Cameron is a parish in eastFife, Scotland, 3½ miles south-west ofSt Andrews.^[1]

Cameron
Cameron Location withinFife
Population	415
OS grid reference	NO4845011646
Council area	Fife
Lieutenancy area	Fife
Country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Leven, St Andrews
Postcode district	KY9 and KY16
Police	Scotland
Fire	Scottish
Ambulance	Scottish
UK Parliament	North East Fife
Scottish Parliament	North East Fife
List of places UK Scotland 56°17′40″N2°50′04″W / 56.294437°N 2.8344780°W /56.294437; -2.8344780

It is bounded on the north by the parish of St Andrews, on the east byDunino, on the south byCarnbee andKilconquhar, and on the west byCeres. From east to west it is 5 – 6 miles long and in breadth about 4 miles.^[2]

The earliest forms of the name are from the twelfth century and appear asCambrun. The etymology of the name is uncertain: it may derive fromPictish,Scottish Gaelic, or be a Gaelicised Pictish name. The first element could thus be Gaeliccam or its Pictish cognate *cam (both meaning 'crooked'), and the second element could be a Pictish word *brun, cognate with Welshbryn ('hill'), or Gaelicbruinne ('chest, front, breast') or perhapsbrú ('belly'). The later development of the name was influenced by the widespread Scottish personal nameCameron (from Gaeliccam shròn 'crooked nose').^[3]

It contains the hamlets ofLathones, Denhead (first mentioned in 1581, from Scotsden, 'steep valley', andheid, 'head or end', thus 'the end of the steep valley')^[4] and Radernie (first mentioned in 1329, from Gaelicràth 'ring-fort' and an uncertain second element, possibly Gaelicàirne 'sloe',feàrnach 'alder', orÈirinn 'Ireland').^[5][6]

The civil parish has a population of 415^[7] and its area is 9325 acres.^[1] It is also a Community Council area. The number of community councillors to which each area is entitled is determined by population and Cameron is therefore entitled to eight councillors.^[8][9]

Cameron was originally part of the parish of St Andrews, but was erected into a separate parish in 1645 by act of parliament and the first minister of the parish, George Nairne, was inducted in 1646.^[2] With theLocal Government (Scotland) Act 1894 the Parish Council was established. It ceased in 1930 when parish councils in Scotland were abolished,^[10] but civil parishes persist for census and other non-administrative purposes.

The church is nearly in the centre of the parish, just north of Cameron Burn as its leavesCameron Reservoir. It was built in 1808 to a plain design, replacing the old church on the same site which was in a very ruinous state. The church is covered in blue slate, with a belfry on the west gable.^[2][11] Ecclesiastically the parish is now linked to the parish of St. Leonards in the town of St Andrews, with the minister covering both churches.^[12]

The most significant mansion in the parish is that of Mount Melville, former residence of the Melville family, which lies just inside the northern boundary of the parish.^[2] It was acquired in 1698 for General George Melville of Strathkiness^[13] and the present house was constructed in 1820-1821.^[14] The house and grounds continued in Melville family ownership until 1901. In 1947 Mount Melville house and gardens were acquired by Fife County Council with the mansion becoming a maternity hospital known as Craigtoun Hospital. The gardens were then established asCraigtoun Country Park.

During the 19th century, the burgh of St Andrews implemented several poorly planned schemes to provide a public water supply to the town, but problems were resolved in 1911 when they built Cameron reservoir, in the centre of the parish, which supplied water to St Andrews from then^[15] until the early 2020s.