David Richard Gress (born 29 January 1953) is aDanishhistorian, known for his 1998 surveyFrom Plato to Nato onWestern identity andgrand narratives.

He was born inCopenhagen, the son ofR. W. B. Lewis, an American literary historian, and the Danish writer, playwright and essayistElsa Gress. The two were not married, which is why Gress uses his mother's maiden name. She subsequently married the American painterCharles Clifford Wright.^[1]

He attended Sorø Akademis Skole.^{[citation needed]} He was later educated in Classics atCambridge University, England, andBryn Mawr College, Pennsylvania, where he received his Ph.D. in medieval history in 1981. From 1982 to 1992 he was a fellow of theHoover Institution at Stanford University, publishing articles and books on international strategy, the West German peace movement, U.S. foreign policy, Nordic politics, and a history of West Germany. From 1993 to 1995 he was visiting fellow atGonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and lecturer in international history there. From 1996 to 1999 he was a fellow at theDanish Institute of International Affairs and from 1999 to 2001 assistant professor of Classics at theUniversity of Aarhus, Denmark. In 2001-03 he was professor of the history of civilizations at Boston University and has since 2003 been based in Denmark, where he continues to publish articles and books in political philosophy, the origins of Western prosperity, contemporary history and political culture. He is a well-known face in the public debate ofDenmark.^{[citation needed]}

He has been a fellow of the Danish Institute of International Affairs and director of theCenter for Studies on America and the West at theForeign Policy Research Institute,Philadelphia. As of 2004^[update] he has been a columnist in the Danish daily newspaperJyllands-Posten. David Gress is also a frequently used media commentator, and a senior fellow of the Danish think tankCEPOS.^{[citation needed]}

In his first book, 'Demokrati eller?' Gress provided a justification ofliberal democracy. It included a defense of ecological production, something that Gress has since disavowed. His doctoral dissertation was a critical edition of a 13th-century papal biography. 'Peace and Survival' was a philosophical and political history and critique of thepacifist mentality, with particular reference to theWest German peace movement, which in his view was surrendering to Soviet power. Apart from various shorter works on Nordic politics and U.S. foreign policy, his next major work followed on from 'Peace and Survival' to provide a political, social, and economic history of theFederal Republic of Germany. The first edition appeared in the fall of 1989, a French edition in 1992 and a second in English in 1993; these included a survey of theunification of Germany and a look back at thehistory of East Germany.^{[citation needed]}

From Plato to Nato was, amongst other things, an intervention in thecampus culture wars, explaining that the narrative model of 'The West', in the general style ofWill Durant, had become threadbare. His proposed replacement marked him as, in general terms, aBurkeanconservative. He argued that 'The West' was in operative terms much more of a complex compound of elements he identified as 'Old West', ofRoman andGermanic provenance, with modernAdam Smith economics, than a pure play onthe Enlightenment philosophy. The book's development is complex and somewhat muddied by the wish also to be inclusive of other conservative views.Norman Davies, aPolish history specialist critical of incoherent definitions of Europe viewed from theAtlantic end, has lent some support to the outline thesis.^{[citation needed]}

Gress has further identified the campus debates as a target, with an attack onMartin Bernal and other interventions in U.S. and British journals of opinion.^{[citation needed]}

From 2003 to 2012 he published mostly in Danish, including two books and numerous articles, reviews, and comments in Danish daily newspapers, chieflyJyllands-Posten, but from 2009 alsoPolitiken. One, more polemical, focus has been criticism of the Nordicwelfare state andenvironmental policy, another has been periodic surveys of international publications and research on U.S. politics and society, history, and religion. He has been one of the most outspoken Danishopponents of thescientific consensus on climate change, and has accordingly received heavy criticism by Danish scientists.^{[citation needed]}

• "Demokrati eller?" (1978)
• "Gesta Innocentii III: Introduction, Text and Commentary" (1981) doctoral dissertation
• "Peace and Survival" (1985)
• "A History of West Germany" (1989) withDennis L. Bark; French edition 1992, second English edition 1993
• "From Plato to NATO: The Idea of the West and Its Opponents" (1998)
• "Det bedste guld - en bog om frihed" ('The best gold - a book on freedom') (2005)
• "Velstandens kilder" ('The Origins of Wealth', in cooperation withCEPOS) (2007)
• "Egne veje" ('Own paths'), memoirs (2011)

• David Gress' website