Amyloid purpura is a condition marked by bleeding under the skin (purpura) in some individuals withamyloidosis.[1] Its cause is unknown, butcoagulation defects caused byamyloid are thought to contribute.
| Amyloid purpura | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Purpura | |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Presentation
editAmyloid purpura usually occurs above the nipple-line and is found in the webbing of the neck and in the face and eyelids.[1]
Cause
editThe precise cause of amyloid purpura is unknown, but several mechanisms are thought to contribute.[2] One may be a decrease in the level of circulatingfactor X,[2] aclotting factor necessary forcoagulation. The proposed mechanism for this decrease in factor X is that circulating amyloid fibrils bind and inactivate factor X.[2] Another contributing factor may be enhancedfibrinolysis,[2] the breakdown ofclots.Subendothelial deposits of amyloid may weakenblood vessels and lead to the extravasation of blood.[2][3] Amyloid deposits in thegastrointestinal tract andliver may also play a role in the development of amyloid purpura.[2]
Diagnosis
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Treatment
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Epidemiology
editAmyloid purpura affects a minority of individuals with amyloidosis.[1] For example, purpura is present early in the disease in approximately 15% of patients withprimary systemic amyloidosis.[4]
References
edit- ^abcEder L, Bitterman H (June 2007). "Image in clinical medicine. Amyloid purpura".N. Engl. J. Med.356 (23): 2406.doi:10.1056/NEJMicm061510.PMID 17554122.
- ^abcdefGamba G, Montani N, Anesi E, et al. (March 2000)."Clotting alterations in primary systemic amyloidosis"(PDF).Haematologica.85 (3):289–92.PMID 10702818.
- ^Amyloidosis, Immunoglobulin-Related ateMedicine
- ^Kyle RA, Gertz MA (January 1995). "Primary systemic amyloidosis: clinical and laboratory features in 474 cases".Semin. Hematol.32 (1):45–59.PMID 7878478.