Cape Crillon (Russian:Мыс Крильон,Japanese:西能登呂岬 "Nishinotoro-misaki" (Cape Nishinotoro in Japanese),45°54′N142°05′E / 45.900°N 142.083°E /45.900; 142.083) is the southernmost point ofSakhalin. The cape was named by FrenchmanJean-François de La Pérouse, who was the first European to discover it.Cape Sōya, in Japan, is located 43 kilometres (27 mi) to the south, acrossLa Pérouse Strait.

Cape Crillon Мыс Крильон
Cape
Extrimity of the cape
Cape Crillon
Coordinates:45°54′00″N142°05′00″E / 45.90000°N 142.08333°E /45.90000; 142.08333
Location	Sakhalin Oblast,Russian Far East Russia
Offshore water bodies	Pacific Ocean

A Russianweather station, alighthouse and amilitary base are all situated at Cape Crillon today. Additionally, the cape is the Russian terminus of the proposedSakhalin–Hokkaido Tunnel that would connect Japan and Russia by rail.

On the western coast of the cape is the rock formation formerly known in Japanese asKinfugan (金敷岩, literally "Anvil Rock").

In 1808,Mamiya Rinzō was dispatched by theTokugawa shogunate to survey Japanese territory on Sakhalin. Having arrived at theMatsumae domain outpost ofShiranushi on the southern tip of Cape Crillon, he was directed by localAinu to a place calledKogohau (コゞハウ) where the remains oframmed earth walls were found.^[1]

By the early 20th century, the ruins had come to be known as the Shiranushi Earthen Castle (白主土城,Shiranushi dojō). In 1905, there were discovered Matsumae documents suggesting the castle had been built byImai Kanehira.^[2]

Current archaeological evidence indicates the castle was a colonial product of theYuan dynasty. According to theYuanshi, the general Yangwuludai (楊兀魯帶) crossed the sea and established frontier garrisons on Sakhalin.^[3]

• Cape Elizabeth (Sakhalin)
• Mongol invasions of Sakhalin