معلوم
2ndPresident of Chad
In office 15 April 1975 – 23 March 1979
Prime Minister	Hissène Habré
Vice President	Mamari Djime Ngakinar Hissène Habré
Preceded by	Noël Milarew Odingar
Succeeded by	Goukouni Oueddei
Personal details
Born	10 September 1932 Fort Archambault,French Chad
Died	12 June 2009(2009-06-12) (aged 76) Paris,France
Military service
Allegiance	France(1951–1960)  Chad(1960–1979)
Branch	French Army  Chadian Ground Forces
Service years	1951–1979
Rank	Brigadier general
Conflicts	First Indochina War First Chadian Civil War

A native of southern Chad, Malloum became a high-ranking officer in the Chadian military under the country's first president,François Tombalbaye. In the context of the firstChadian Civil War, he was arrested and imprisoned by Tombalbaye in 1972 after being suspected of plotting a coup. Following Tombalbaye's overthrow and assassination during the1975 Chadian coup d'état, he became the country's new president, inheriting the civil war againstnorthern rebels. In 1978, he integrated theforces of rebel leaderHissène Habré, who was appointed prime minister, into his military to fight against rival rebel leaderGoukouni Oueddei. Their alliance was short-lived, and Habré soon turned against Malloum in 1979. Under the terms of theKano Accord, Malloum resigned, while a newtransitional government was created using a power-sharing agreement between Habré and Goukouni. After spending 23 years in exile in Nigeria, he returned to Chad in 2002 and died in a hospital inFrance seven years later.

He attended the French military academy and saw action in Indochina and Algeria. He later served as an officer in theChadian Military and a member of the rulingChadian Progressive Party (PPT). In 1966 he marriedKhalié Brahim Djadarab, having a son with her.^[1] In 1971, he became the Chief of General Staff with the rank of colonel and named Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces in 1972. In July 1973, he was arrested and imprisoned by PresidentFrançois Tombalbaye on charges of conspiring against the government but was released after a successfulcoup-d'etat on 13 April 1975. He served as both President and Prime Minister ofChad until 29 August 1978, whenHissène Habré was appointedPrime Minister to integrate armed northern rebels into the government. However, he was unsuccessful and resigned from the presidency on 23 March 1979,^[2] after signing the Kano Peace Agreement which allowed the rebels to form a provisional government.^[3] He was related to the politicianKalthouma Nguembang, who was tortured by Tombalbaye's regime.^[4]

Malloum retired from politics and settled inNigeria. He returned to the ChadiancapitalN'Djamena on 31 May 2002, after 23 years inexile. Upon his return he was entitled to the various benefits allowed to former presidents; these benefits included a monthly stipend of 3,000,000CFA francs, a residence, and coverage of his health expenses, along with two vehicles and a driver.^[5]

Malloum died fromcardiac arrest aged 76 on 12 June 2009 at theAmerican Hospital in Paris, France.^[6][7]

• Country Study, Chad
• Tchadien.com(in French)