Paleontology or palaeontology is the study ofprehistoriclife forms onEarth through the examination of plant and animalfossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils,tracks (ichnites),burrows, cast-off parts, fossilisedfeces (coprolites),palynomorphs andchemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as ascience. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1936.
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Plants
editFerns and fern allies
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | Jr synonym | First described as aDennstaedtia species. |  | ||||||
Comb nov | valid | ADennstaedtia species. | |||||||
Comb nov | AThelypteris species. | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Herendeen Bay flora" | AnymphaeaceousCastaliites species. | ||||||
Sp nov | Jr synonym | "Cape Douglas flora" | First described as anOsmunda species. | ||||||
Sp nov | Jr synonym | First described as aPteris species. |  |
Cycadophytes
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ACtenis species. |
Ginkgophytes
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subsp nov | "Chinitna Bay flora" | AGinkgo subspecies. |
Conifers
editCupressaceae
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Hamilton Bay flora" | Named as aTaxodium species. |
Flowering plants
editMagnoliids
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Comb nov | synonymy
| ||||||||
Sp nov | "Russel Creek Flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ||||||||
Comb nov | jr homonym | Combination a jr homonym ofMalapoenna magnifica (Kuntze, 1891) | |||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as anavocado relative | |||||||
Sp nov | Apepper family species | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Grade Trail cabin flora" | Apepper family species | |||||||
Sp nov | Apepper family species | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Canyon Creek flora" | Apepper family species | |||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik Lake flora" | Apepper family species | |||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" |
Monocots
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | jr synonym | APalmacites morphospecies. |
Basal Eudicots and unplaced core Eudicots
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | "Chiguik River flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ADillenia species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Troublesome Gulch flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | AHakea species. | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Chignik River flora" | First described as aMacclintockia species. | ||||||
Sp nov | "Rampart flora" | APlatanus species. |
Superasterids
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | "Point Divide flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | ACoccoloba species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Mount Chezum flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik Bay flora" | Anash species. | |||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as anash species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik Bay flora" | A possibleash species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Mogul Creek flora" | Anash species. | |||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as aMohrodendron species | |||||||
Sp nov | jr homonym | Arhododendron species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay Flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | Valid | "Point Divide flora" | |||||||
Sp nov | Valid | "Point Divide flora" | |||||||
Sp nov | Valid | "Chignik Bay flora" | |||||||
Sp nov | Valid |
Superrosids
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Point Divide flora" | First described as anAbutilon species. | ||||||
Sp nov | "Kootznahoo Inlet flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Pumicestone Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Rampart flora" | ||||||||
Comb nov | Analder species. | ||||||||
Comb nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Rampart flora" | ||||||||
Var nov | "Bluff Point flora" | ABetula confusa variety. | |||||||
Sp nom nov | Abirch species. | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik River flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | ACarpinitesbetulaceous leaf morphospecies. | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Dalton's coal outcrop flora" | ||||||||
Comb nov | Agrapevine species. | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Dalton's coal outcrop flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Cape Nukhshak flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Kachemak Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Cape Douglas flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Drew's mine flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Cape Nukhshak flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Bluff Point flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | Astrawberry bush species. | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Troublesome Gulch flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr homonym | "Rampart flora" | AGrewia species. | ||||||
Sp nov | "Nun point flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Chignik Bay flora" | First described as aGrewiopsis species. | ||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Mogul Creek flora" | First described as aGrewiopsis species. | ||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Nun point flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Mogul Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Dalton's coal flora" | First described as aHampea species. |  | |||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Fritz Creek flora" | A possiblewalnut species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Hamilton Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Rampart flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Kachemak Bay flora" | First described as aLepargyraea species | ||||||
Var nov | "Cape Douglas flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Drew's mine flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Drew mine flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as awater elm species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Cape Nukhshak flora" | Acottonwood species. | |||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Admiralty Island flora" | Described as aPopulus species. | ||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "Chignik River flora" | Described as aPopulus species. | ||||||
Var nov | " Bluff Point flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Moose Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Moose Creek flora" | First described as aPterospermites species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Chignik Bay flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Moose Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Rampart flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | |||||||||
Sp nov | "Bluff Point flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Bradley Coal flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as aSemecarpus species. | |||||||
Sp nov | "Bryant Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Drew's mine flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Fritz Creek flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Kootznahoo Inlet flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | "Kootznahoo Inlet flora" | ||||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | First described as anelm species. |  | ||||||
Sp nov | "Kootznahoo inlet flora" |
Other flowering plants
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Synonymized taxa | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | Valid | "Moose Creek flora" | Stellate inflorescences of uncertain affinity | ||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | "King Salmon Lake flora" | A fruit of initial uncertain affinity | ||||||
Sp nov | jr synonym | A fruit of initial uncertain affinity | |||||||
Sp nov | Valid | "Bryant Creek flora" | A probable flower of uncertain affinity |
Arthropods
editInsects
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | jr synonym | Moved toBaltimartyria proavitella in1995 | ||||||
Comb nov | valid | (Cockerell & Custer) | Aninocelliidsnakefly |  | ||||
Comb nov | jr synonym | Araphidiidsnakefly | _NPS_img1.jpg) |
Archosauromorphs
editDinosaurs
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nipponosaurus[18] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Nagao | Santonian-Campanian | upperYezo Group |  Russia | Ahadrosaurid |  |
| Segisaurus[19] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Camp | Pliensbachian | Navajo Sandstone |  US | Acoelophysoid |  |
Pterosaurs
edit| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen sp et comb nov | jr synonym | Stolley | Jurassic | Arhamphorhynchid pterosaur |  |
Synapsids
editNon-mammalian
edit| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Junior synonym | von Huene | Middle Triassic (Ladinian) | Junior synonym ofChiniquodon. | ||||
Valid | Broom | Middle Abrahamskraal Formation | |||||
Valid | von Huene | Middle Triassic (Ladinian) | A member ofChiniquodontidae. | ||||
Valid | Broom | ||||||
Preoccupied | Broom | Middle Permian | A member ofDinocephalia. | ||||
Valid | Broom | Late Permian | |||||
Valid | Broom | Late Permian | A member ofThrinaxodontidae. | ||||
Junior synonym | Broom | Late Permian | A junior synonym ofTheriognathus. | ||||
Parrington | Late Permian | Kawinga Formation | A junior synonym ofProcynosuchus. |  | |||
Junior synonym | Broili and Schroeder | Early Triassic | A junior synonym ofDiademodon. |  | |||
Valid | von Huene | Middle Triassic (Ladinian) |  |
References
edit- ^Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001).Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.ISBN 9780070887398.OCLC 46769716.
- ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauavawaxayazbabbbcbdbebfbgbhbibjbkblbmbnbobpbqbrbsbtbubvbwbxbybzcacbcccdcecfcgchcicjckclcmcncocpcqcrcsctcucvcwcxcyczdadbdcdddedfdgdhdidjdkHollick, A.; Smith, P. (1936). The Tertiary floras of Alaska, with a chapter on the geology of the Tertiary deposits (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–185.doi:10.3133/pp182. 182.
- ^abcdefgWolfe, J.A. (1977). Paleogene floras from the Gulf of Alaska region (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 997. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–108.doi:10.3133/pp997.
- ^Jablonszky, J. "A tarnóci mediterrán korú flóra".A Magyar Királyi Földtani Intézet évkönyve.22 (14):227–273.
- ^Reed, C. "IndexThelypteridis".Phytologia.17 (14):249–328.
- ^Rüffle, L. "Myricaceae, Leguminosae, Icacinaceae, Sterculiaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Monocotyledones, Coniferae".Abhandlungen des Zentralen Geologischen Instituts.26:337–438.
- ^abcdefghiLaMotte, R.S. (1952).Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51.Geological Society of America.doi:10.1130/MEM51.
- ^Budantsev, L. (1983).History of the Arctic flora of the Early Cainozoic. Saint Petersburg: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", Leningradskoe otdelenie. p. 37.
- ^abWolfe, J.A. (1966). Tertiary plants from the Cook Inlet region, Alaska (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 398. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–32.doi:10.3133/pp398B.
- ^Chelebaeva, A. (1984). "GenusCordia (Boraginaceae) in the Palaeogene of Kamchatka and adjacent territories".Botanicheskii Zhurnal.69 (5):605–615.
- ^Manchester, S.R. (1994). "Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon".Palaeontographica Americana.58:30–31.
- ^Han, M.; Manchester, S.; Fu, Q.-Y.; Jin, J.-H.; Quan, C. (2018). "Paleogene fossil fruits ofStephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia".Journal of Systematics and Evolution.56 (2):81–91.doi:10.1111/jse.12288.S2CID 90749898.
- ^Mey, Wolfram (2011)."On the systematic position ofBaltimartyria Skalski, 1995 and description of a new species from Baltic amber (Lepidoptera, Micropterigidae)".ZooKeys (130):331–342.doi:10.3897/zookeys.130.1480.PMC 3260770.PMID 22259287.
- ^abCarpenter, F.M. (1936). "Revision of the Nearctic Raphidiodea (Recent and Fossil)".Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.89 (2):89–158.doi:10.2307/20023217.JSTOR 20023217.
- ^Cockerell, T. D. A.; Custer, C. (1925). "A New FossilInocellia (Neuroptera) from Florissant".The Entomologist.58:295–297.
- ^Cockerell, T. (1909). "Some fossil arthropods from Florissant, Colorado".Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History.23:605–616.
- ^Makarkin, V.; Archibald, S. (2014). "A revision of the late Eocene snakeflies (Raphidioptera) of the Florissant Formation, Colorado, with special reference to the wing venation of the Raphidiomorpha".Zootaxa.3784 (4):401–444.doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3784.4.4.PMID 24872063.
- ^Nagao, T. (1936). "Nipponosaurus sachalinensis, a new genus and species of trachodont dinosaur from Japanese Saghalien".Journal of the Faculty of Science, Imperial University of Hokkaido, Geology and Minerals.3 (2):185–220.
- ^Camp, C.L. (1936). "A new type of small bipedal dinosaur from the Navajo Sandstone of Arizona".Univ. California Publ. Geol. Sci.24:39–56.