Appends a new element to the end of the container. Typically, the element is constructed using placement-new to construct the element in-place at the location provided by the container. The argumentsargs... are forwarded to the constructor asstd::forward<Args>(args)....

No iterators or references are invalidated, exceptend(), which is invalidated if the insertion occurs.

[edit]Parameters

[edit]Return value

back(), i.e. a reference to the inserted element.

[edit]Complexity

Constant.

[edit]Exceptions

• std::bad_alloc ifsize()== capacity() before invocation.
• Any exception thrown by initialization of the inserted element.

If an exception is thrown for any reason, these functions have no effect (strong exception safety guarantee).

[edit]Example

#include <inplace_vector>#include <new>#include <print>#include <string>#include <utility> int main(){std::inplace_vector<std::pair<std::string,std::string>,2> fauna;std::string dog{"\N{DOG}"};     fauna.emplace_back("\N{CAT}", dog);    fauna.emplace_back("\N{CAT}", std::move(dog));std::println("fauna = {}", fauna); try{        fauna.emplace_back("\N{BUG}","\N{BUG}");// throws: there is no space}catch(conststd::bad_alloc& ex){std::println("{}", ex.what());}std::println("fauna = {}", fauna);}

fauna = [("🐈", "🐕"), ("🐈", "🐕")]std::bad_allocfauna = [("🐈", "🐕"), ("🐈", "🐕")]

[edit]See also

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