#include <cstdlib>#include <fstream>#include <iostream> int main(){constchar* fname="/tmp/test.txt";std::ofstream ofile{fname};    ofile<<"10 "<<"11 "<<"12 "<<"non-int";    ofile.close(); std::ifstream file{fname};if(!file.good()){std::cout<<"#1. Opening file test.txt failed - ""one of the error flags is true\n";returnEXIT_FAILURE;} // typical C++ I/O loop uses the return value of the I/O function// as the loop controlling condition, operator bool() is used herefor(int n; file>> n;)std::cout<< n<<' ';std::cout<<'\n'; if(file.bad()){std::cout<<"#2. I/O error while reading - badbit is true\n";returnEXIT_FAILURE;}elseif(file.eof())std::cout<<"#3. End of file reached successfully - eofbit is true\n""This is fine even though file.good() is false\n";elseif(file.fail())std::cout<<"#4. Non-integer data encountered - failbit is true\n";}

10 11 12 #4. Non-integer data encountered - failbit is true