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Barakzai

Bārakzai (Pashto:بارکزی,romanized: Bārakzay, plur.بارکزي,Bārakzī) is the name of aPashtun tribe from present-dayKandahar,Afghanistan. '"Barakzai" is a common name among the Pashtuns and it means "son ofBarak" in Pashto.[1] According to the Encyclopædia Iranica, "In the detailed Pashtun genealogies there are no fewer than seven instances of the ethnic name Bārakzī, at very different levels of tribal segmentation. Six of them designate simple lineages within six different tribes located in the Solaymān mountains or adjacent lands... The seventh instance, on the other hand, designates one of the most important Pashtun tribes in numbers and historic role, part of theZīrak branch of theDorrānay confederation.[2]

Barakzai
بارکزئ
EthnicityPashtun
LocationAfghanistan,Iran
Populationseveral millions
BranchesMohammadzai,Sherzai,Achakzai
LanguagePashto,Dari
ReligionIslam

History

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Ludwig W. Adamec wrote that the Barakzai are "an important section of the Zirak branch of the Durrani to which the former Barakzai/Muhammadzai ruling family belongs. In numbers, economic, and political strength, the Barakzai were the paramount tribe of Afghanistan...They were soldiers in the service of Nadir Shah, founder of the short-lived Afsharid dynasty in Iran, and were settled on land seized from the Ghilzai. They continued to hold jagirs, fiefs, in exchange for their military services to Ahmad Shah Durrani. When Painda Khan, leader of the Barakzais, was assassinated, the Barakzai chiefs under Dost Muhammad ousted and replaced theSadozai dynasty. The Barakzai continue to possess large areas of agricultural land and extensive flocks in the area between Herat and Kandahar."[3]

 
Pedigree of thePayendah Khel Pashtun clan of Afghanistan.
 
Genealogy of the rulers ofAfghanistan from theBarakzai dynasty.[4]

Mohammadzai

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Mohammadzai are the most prominent & powerful sub-tribe of Barakzai, they belong to theZirak branch of theDurrani confederacy, and are primarily centered aroundKandahar. They can also be found in other provinces throughout Afghanistan as well across the border in the Pakistan's Balochistan Province.

TheMusahiban, originally the Yahya Khel clan,[5] are descendants ofSultan Mohammad Khan.Mohammadzai Barakzai are closely related toAmanullah Khan.

Dynasty

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From 1826 to 1978, most rulers of Afghanistan belonged to the two branches of oneBarakzai dynasty descending from the chiefs of the Barakzai tribe (belonging to theMohammadzai sub-tribe).[6]

Languages

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The principal language of Barakzai isPashto.Dari is also used as the language for records and correspondence.[7][8][9]

Noteables

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See also

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References

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  1. ^Martin, Mike (2014).An Intimate War: An Oral History of the Helmand Conflict, 1978-2012. Oxford University Press. p. 321.ISBN 978-0199387984. Retrieved26 July 2016.In Pushtun folklore, Barak, Alak and Popol were brothers who went their separate ways to found tribes in their own namesake with the addition of the—zai (son of) suffix, for example, Barakzai.
  2. ^Balland, D."BĀRAKZĪ".Encyclopædia Iranica (Online ed.). United States:Columbia University.
  3. ^Adamec, Ludwig W. (2011).Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan 4th revised edition. Scarecrow Press. p. 81.ISBN 978-0810878150. Retrieved26 July 2016.
  4. ^Adamec, Ludwig W. (1975). "Genealogies of Afghan Families".Historical and political who's who of Afghanistan. Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt.ISBN 978-3-201-00921-8.
  5. ^Saikal, Amin (2004).Modern Afghanistan: A History of Struggle and Survival. B. Tauris. pp. 47–49.ISBN 978-1850434375. Retrieved31 May 2016.
  6. ^Afghanistan – Ethnic Groups
  7. ^Pakistan and the emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan By Rizwan Hussain Page 16
  8. ^page 64 India and Central Asia By J. N. Roy, J.N. Roy And B.B. Kumar, Astha Bharati (Organization)
  9. ^Study of the Pathan Communities in Four States of India[usurped],Khyber.org (retrieved 30 January 2008)

External links

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