#include <climits>#include <concepts>#include <iostream>#include <limits>#include <locale> static_assert(    sizeof(long)>=32/CHAR_BIT&&    sizeof(unsignedlong)>=32/CHAR_BIT&&std::numeric_limits<long>::min()<=-2'147'483'647l - 1 && //'std::numeric_limits<long>::max()>=2'147'483'647l && //'std::numeric_limits<unsignedlong>::max()>=4'294'967'295ul); //' // 'long long' and 'unsigned long long' are available since C++11static_assert(    sizeof(longlong)>=64/CHAR_BIT&&    sizeof(unsignedlonglong)>=64/CHAR_BIT&&std::numeric_limits<longlong>::min()<=-9'223'372'036'854'775'807ll-1&&std::numeric_limits<longlong>::max()>=9'223'372'036'854'775'807ll&&std::numeric_limits<unsignedlonglong>::max()>=18'446'744'073'709'551'615ull); // concepts are available since C++20static_assert(std::integral<long>&&std::integral<longlong>&&std::integral<unsignedlong>&&std::integral<unsignedlonglong>&&std::floating_point<longdouble>);// Note that 'long' cannot modify 'float' static_assert(std::same_as<decltype(0l),signedlongint>&&std::same_as<decltype(0ll),signedlonglongint>&&std::same_as<decltype(0ul),unsignedlongint>&&std::same_as<decltype(0ull),unsignedlonglongint>&&std::same_as<decltype(0.l),longdouble>); template<typename T,typename...Ts>concept all_same=(...andstd::same_as<T, Ts>); static_assert(    all_same<long,longint,signedlong,signedlongint>&&    all_same<unsignedlong,unsignedlongint>&&    all_same<longlong,longlongint,signedlonglong,signedlonglongint>&&    all_same<unsignedlonglong,unsignedlonglongint>); #define OUT(...) std::cout << #__VA_ARGS__ << " = " << __VA_ARGS__ << '\n' int main(){std::cout.imbue(std::locale("en_US.UTF-8"));     OUT(sizeof(long));    OUT(std::numeric_limits<long>::min());    OUT(std::numeric_limits<long>::max());    OUT(std::numeric_limits<unsignedlong>::max());     OUT(sizeof(longlong));    OUT(std::numeric_limits<longlong>::min());    OUT(std::numeric_limits<longlong>::max());    OUT(std::numeric_limits<unsignedlonglong>::max());} #undef OUT

sizeof(long) = 8std::numeric_limits<long>::min() = -9,223,372,036,854,775,808std::numeric_limits<long>::max() = 9,223,372,036,854,775,807std::numeric_limits<unsigned long>::max() = 18,446,744,073,709,551,615sizeof(long long) = 8std::numeric_limits<long long>::min() = -9,223,372,036,854,775,808std::numeric_limits<long long>::max() = 9,223,372,036,854,775,807std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>::max() = 18,446,744,073,709,551,615