Cape Ann is a rocky peninsula innortheastern Massachusetts on the Atlantic Ocean. It is about 30 miles (48 km) northeast ofBoston and marks the northern limit ofMassachusetts Bay. Cape Ann includes the city ofGloucester and the towns ofEssex,Manchester-by-the-Sea andRockport.

Cape Ann
Region ofMassachusetts
May 2008 aerial view of Cape Ann in Massachusetts.Gloucester and its harbor are visible to the upper right, andManchester-by-the-Sea is at center, just west of Singing Beach.
Etymology:Anne of Denmark
Cape Ann
Coordinates:42°38′56″N70°35′33″W / 42.6488°N 70.5926°W /42.6488; -70.5926
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts

During the summer of 1606, French explorer Samuel de Champlain visited Cape Ann for the second time. He came ashore in Gloucester and drew a map of the Gloucester harbor, naming it as le Beau port. Eight years later, English CaptainJohn Smith named the area around GloucesterCape Tragabigzanda, after a woman whom he met while in Turkey as a prisoner of war.^[1] He had been taken as a prisoner of war andenslaved in the Ottoman Empire before escaping.^[2]

Smith presented his map toCharles I and suggested that Charles should feel free to change any of the "barbarous names" into English ones. The king made many such changes, but only four survive today. One was Cape Ann, which Charles named in honor of his motherAnne of Denmark.^[3][4]

Prior to the arrival of European settlers, Cape Ann was a home for indigenous people.The English colony at Cape Ann was first founded in 1623. It was the fourth colonizing effort inNew England afterPopham Colony,Plymouth Colony andNantasket Beach. Two ships of theDorchester Company brought 32 in number with John Tylly andThomas Gardner as overseers of a fishing operation and the plantation, respectively. At the Cape Ann settlement a legal form of government was established, and from that Massachusetts Bay Colony sprang.Roger Conant was the governor under the Cape Ann patent, and as such, has been called the first governor of Massachusetts.^[5][6]

This colony predated Massachusetts Bay charter and colony. For that reason, members of the colony were referred to as "old planters". The firstGreat House in New England was built on Cape Ann by the planters. This house was dismantled on the orders of John Endecott in 1628 and moved toSalem to serve as his "governor's" house.^[7] When Higginson arrived in Salem, he wrote that "we found a faire house newly built for the Governor" which was remarkable for being two stories high.^[8]

By 1634 the name of Cape Ann was already established, as it is mentioned and depicted on maps in William Wood'sNew England's Prospect first published in that year.

OnNovember 18, 1755, Cape Ann was the land nearest the offshore epicenter of an earthquake, which is extremely rare for Massachusetts. There were no seismographs at that time; but, based on available data, the tremor was estimated at magnitude 6.5. It caused serious damage in the Boston area, but no casualties.^{[citation needed]}

By the mid-1800s, Cape Ann was known for its specialization ingranite production, specifically in creating paving blocks for roads and streets and were used across theUnited States fromNew York toSan Francisco.^[9]

Cape Ann became a thriving center of activity for artists in the 19th century, including theRocky Neck Art Colony in Gloucester.Fitz Henry Lane who began his career in Gloucester as a lithographer developed a distinctive style for his marine paintings known asluminism. TheCape Ann Museum has a significant collection of paintings by local artists who reached national prominence. Later in the 19th and early 20th century, American Impressionists were attracted toRockport such as marine landscapistHarry Aiken Vincent who arrived in 1916 and helped to form theRockport Art Association.^[10] The region continues to provide a base for many galleries and working artists.

The entirety of Cape Ann lies withinEssex County. Anchored by the city ofGloucester, the nexus of the localfishing industry, other towns on Cape Ann includeRockport, at the tip of the cape, and the towns ofEssex andManchester-by-the-Sea, which are located where Cape Ann joins the mainland.

At the end of Cape Ann, and splitting Gloucester into two parts, is theAnnisquam River. Many locals who live in Gloucester and Rockport refer to the land east of the Annisquam as "The Island".^[11]

Cape Ann is the subject of the folk song 'Cape Ann', which may have been written by Maine-based folk singerGordon Bok. It describes a sailor and his negative feelings towards both Cape Ann and the sailors who sail around it.^[12] It has been recorded by musicians such asThe Irish Rovers,Gordon Bok, and The X-Seaman's Institute (formed as part of theSouth Street Seaport).^[13]

Cape Ann is the location of the fictional town of Sea Harbor, the setting of theSeaside Knitters mysteries by author Sally Goldenbaum. Sea Harbor is on the coast, with Gloucester as its nearest neighbor town. Cape Ann is also featured as the setting for theHarry Chapin song "Dogtown," which is also the name for anabandoned town on the Cape.

The fictional "Gloucester Island" in 1966Cold War comedy filmThe Russians Are Coming the Russians Are Coming is located off Cape Ann and was named for the city of Gloucester.^{[citation needed]}

The bookSlaughterhouse Five mentions Cape Ann as the honeymoon location for the main characterBilly Pilgrim.

The movieThe Perfect Storm was filmed in Gloucester in 2000.^[14] Setting out for the one last catch that will make up for a lackluster fishing season, Captain Billy Tyne (George Clooney) pushes his boat, theAndrea Gail, out to the waters of the Flemish Cap off Nova Scotia; based on actual events in 1991.

Cape Ann is also the location of main character's home in the bookTrouble.

Cape Ann is the title of the fifth and final section of T. S. Eliot's poem, "Landscapes," which lists the coastal birds of the region.^[15] Additionally, the title of his poemThe Dry Salvages refers to a cluster of rocks "off the N.E. coast of Cape Ann, Massachusetts."^[16]

The fictional town of Paradise, setting of theJesse Stone novels, is near Cape Ann, which is briefly mentioned inNight and Day.

Cape Ann lends its name to a fictional coastal Maine town in the 1959 movie, "It Happened to Jane," starring Doris Day and Jack Lemmon.

• City of Gloucester website
• Town of Rockport (official site)
• Cape Ann photos