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      std::basic_ostream

      From cppreference.com
      <cpp‎ |io
       
       
       
       
      Defined in header<ostream>
      template<

         class CharT,
         class Traits=std::char_traits<CharT>

      >class basic_ostream:virtualpublicstd::basic_ios<CharT, Traits>

      The class templatebasic_ostream provides support for high level output operations on character streams. The supported operations include formatted output (e.g. integer values) and unformatted output (e.g. raw characters and character arrays). This functionality is implemented in terms of the interface provided by thebasic_streambuf class, accessed through thebasic_ios base class. In typical implementations,basic_ostream has no non-inherited data members.

      std-basic ostream-inheritance.svg

      Several typedefs for common character types are provided:

      Defined in header<ostream>
      Type Definition
      std::ostreamstd::basic_ostream<char>
      std::wostreamstd::basic_ostream<wchar_t>

      Contents

      [edit]Global objects

      Six globalbasic_ostream objects are provided by the standard library:

      Defined in header<iostream>
      writes to the standard C output streamstdout
      (global object)[edit]
      writes to the standard C error streamstderr, unbuffered
      (global object)[edit]
      writes to the standard C error streamstderr
      (global object)[edit]

      [edit]Member types

      Member type Definition
      char_typeCharT[edit]
      traits_typeTraits; the program is ill-formed ifTraits::char_type is notCharT.[edit]
      int_typeTraits::int_type[edit]
      pos_typeTraits::pos_type[edit]
      off_typeTraits::off_type[edit]

      [edit]Member functions

      constructs the object
      (public member function)[edit]
      [virtual]
      		 destructs the object
      (virtual public member function)[edit]
      (C++11)
      		 move-assigns from anotherbasic_ostream
      (protected member function)[edit]
      Formatted output
      inserts formatted data
      (public member function)[edit]
      Unformatted output
      inserts a character
      (public member function)[edit]
      inserts blocks of characters
      (public member function)[edit]
      Positioning
      returns the output position indicator
      (public member function)[edit]
      sets the output position indicator
      (public member function)[edit]
      Miscellaneous
      synchronizes with the underlying storage device
      (public member function)[edit]
      (C++11)
      		 swaps stream objects, except for the associated buffer
      (protected member function)[edit]

      [edit]Member classes

      implements basic logic for preparation of the stream for output operations
      (public member class)[edit]

      [edit]Non-member functions

      inserts character data or insert into rvalue stream
      (function template)[edit]
      outputsformatted representation of the arguments
      (function template)[edit]
      outputsformatted representation of the arguments with appended'\n'
      (function template)[edit]
      performs Unicode aware output usingtype-erased argument representation
      (function)[edit]
      outputs character data usingtype-erased argument representation
      (function)[edit]

      Inherited fromstd::basic_ios

      Member types

      Member type Definition
      char_typeCharT
      traits_typeTraits
      int_typeTraits::int_type
      pos_typeTraits::pos_type
      off_typeTraits::off_type

      Member functions

      State functions
      checks if no error has occurred i.e. I/O operations are available
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      checks if end-of-file has been reached
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      checks if an error has occurred
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      checks if a non-recoverable error has occurred
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      checks if an error has occurred (synonym offail())
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      checks if no error has occurred (synonym of!fail())
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      returns state flags
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      sets state flags
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      modifies state flags
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      Formatting
      copies formatting information
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      manages the fill character
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      Miscellaneous
      manages exception mask
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      sets the locale
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      manages associated stream buffer
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      manages tied stream
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      narrows characters
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]
      widens characters
      (public member function ofstd::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>)[edit]

      Inherited fromstd::ios_base

      Member functions

      Formatting
      manages format flags
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      sets specific format flag
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      clears specific format flag
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      manages decimal precision of floating point operations
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      manages field width
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      Locales
      sets locale
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      returns current locale
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      Internal extensible array
      [static]
      		 returns a program-wide unique integer that is safe to use as index topword() andiword()
      (public static member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      resizes the private storage if necessary and access to thelong element at the given index
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      resizes the private storage if necessary and access to thevoid* element at the given index
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      Miscellaneous
      registers event callback function
      (public member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      sets whether C++ and C I/O libraries are interoperable
      (public static member function ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      Member classes
      stream exception
      (public member class ofstd::ios_base)[edit]
      initializes standard stream objects
      (public member class ofstd::ios_base)[edit]

      Member types and constants

      Type Explanation
      stream open mode type

      The following constants are also defined:

      Constant Explanation[edit]
      app seek to the end of stream before each write[edit]
      binary open inbinary mode[edit]
      in open for reading[edit]
      out open for writing[edit]
      trunc discard the contents of the stream when opening[edit]
      ate seek to the end of stream immediately after open[edit]
      noreplace(C++23) open in exclusive mode[edit]

      (typedef)[edit]
      formatting flags type

      The following constants are also defined:

      Constant Explanation[edit]
      dec use decimal base for integer I/O: seestd::dec[edit]
      oct use octal base for integer I/O: seestd::oct[edit]
      hex use hexadecimal base for integer I/O: seestd::hex[edit]
      basefielddec| oct| hex. Useful for masking operations[edit]
      left left adjustment (adds fill characters to the right): seestd::left[edit]
      right right adjustment (adds fill characters to the left): seestd::right[edit]
      internal internal adjustment (adds fill characters to the internal designated point): seestd::internal[edit]
      adjustfieldleft| right| internal. Useful for masking operations[edit]
      scientific generate floating point types using scientific notation, or hex notation if combined withfixed: seestd::scientific[edit]
      fixed generate floating point types using fixed notation, or hex notation if combined withscientific: seestd::fixed[edit]
      floatfieldscientific| fixed. Useful for masking operations[edit]
      boolalpha insert and extractbool type in alphanumeric format: seestd::boolalpha[edit]
      showbase generate a prefix indicating the numeric base for integer output, require the currency indicator in monetary I/O: seestd::showbase[edit]
      showpoint generate a decimal-point character unconditionally for floating-point number output: seestd::showpoint[edit]
      showpos generate a+ character for non-negative numeric output: seestd::showpos[edit]
      skipws skip leading whitespace before certain input operations: seestd::skipws[edit]
      unitbuf flush the output after each output operation: seestd::unitbuf[edit]
      uppercase replace certain lowercase letters with their uppercase equivalents in certain output operations: seestd::uppercase[edit]

      (typedef)[edit]
      state of the stream type

      The following constants are also defined:

      Constant Explanation[edit]
      goodbit no error[edit]
      badbit irrecoverable stream error[edit]
      failbit input/output operation failed (formatting or extraction error)[edit]
      eofbit associated input sequence has reached end-of-file[edit]

      (typedef)[edit]
      seeking direction type

      The following constants are also defined:

      Constant Explanation[edit]
      beg the beginning of a stream[edit]
      end the ending of a stream[edit]
      cur the current position of stream position indicator[edit]

      (typedef)[edit]
      specifies event type
      (enum)[edit]
      callback function type
      (typedef)[edit]
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