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Chitradurga district | |
|---|---|
     Clockwise from top-left:Chitradurga Fort, Nayakanahatti temple,Teru Malleshwara Temple atHiriyur,Vani Vilasa Sagara, inHosadurga. | |
 Interactive map of Chitradurga district | |
| Coordinates:14°00′N76°30′E / 14.00°N 76.50°E /14.00; 76.50 | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Karnataka |
| Division | Bangalore Division |
| Headquarters | Chitradurga |
| Talukas | Challakere Chitradurga Hiriyur Holalkere Hosdurga Molakalmuru |
| Government | |
| • Deputy Commissioner | Shri. Venkatesh T. (IAS) |
| • Member of Parliament | Govind Karjol |
| • Superintendent of Police | Ranjith Kumar Bandaru, I.P.S. |
| Area | |
• Total | 8,440 km2 (3,260 sq mi) |
| Elevation (Highest) | 1,094 m (3,589 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 1,659,456 |
| • Density | 197/km2 (509/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Kannada |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 577 501, 502, 577524 |
| Telephone code | + 91 (8194) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-KA-CT |
| Vehicle registration | Chitradurga KA-16 |
| Sex ratio | 1.047♂/♀ |
| Literacy | 73.82% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Chitradurga Lok Sabha constituency |
| Precipitation | 522 millimetres (20.6 in) |
| Website | chitradurga |
Chitradurga district is an administrative district ofKarnataka state in south-western India.[2] Thecity of Chitradurga is the district headquarters. Chitradurga city gets its name from 'Chitrakaldurga', meaning 'picturesque castle' in Kannada.
Chitradurga district has been inhabited since at least neolithic period as per archeologists.[3] A rock carving of Emperor Ashoka near Bharamagiri provides evidence that the district was part of the Mauryan Empire.
Subsequently, the region was under the rule of the Shathavahanas, Kadambas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, and Hoysalas. A boulder engraving near village Chandravalli mentions Kadamba King Mayurasaram.[3][4]
The Nayakas, also known as Palegars, are most well associated with the district due to their significant historical presence. The Nayaka period began around the late 16th century. Ther were local chiefs, who were governed under the Vijayanagara Empire, became independent after the fall of the empire and established a stronghold in Chitradurga. A notable Nayaka was Bharamappa Nayaka (1689–1721), considered "the greatest of the Nayaka rulers" for his military victories and resistance to Mughal incursions. The final ruler, Madakari Nayaka V (1758–1779), was known for his leadership and diplomacy between the Maratha Empire and Hyder Ali of Mysore. Later, he also resisted multiple sieges by Hyder Ali, but the fort ultimately fell in 1779. During the last siege, Onake Obavva, the wife of a fort guard, single-handedly defended a secret passage against enemy entry. She became known for her heroic act and is regarded as a symbol of Chitradurga.
The fort was subsequently expanded by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan before coming under the control of the Royal Mysore family after Tipu Sultan's defeat by the British.
It is believed that the few natural formation are attributed to link to Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Tradition dates Chitradurga District to the period of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. The whole district lies in the valley of the Vedavati River, with the Tungabhadra River flowing in the northwest. During the British times it was named Chitaldroog. The district was practically ruled by all the well known dynasties that ruled Karnataka. A historical places like Jain basadi of Heggere, a pilgrimage centre for Jain's in district.
| Religion | Per cent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 91.63% | |||
| Islam | 7.76% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.61% | |||
According to the2011 census Chitradurga district has apopulation of 1,659,456,[6] roughly equal to the nation ofGuinea-Bissau[7] or the US state ofIdaho.[8] This gives it a ranking of 297th in India (out of a total of640).[6] The district has a population density of 197 inhabitants per square kilometre (510/sq mi).[6] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 9.39%.[6] Chitradurga has asex ratio of 969females for every 1000 males,[6] and aliteracy rate of 73.82%. 19.86% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 23.45% and 18.23% of the population respectively.[6]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 354,308 | — |
| 1911 | 393,953 | +1.07% |
| 1921 | 408,588 | +0.37% |
| 1931 | 462,953 | +1.26% |
| 1941 | 505,565 | +0.88% |
| 1951 | 588,497 | +1.53% |
| 1961 | 741,344 | +2.34% |
| 1971 | 899,257 | +1.95% |
| 1981 | 1,089,304 | +1.94% |
| 1991 | 1,312,717 | +1.88% |
| 2001 | 1,517,896 | +1.46% |
| 2011 | 1,659,456 | +0.90% |
| source:[9] | ||
At the time of the 2011 census, 83.33% of the population spokeKannada, 7.33%Urdu, 5.39%Telugu and 2.29%Lambadi as their first language.[11]
In 2006 theMinistry of Panchayati Raj named Chitradurga one of the country's 250most backward districts (out of a total of640).[12] It is one of the five districts in Karnataka currently receiving funds from theBackward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[12]
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.m.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding missing information.(April 2023) |
Guinea-Bissau 1,596,677 July 2011 est.
Idaho 1,567,582
District HQ:Chitradurga | |
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