Dumnagual III (Welsh:Dyfnwal ap Tewdwr, died c. 760) was a king ofStrathclyde in the mid-eighth century (probably 754–760). According to theHarleian genealogies, he was the son ofTeudebur, one of his predecessors.[1]
According toSymeon of Durham, his kingdom was invaded by both KingÓengus I of thePicts and KingEadberht of Northumbria. The same source indicates that on August 1, 756, they arrived at Alt Clut (Dumbarton Rock, Dumnagual's capital) and obtained the homage of theBritons. However, nine days later, the Northumbrian king's army was destroyed while Eadberht was leading it between "Ouania" and "Niwanbirig",[2] probably meaning "Govan" and "Anglian Northumbria".[3] Dumnagual is usually regarded as the king of Alt Clut in the period, but it has also been suggested that the destroyer of the Northumbrian army was Óengus.[4] Phillimore's reconstruction of theAnnales Cambriae puts Dumnagual's death in battle at 760.[5] It is thought likely that the territory of Alt Clut remained under Pictish or joint Pictish and English control in the years following his death.[6] Dumnagual is the last British king of Alt Clut to be known as anything more than a name until the later ninth century.
References
edit- ^"Harleian genealogy of the Kings of Alt Clut".
- ^Symeon of Durham,Historia Regum Angliae, in T. Arnold (ed.)Symeonis Dunelmensis Opera Omnia, (Rolls Series, 1882), vol. ii, pp. 40-41; translated and quoted in Alan Orr Anderson,Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: AD 500–1286, (London, 1908), republished, Marjorie Anderson (ed.) (Stamford, 1991), p. 57.
- ^Govan is increasingly being accepted as the identification of Ouania, for a variety of historical and philological reasons; see Thomas Owen Clancy, "Govan, the Name, Again", inReport of the Society of Friends of Govan Old, 8 (1998), pp. 8-13; Kathryn Forsyth, "Evidence of a Lost Pictish source in theHistoria Regum Anglorum of Symeon of Durham", in Simon Taylor (ed.)Kings, Clerics, and Chronicles in Scotland, 500-1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday, (Dublin, 2000), pp. 19-32; Appendix by John Koch, pp. 33-4; Alex Woolf, "Onuist son of Uurguist:Tyrannus Carnifex or a David for the Picts", in David Hill & Margaret Worthington (eds.),Æthelbald and Off, Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia: Papers from a Conference held in Manchester in 2000, (Manchester, 2005), p. 38.
The English name Niwanbirig suggests a location in English-speaking Northumbria, perhaps one of the manyNewburghs there. - ^Alan MacQuarrie, "The Kings of Strathclyde", in A. Grant & K.Stringer (eds.)Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, Essays Presented to G.W.S. Barrow, (Edinburgh, 1993), p. 11.
- ^Annales Camrbiae, s.a. 760,here
- ^Alan MacQuarrie,loc. cit.
- Anderson, Alan Orr,Scottish Annals from English Chroniclers: AD 500–1286, (London, 1908), republished, Marjorie Anderson (ed.) (Stamford, 1991)
- Clancy, Thomas Owen, "Govan, the Name, Again", inReport of the Society of Friends of Govan Old, 8 (1998), pp. 8–13
- Forsyth, Kathryn, "Evidence of a Lost Pictish source in theHistoria Regum Anglorum of Symeon of Durham", in Simon Taylor (ed.)Kings, Clerics, and Chronicles in Scotland, 500-1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday, (Dublin, 2000), pp. 19–32; Appendix by John Koch, pp. 33–4.
- MacQuarrie, Alan, "The Kings of Strathclyde", in A. Grant & K.Stringer (eds.)Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, Essays Presented to G.W.S. Barrow, (Edinburgh, 1993), pp. 1–19
- Woolf, Alex, "Onuist son of Uurguist:Tyrannus Carnifex or a David for the Picts", in David Hill & Margaret Worthington (eds.),Æthelbald and Off, Two Eighth-Century Kings of Mercia: Papers from a Conference held in Manchester in 2000, (Manchester, 2005), pp. 35–42.
External links
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| Preceded by | King of Alt Clut 754–60 | Succeeded by |