1-Diazidocarbamoyl-5-azidotetrazole, often jokingly referred to asazidoazide azide,[5] is aheterocyclicinorganic compound with the formula C2N14.[6] It is a highly reactive andextremely sensitiveexplosive.
![]() | |
Names | |
---|---|
Preferred IUPAC name N-(5-Azido-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)carbonimidoyl diazide | |
Other names
| |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Abbreviations | AA |
ChemSpider | |
| |
| |
Properties | |
C2N14 | |
Molar mass | 220.120 g·mol−1 |
Density | 1.723 g·cm−3[2] |
Melting point | 78 °C (172 °F; 351 K) |
Boiling point | Violent explosion at 110 °C |
Solubility | Soluble indiethyl ether,acetone, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons[3] |
Structure[4] | |
orthorhombic | |
Pbcn | |
a = 18.1289,b = 8.2128,c = 11.4021 | |
Lattice volume (V) | 1697.6 |
Formula units (Z) | 8 |
Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of formation(ΔfH⦵298) | 357 kcal·mol−1[5] (1495 kJ·mol−1)[2] |
Explosive data | |
Shock sensitivity | <0.25 J |
Friction sensitivity | <1 N |
Detonation velocity | 8960 m·s−1 |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | will unpredictably and violently detonate – part of the nitrogen highly energetic compounds family. |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Synthesis
edit1-Diazidocarbamoyl-5-azidotetrazole was produced bydiazotizing triaminoguanidinium chloride withsodium nitrite in ultra-purifiedwater.[6] Another synthesis uses ametathesis reaction betweenisocyanogen tetrabromide inacetone and aqueoussodium azide.[3] This first forms isocyanogen tetraazide, the "open" isomer of C2N14, which at room temperature quickly undergoes an irreversible cyclization reaction to form atetrazole ring.[7]
Properties
editThe C2N14 molecule is a monocyclic tetrazole with threeazide groups. This ring form is inequilibrium with isocyanogen tetraazide, anisomeric acyclic structure that has long been known to cyclize quickly to the tetrazole.[7]
It is one of a family of high energy nitrogen compounds in which the nitrogen atoms do not have strong triple bonds. This instability makes many such compounds liable to explosive decomposition, releasingnitrogen gas.
This tetrazole explosive has a decomposition temperature of 124 °C. It is very sensitive, with an impact sensitivity lower than 0.25 joules. It is, however, less sensitive thannitrogen triiodide. Decomposition can be initiated by only using contact or using a laser beam.[8] For these reasons, it is often erroneously claimed to be the world's most sensitive compound.[9][5]
See also
edit- The dictionary definition ofazidoazide azide at Wiktionary
References
edit- ^"Azidoazide azide".American Chemical Society. 17 August 2020.Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved13 September 2021.
- ^abMartin, Franz Albert."Novel Energetic Materials based on 1,5-Diaminotetrazole and 3,5-Diamino-1H-1,2,4-triazole"(PDF). pp. 80–87.Archived(PDF) from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved24 February 2018.
- ^abUS 2990412, Grundmann, Christoph J. & Schnabel, Wilhelm Joseph, "Isocyanogen tetraazide and its preparation", published 1961-06-27, assigned toOlin Mathieson Chemical Corp.
- ^Klapötke, Thomas M.; Martin, Franz A.; Stierstorfer, Jörg (26 April 2011)."C2N14: An Energetic and Highly Sensitive Binary Azidotetrazole".Angewandte Chemie International Edition.50 (18):4227–4229.doi:10.1002/anie.201100300.PMID 21472944.
- ^abcLowe, Derek (9 January 2013)."Things I Won't Work With: Azidoazide Azides, More Or Less".Science Magazine. American Association for the Advancement of Science.Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved24 February 2018.
- ^abKlapötke, Thomas M.; Martin, Franz A.; Stierstorfer, Jörg (26 April 2011)."C2N14: An Energetic and Highly Sensitive Binary Azidotetrazole".Angewandte Chemie International Edition.50 (18):4227–4229.doi:10.1002/anie.201100300.PMID 21472944.
- ^abBanert, Klaus; Richter, Sebastian; Schaarschmidt, Dieter; Lang, Heinrich (2013). "Well Known or New? Synthesis and Structure Assignment of Binary C2N14 Compounds Reinvestigated".Angewandte Chemie International Edition.52 (12):3499–3502.doi:10.1002/anie.201209170.ISSN 1521-3773.PMID 23404921.
- ^Klapötke, Thomas M.; Krumm, Burkhard; Martin, Franz A.; Stierstorfer, Jörg (2011-11-09). "New Azidotetrazoles: Structurally Interesting and Extremely Sensitive".Chemistry: An Asian Journal.7 (1):214–224.doi:10.1002/asia.201100632.ISSN 1861-4728.PMID 22069147.S2CID 27239569.
- ^"Beware Of Azidoazide Azide, The World's Most Explosive Chemical".Discovery. Retrieved2022-04-05.