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The1952 Inter-Camp P.O.W. Olympics (Chinese:1952年战俘营奥运会), also known as Inter-Camp POW Olympic Games,[2] was a mockOlympic Games held at thePyuktong Prisoner-of-War Camp (碧潼战俘营)[3] of theChinese People's Volunteer Army during theKorean War. The athletes were allUnited NationsPOWs. It was often used as a propaganda campaign[4] byChina and North Korea to encourage more UN soldiers to surrender.
1952 Inter-Camp P.O.W. Olympics 1952年战俘营奥运会 | |
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Location | Pyuktong,D.P.R.K.[1] |
Dates | 15–27 November 1952 |
1952 Inter-Camp P.O.W. Olympics | |||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 1952年戰俘營奧運會 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 1952年战俘营奥运会 | ||||||
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1952 Inter-Camp P.O.W. Olympics was not authorized by theInternational Olympic Committee, but was organized by the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, in accordance with theOlympic Charter.[5]
The games
editThe POW Olympics were held between 15–27 November 1952 atPyuktong,D.P.R.K. The Chinese hoped to gain worldwide publicity and, whilst some prisoners refused to participate, over 500 prisoners[2] of 11 nationalities took part.[6] They were representative of all the prison camps in North Korea[citation needed] and competed inAmerican football,baseball,softball,basketball,volleyball,track and field,soccer,gymnastics, andboxing.[6] For the prisoners, this was an opportunity to meet with friends from other camps. They also acted as photographers, announcers and even reporters, who after each day's competition published a newsletter, theOlympic Roundup.[6]
Overall Result | Team (Teams were arranged by Camp)[7] |
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1st | Camp 5 (Pyoktong, North Korea) |
2nd | Camp 1 (Changsong, North Korea) |
3rd | Camp 4 (Pyoktong, North Korea) |
Propaganda value
editThe Olympics featured frequently in North Koreanpsychological warfare (PSYWAR) pamphlets and leaflets distributed to UN soldiers.[8][9] The 1952 Olympics allowed Communist forces to point to the good conditions available to those who surrendered.[7][10]
See also
edit- 1944 Summer Olympics during theSecond World War at which prisoners of war fromOflag II-C staged a comparable unofficial Olympic games.
References
edit- ^United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities (1955).Investigation of Communist Activities: (the Committee to Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case and Affiliates) Hearing.U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 3875–.
- ^abElise Horspool."The "Reactionaries": Buck, Hollis, Madden, Parker and Gwyther".Australian War Memorial. 18 June 2020.
- ^"1952年中国就办过一届特殊的"奥运会",同样赢得世界的交口称赞".Ifeng.com. 2018-12-26. Archived fromthe original on 2019-04-11.
- ^Callum A MacDonald (27 October 1986).Korea: The War before Vietnam.Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 151–.ISBN 978-1-349-06332-1.
- ^"鲜为人知:朝鲜战场 志愿军战俘营里的"奥运会" --党史频道-人民网".dangshi.people.com.cn. Retrieved2019-04-11.
- ^abcAdams, (2007), p. 62.
- ^ab"POW Olympics Intro RedirectPage".
- ^Peace "magazine" (n.2), October 1952
- ^Propaganda leaflet, 1952
- ^http://library.ndsu.edu/digital/files/2010/04/Themes-in-Korean-War.pdf[permanent dead link]
Bibliography
edit- Young, Charles S. (2014).Name, Rank, and Serial Number: Exploiting Korean War POWs at Home and Abroad. New York: Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-518348-1.
- Adams, Clarence (2007).An American Dream: The Life of an African American soldier and POW Who Spent Twelve Years in Communist China. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.ISBN 978-1-5584-9595-1.
External links
edit- Scotland at War, including some artifacts and information from Scottish POWs at the 1952 Olympics
- Pictures and scans of the 1952 Olympic programme
- CBC: They chose China (English documentary, with Chinese subtitle)See also via Bilibili
- "Prisoner of war camp without barbed wire(没有铁丝网的战俘营)".China Central Television. Retrieved2019-04-11.See also via Bilibili