Dot Records was an American record label founded byRandy Wood andGene Nobles that was active between 1950 and 1978. The original headquarters of Dot Records were inGallatin, Tennessee. In its early years, Dot specialized in artists from Tennessee. Then it branched out to include musicians from across the U.S. It recordedcountry music,rhythm and blues,polkas,waltzes,gospel,rockabilly,pop, and earlyrock and roll.

Dot Records
Parent company	Independent (1950–57) Paramount Pictures (1957–72) Gulf+Western (1966–74) Famous Music Group (1972–74) ABC Records (1974–78) MCA Records (1985–86) Universal Music Group (2014–17)
Founded	1950; 75 years ago (1950) (original) 2014; 11 years ago (2014) (revival)
Founder	Randy Wood Gene Nobles
Defunct	1978; 47 years ago (1978) (original) 2017; 8 years ago (2017) (revival)
Status	Defunct
Distributor(s)	Self-distributed (1950–68) Famous Music Group (1968–74) ABC Records (1974–78) MCA Records (1985–86) Big Machine Label Group (2014–17)
Genre	Various (early) Country (later)
Country of origin	U.S.
Location	Nashville, Tennessee

After moving to Hollywood in 1956, Dot Records bought many recordings by small local independent labels and issued them nationally. In 1957, Wood sold the label toParamount Pictures, but remained in charge until 1967, when he departed to joinLawrence Welk in the formation ofRanwood Records.

In 1968, the label was acquired as part of the acquisition of Paramount byGulf+Western, which transitioned it to recording exclusivelycountry music and placed it under the management ofFamous Music in 1971. Gulf+Western sold its labels toABC in 1974. Dot was renamed to ABC-Dot Records before closing in 1978.

The label was reactivated in 2014 through a joint venture betweenBig Machine Label Group and theRepublic Records unit ofUniversal Music Group (which owns the original Dot Records catalog). Based inNashville, Tennessee, the label was retired in 2017.

Dot's founder, Randy Wood, a veteran of theArmy duringWorld War II, settled inGallatin, Tennessee. There he started an appliance store named Randy's, and began carrying records as an afterthought in 1947. Wood initially carried records in the classical and popular genres, but found his customers were asking for records of such rhythm and blues artists asJoe Liggins,Roosevelt Sykes, andCecil Gant. They were staples of the playlist ofNashville'sCBS Radio affiliate,WLAC.

After discovering that their records were only available in limited quantities—and not in Gallatin—Wood formed a mail-order operation by placing a short advertisement with WLAC personalities"Hoss" Allen andGene Nobles. By 1950, his record sales had far surpassed that of the appliances he carried and he renamed his store Randy's Record Shop. As an extension, he formed a label named Randy's, which released "Gene Nobles' Boogie" by Richard Armstrong, and Record Shop Special, which had Gant on its roster.^[1]

After Wood purchased local radio stationWHIN, he and Nobles formed Dot, a more widely distributed label, whose first headquarters were in that station's building. Since WHIN broadcast only in the daytime, recording sessions were at night when the station was off the air.^[1]

One of the first artists he recorded was the youngJohnny Maddox, who packed records for him at his store, and whosehonky tonk piano style graced Dot Records for almost twenty years. Wood's roster of R&B artists includedIvory Joe Hunter,Joe Liggins,the Four Dots, the Big Three Trio,Brownie McGhee,Shorty Long,the Counts, and theGriffin Brothers, who had a number one R&B hit with "Weepin' & Cryin'" (with vocal by Tommy Brown) in 1951. His country artists includedMac Wiseman, who had hits with "The Ballad of Davy Crockett" and "Jimmy Brown the Newsboy", and, more famously,Jimmy "C." Newman, who scored many hits on the label (the biggest being "Cry, Cry, Darling") before leaving forMGM Records in 1958. Wood also recorded such gospel artists as the Fairfield 4, the Gateway Quartet, the Golden Voice Trio, Rosa Shaw, Joe Warren, the Singing Stars, and the Brewsteraires.^[1]

Dot's first major pop act wasThe Hilltoppers, whose hits included "P.S. I Love You" and "Trying"; when lead singerBilly Vaughn hit #2 with a revival ofWayne King's "Melody of Love", he left the group to become the label's main musical director.^[1]

Wood, seeing the demand for rhythm and blues recordings among white audiences, in 1955, hired a number of vocalists to do pop-oriented covers of tunes popular in the genre. The most notable artist who performed that function for Dot wasPat Boone, who outsold the original recordings ofthe Charms' "Two Hearts",Fats Domino's "Ain't It a Shame" (which was changed to the slightly more grammatically correct "Ain't That a Shame"),the Five Keys' "Gee Whittakers!",Little Richard's "Tutti Frutti" and "Long Tall Sally",the El Dorados' "At My Front Door", and Ivory Joe Hunter's "I Almost Lost My Mind". Boone in the late spring of 1956 opted to switch to original material in theBing Crosby/Frank Sinatra tradition.

Other notable artists who did R&B covers for Dot includedthe Fontane Sisters (who coveredthe Jewels' "Hearts of Stone",the Teen Queens' "Eddie My Love",the Drifters' "Adorable", the Marigolds' "Rollin' Stone", and Fats Domino's "Please Don't Leave Me"),Snooky Lanson (with covers of the Jacks' "Why Don't You Write Me" and the Dream Weavers' "It's Almost Tomorrow"), and actressGale Storm (with covers ofFrankie Lymon's "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" andSmiley Lewis' "I Hear You Knocking". (This last was revived byDave Edmunds in 1970).^[1]

In 1956, Dot also made a noteworthy contribution to theEasy Listening genre by releasing a recording of popular music arranged byJohn Serry (Squeeze Play, DLP-3024, 1956).^[2][3][4]

In late 1956, Wood signedWarner Bros. starTab Hunter to a record contract after Chicago disc jockey Howard Miller suggested to Wood that he might want to sign Hunter, who was enormously popular and had just packed a stage show in Chicago with screaming girls. Wood asked if Hunter could sing, but Miller replied, "I don't know, it doesn't matter, I guess." Tab Hunter was the first to tell Wood that he could not sing a note. However, after giving Hunter theRic Cartey tune "Young Love", Wood told producer Milt Rogers to repeatedly teach Hunter how to sing it until he finally reached the point where he could. The record topped the charts in 1957; Dot's release of a follow-up record from Hunter ("Ninety-Nine Ways") frustrated Warner Bros. chiefJack L. Warner, who retaliated by formingWarner Bros. Records and placing Hunter on the label as its first artist.^[5]

In 1957, Wood sold the label toParamount Pictures,^[1] but he remained president for another decade. Dot (and Wood) then moved to Hollywood, where the label began to releasesoundtrack albums, includingElmer Bernstein's score forThe Ten Commandments (1956),^[6] a 2-LP set that played longer than the usual record album.

Remakes were commonplace at Dot in the 1960s, with the label having artists such asTony Martin,Jo Stafford,Vaughn Monroe,Gene Austin,Jimmie Rodgers,the Andrews Sisters,Debbie Reynolds andEddie Fisher re-record their old hits at various times; in 1968, Dot issued a various-artists album devoted to remakes of these artists' million-sellers.^[1]

During the late 1950s and 1960s, Wood would re-enter the rock and roll market by licensing material from independent producers. Most of his acquisitions charted and became major hits, including leases of Sanford Clark's "The Fool" from producerLee Hazlewood, Bonnie Guitar's "Dark Moon" from Fabor Records, the Del-Vikings' "Come Go with Me" from Fee-Bee Records, Jimmie Dee and the Offbeats' "Henrietta" from Bob Tanner's TNT Records, Robin Luke's "Susie Darlin'" from Bertram International Records,^[1]Lonnie Donegan's "Does Your Chewing Gum Lose Its Flavour (On the Bedpost Overnight?)" fromPye Records,the Chantays' "Pipeline" from Downey Records,the Surfaris' "Wipe Out" from the Princess label, andthe Fireballs' "Sugar Shack" from producerNorman Petty.^[1] The label's success on the pop charts would be negatively impacted by the success ofThe Beatles and the subsequentBritish Invasion, and there were times, between 1964 and 1967, when it could not place a song on theBillboard Hot 100 or theBubbling Under Hot 100 chart or both of the two charts.^[1]

Pat Boone had further success in the 1960s, registering a #1 hit in 1961 with "Moody River", then coming back in 1962 with a #6 hit with "Speedy Gonzales". He was one of the Big Three Dot album sellers of the 1960s, along with Billy Vaughn andLawrence Welk, whose orchestra members, such asMyron Floren,Jo Ann Castle,Joe Feeney andBob Ralston, released records alongside him in the 1960s. Welk and Vaughn in particular regularly appeared in the album top-twenty.Johnny Maddox, banjo playerEddie Peabody,Steve Allen,Louis Prima,Keely Smith,the Mills Brothers and organistsEddie Baxter andGeorge Wright made many albums for Dot as well.^[1] Known for artist loyalty, many of these artists stayed with Dot for over a decade, partly because Wood had a reputation for fairmindedness. His label was not impacted by any of the record industry scandals of the 1950s and Wood told a 1959 congressional hearing on payola that his books were open^[1]

Hamilton Records, a subsidiary, was founded in 1958 for rockabilly and rhythm & blues. It also functioned as a venue for albums by their regular roster of artists that could be retailed for $1.98, since all or most of the material featured on them was in the public domain, thereby obviating the need to pay song royalties. It distributedSteed Records and the only two records fromCarnival, owned byHerb Alpert andJerry Moss. Two other subsidiary labels were created: Crystalette Records and Acta Records. In 1967, Dot picked up distribution ofDynoVoice, owned byBob Crewe, fromBell Records. Later in 1967, Randy Wood left Dot to foundRanwood Records with Welk.

Two years after Paramount was purchased byGulf and Western in 1968, Dot was rebranded as a country music label, a move which revitalized the label's chart presence, albeit on theHot Country Songs chart instead of theHot 100. Country artists on the label includedFreddy Fender,Roy Clark,Barbara Mandrell,Billy "Crash" Craddock,Narvel Felts,the Oak Ridge Boys,Don Williams,Tommy Overstreet,John Wesley Ryles,Johnny Carver,Donna Fargo,Red Steagall,Ray Price,Joe Stampley,Buck Trent, Sue Richards,Eddy Raven,Diana Trask,Ray Griff,Ray Pillow,Doug Sahm (formerly of theSir Douglas Quintet),Joe Barry, andFreddy Weller (formerly ofPaul Revere & the Raiders).^[1] During the transition, Dot's pop back catalog was deleted and was transferred to the newly foundedParamount label.^[1]

In 1971, Gulf and Western placed Dot under the umbrella of theFamous Music Group,^[7] which includedParamount Records,Stax (until 1970), andBlue Thumb, with distribution ofSire (now owned byWarner Music Group) andNeighborhood, originally owned byMelanie Safka. By 1968, Lawrence Welk had acquired his portion of the Dot back catalog and subsequently reissued the material on his own Ranwood label.^[8]

With the rest of the Famous Music Group, in 1974, Dot was bought byABC, which had tried to purchase the label years before, and renamed it to ABC/Dot Records, a name it retained before the label was discontinued at the start of 1978.^[9] The ABC/Dot headquarters became theNashville office of ABC Records.

ABC Records was then sold toMCA Records in 1979. MCA's Nashville division briefly revived the Dot label in 1985–86 for a series of one-off albums by country music artists such asJan Howard,Jeanne Pruett,Jim Ed Brown andthe Browns,Carl Perkins,Billie Jo Spears,Porter Wagoner, andTompall Glaser.^[11]

The merger of the MCA Records and PolyGram Records families became the foundation forUniversal Music Group in 1999. Currently, the Dot pop music catalog is managed by Universal Music'sGeffen Records. The country back catalog is managed by the former Decca andCoral unit, which was rebranded asMCA Nashville, except for those by Roy Clark and Hank Thompson (owned by their respective estates).

Randy Wood died at age 94 in his La Jolla, California, home on April 9, 2011, from complications after a fall.

Big Machine Records revived the Dot Records name for a new label in March 2014.^[12][13] The label's first signees includedMaddie and Tae,^[14]Drake White,^[15] andSteven Tyler.^[16] Big Machine discontinued the label in 2017.

(**indicates a master purchase/lease from another record company)

• List of record labels
• Dot Records artists

• The Dot Records Story
• Singles discography
• Billy Vaughn & Dot recording stars (interviewed 2.22.1968) on thePop Chronicles (audio).
• Dot Records on the Internet Archive'sGreat 78 Project