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Alpine Linux

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Linux distribution based on musl and BusyBox

Linux distribution
Alpine Linux
DeveloperAlpine Linux Development Team
OS familyLinux (Unix-like)
Working stateActive
Source modelOpen source
Initial releaseAugust 2005; 20 years ago (2005-08)[1]
Latest release3.23.2[2] / 17 December 2025; 2 months ago (17 December 2025)
Repository
Marketing targetGeneral-purpose. Security, embedded systems and other resource-constrained systems, such as containers.[3]
Available inMultilingual
Package managerAPK(Alpine Package Keeper)
Supported platforms
Kernel typeMonolithic (Linux)
UserlandBusyBox
InfluencedpostmarketOS
Default
user interface		Ash
Official websitealpinelinux.org

Alpine Linux is aLinux distribution that usesmusl,BusyBox, andOpenRC instead ofglibc,GNU Core Utilities, andsystemd, respectively.[4][5][6][7][8] This makes Alpine one of few Linux distributions not to be based on the latter.[9] For security, Alpine compiles alluser-space binaries asposition-independent executables withstack-smashing protection.[3] Because of its small size and rapid startup, it is commonly used incontainers providing quick boot-up times,[10][11] onvirtual machines as well as on real hardware inembedded devices, such asrouters,servers andNAS.[citation needed]

History

[edit]

Originally, Alpine Linux began as an embedded-first distribution for devices such aswireless routers, based onGentoo Linux,[12] inspired byGNAP and the Bering-uClibc branch of theLEAF Project.[1] Founder Natanael Copa has said that the name was chosen as abackronym for "A Linux-Powered Network Engine" or some such similar phrase, but that the exact phrase has since been forgotten.[13]

Alpine'spackage management system, the Alpine Package Keeper (apk),[a][14] was originally a collection ofshell scripts[15] but was later rewritten inC.[16]

In 2014, Alpine Linux switched fromuClibc tomusl as itsC standard library.[17]

Derivatives

[edit]

postmarketOS, a Linux distribution formobile devices, is based on Alpine Linux.[18]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Not to be confused with theapk file format used byAndroid

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Re: [leaf-devel] 2.6.x kernel support?".SourceForge.Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved7 April 2023.
  2. ^"Alpine 3.23.2 released". 17 December 2025. Retrieved27 December 2025.
  3. ^ab"about".Alpine Linux.Archived from the original on 8 May 2011. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  4. ^"Alpine Linux 2 review".LinuxBSDos.com. 24 August 2010.Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved29 July 2021.
  5. ^Nestor, Marius (4 December 2017)."Security-Oriented Alpine Linux 3.7 Has UEFI Support, GRUB Support in Installer".Softpedia News.Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  6. ^Verma, Adarsh (8 November 2017)."10 Most Secure Linux Distros For Complete Privacy & Anonymity | 2017 Edition".Fossbytes.Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  7. ^Noyes, Katherine (9 February 2016)."Is Docker ditching Ubuntu Linux? Confusion reigns".Network World.Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  8. ^"OpenRC".wiki.alpinelinux.org.Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  9. ^Wallen, Jack (30 June 2023)."What is Alpine Linux?".Tech Target.Archived from the original on 22 November 2024. Retrieved24 November 2023.
  10. ^Bhartiya, Swapnil (28 March 2017)."Meet Alpine Linux, Docker's Distribution of Choice for Containers".The New Stack.Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  11. ^Steven Nuu00f1ez (10 July 2017)."Review: Alpine Linux is made for Docker".InfoWorld.Archived from the original on 18 October 2022. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  12. ^Copa, Natanael (22 August 2005)."Re: [leaf-devel] 2.6.x kernel support?".SourceForge.Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved7 April 2023.
  13. ^Copa, Natanael (3 November 2017)."Small, Simple, and Secure: Alpine Linux under the Microscope"(video).youtube.com. Docker.Archived from the original on 30 June 2023. Retrieved30 June 2023.
  14. ^"Alpine Package Keeper".wiki.alpinelinux.org.Archived from the original on 30 September 2025. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  15. ^"apk-tools".SourceForge.Archived from the original on 17 December 2020. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  16. ^"apk-tools – Alpine package manager".git.alpinelinux.org.Archived from the original on 7 March 2025. Retrieved2 October 2025.
  17. ^"Alpine 3.0.0 released".Alpine Linux.Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved6 May 2018.
  18. ^"postmarketOS // real Linux distribution for phones".postmarketOS.Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved2 October 2025.

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