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Bahun

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Bahun (Nepali:बाहुन), also known asHill Brahmins,[3] are aBrahminvarna among theKhas ofNepal. They are a sub-caste of theKanyakubja Brahmin[4][5][6] while their origins are fromKannauj[7] and the Himalayan belt of South Asia. According to the2011 Nepal census, Bahun is the second most populous group afterChhetri.[8]

Khas Bahun
Bahun
Regions with significant populations
   Nepal3,292,373 (11.2% of Nepal's population) (2021)[1]
Languages
Nepali (Khas-Kura)
Religion
Hinduism 99.56% (2011),Christianity 0.31% (2011)[2]
Related ethnic groups
Chhetri,Thakuri and otherKhas people

According to 1854Muluki Ain, the first Nepalese civil code, Bahuns were regarded as caste amongsacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) andtwice-born Hindus.[9]

Origin

Further information:Khas people

Traditionally, Bahuns were members of theKhas community togetherChhetris.[10] Possibly due to political power of theKhasa Malla kingdom, Khas Brahmins and Khas Kshatriyas[11] had high social status in the present-day western Nepal.[10] Bahuns, regarded as upper class Khas group together withChhetris, were associated mostly with theGorkha Kingdom and itsexpansion.[12][12][13]

Demography

According to the2011 Nepal census, Bahuns (referred as Hill-Brahmin) are the second most populous group after Khas Chhetri with 12.2% of Nepal's population (or 3,226,903 people).[14] Bahun are the second largestHindu group in Nepal with a population of 3,212,704 (99.6% of Bahuns).[14] Bahuns are the largest group in 15 districts in Nepal:Jhapa,Morang,Kathmandu,Chitwan,Nawalparasi,Rupandehi,Kaski,Syangja,Parbat,Gulmi andArghakhanchi. Among these, Bahuns inParbat (35.7%),Arghakhanchi (32.8%),Dhading (30.9%),Chitwan (28.6%),Kaski (27.8%) andGulmi (25.2%) consist more than 25% of the district population.Kathmandu has largest Bahun population with 410,126 people (23.5%).[14]

Bahuns have the highestcivil service representation with 39.2% of Nepal's bureaucracy while having only 12.1% of Nepal's total population. The civil service representation to population ratio is 3.2 times for Bahuns which is fourth in Nepal. khas/Chhetris represent 1.6 times in civil services to their percentage of population, which is the highest in Nepal.[15] As per thePublic Service Commission, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs inF.Y. 2017-18 even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, indigenous and ethnic minorities, Madhesis, dalits, people with disability and those from the backward regions.[16] Similarly, in the fiscal 2018–19, Bahuns (24.87%) and Chhetris (9.63%) maintained 35% of their proportion in civil service as per Public Service Commission.[17]

Geographic distribution

According to the2021 Nepal census, 3,292,373 people (11.29%) of the population of Nepal are Bahun (Hill Brahmins).[18] The frequency of Bahun (Hill Brahmins) by province was as follows:

The frequency of Bahun (Hill Brahmins) was higher than national average (12.2%) in the following districts:

Notable people

Academics

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Entertainment

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Entrepreneurs

Humanitarians

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Other notables

See also

References

  1. ^National Statistics Office (2021).National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report.Government of Nepal (Report).
  2. ^Central Bureau of Statistics (2014).Population monograph of Nepal(PDF) (Report). Vol. II. Government of Nepal.
  3. ^Oberst, Robert (27 April 2018).Government and Politics in South Asia, Student Economy Edition. Routledge. p. 284.ISBN 978-0-429-97340-6.
  4. ^Declan Quigley, David Gellner (2017).Contested Hierarchies: A Collaborative Ethnography of Caste Among the Newars of Kathmandu. edited by David Gellner & Declan Quigley. Macmillan and Company limited. p. 199.
  5. ^Chaturvedi, Shyam lal (1945).In Fraternity with Nepal, An Account of the Activities Under the Auspices of the Wider Life Movement for the Furtherance and Consolidation of the Indo-Nepalese Cultural Fellowship. p. 65.
  6. ^Hachhethu, Krishna (2023).Nation-Building and Federalism in Nepal. Oxford University Press. p. 40.ISBN 978-0-19-887291-7.
  7. ^Hachhethu, Krishna (2023).Nation-Building and Federalism in Nepal. Oxford University Press. p. 40.ISBN 978-0-19-887291-7.
  8. ^"Nepal Census 2011"(PDF).
  9. ^Sherchan 2001, p. 14.
  10. ^abJohn T Hitchcock 1978, pp. 116–119.
  11. ^John T Hitchcock 1978, p. 116.
  12. ^abWhelpton 2005, p. 31.
  13. ^"Nepal -".
  14. ^abc"Nepal Census 2011"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 18 September 2017. Retrieved26 November 2019.
  15. ^Dhakal, Amit (11 June 2014)."निजामती सेवामा सबैभन्दा बढी प्रतिनिधित्व राजपूत, कायस्थ र तराई ब्राम्हण".Setopati.
  16. ^"Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs".kathmandupost.com.
  17. ^"Brahmins and Chhetris continue to dominate entry into civil service".kathmandupost.com.
  18. ^National Statistics Office (2021).National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report.Government of Nepal (Report).
  19. ^Chabilal Upadhyaya - Wikipedia
  20. ^Raj, Prakash A. (2006).Dancing Democracy: The power of a Third Eye. Rupa & Company.ISBN 9788129109460.
  21. ^abcd"Girija Prasad Koirala: The architect of democracy in Nepal".Dawn. 23 March 2010. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  22. ^Westminster legacies. UNSW Press. 2005.ISBN 978-0-86840-848-4. Retrieved15 May 2009.
  23. ^"Flight of a free bird".My Republica. 7 March 2011. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  24. ^Goldenberg, Suzanne (4 May 1999)."Man Mohan Adhikari".The Guardian. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  25. ^"CPN Maoist Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal elected as 39th Prime Minister of Nepal". Xinhuanet. Archived fromthe original on 5 August 2016. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  26. ^"Prachanda elected Prime Minister of Nepal".The Hindu. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  27. ^"CPN-UML Comrades Apart". Spotlight Nepal Magazine. Retrieved13 December 2017.
  28. ^"Caste no bar". Nepali Times. 16 January 2009. Retrieved12 February 2018.

Bibliography

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