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      std::next_permutation

      From cppreference.com
      <cpp‎ |algorithm
       
       
      Algorithm library
      Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges(C++20)
      Constrained algorithms, e.g.ranges::copy,ranges::sort, ...
      Execution policies(C++17)
      Sorting and related operations
      Partitioning operations
      Sorting operations
      Binary search operations
      (on partitioned ranges)
      Set operations (on sorted ranges)
      Merge operations (on sorted ranges)
      Heap operations
      Minimum/maximum operations
      (C++11)
      (C++17)
      Lexicographical comparison operations
      Permutation operations
      next_permutation

      C library
      Numeric operations
      Operations on uninitialized memory
       
      Defined in header<algorithm>
      template<class BidirIt>
      bool next_permutation( BidirIt first, BidirIt last);
      (1)(constexpr since C++20)
      template<class BidirIt,class Compare>
      bool next_permutation( BidirIt first, BidirIt last, Compare comp);
      (2)(constexpr since C++20)

      Permutes the range[firstlast) into the nextpermutation. Returnstrue if such a “next permutation” exists; otherwise transforms the range into the lexicographically first permutation (as if bystd::sort) and returnsfalse.

      1) The set of all permutations is ordered lexicographically with respect tooperator<(until C++20)std::less{}(since C++20).
      2) The set of all permutations is ordered lexicographically with respect tocomp.

      Ifthe type of*first is notSwappable(until C++11)BidirIt is notValueSwappable(since C++11), the behavior is undefined.

      Contents

      [edit]Parameters

      first, last - the pair of iterators defining therange of elements to permute
      comp - comparison function object (i.e. an object that satisfies the requirements ofCompare) which returnstrue if the first argument isless than the second.

      The signature of the comparison function should be equivalent to the following:

      bool cmp(const Type1& a,const Type2& b);

      While the signature does not need to haveconst&, the function must not modify the objects passed to it and must be able to accept all values of type (possibly const)Type1 andType2 regardless ofvalue category (thus,Type1& is not allowed, nor isType1 unless forType1 a move is equivalent to a copy(since C++11)).
      The typesType1 andType2 must be such that an object of typeBidirIt can be dereferenced and then implicitly converted to both of them.

      Type requirements
      -
      BidirIt must meet the requirements ofLegacyBidirectionalIterator.

      [edit]Return value

      true if the new permutation is lexicographically greater than the old.false if the last permutation was reached and the range was reset to the first permutation.

      [edit]Complexity

      Given\(\scriptsize N\)N asstd::distance(first, last):

      1,2) At most\(\scriptsize \frac{N}{2}\)
      N
      2
      swaps.

      [edit]Exceptions

      Any exceptions thrown from iterator operations or the element swap.

      [edit]Possible implementation

      template<class BidirIt>bool next_permutation(BidirIt first, BidirIt last){auto r_first=std::make_reverse_iterator(last);auto r_last=std::make_reverse_iterator(first);auto left=std::is_sorted_until(r_first, r_last); if(left!= r_last){auto right=std::upper_bound(r_first, left,*left);std::iter_swap(left, right);} std::reverse(left.base(), last);return left!= r_last;}

      [edit]Notes

      Averaged over the entire sequence of permutations, typical implementations use about 3 comparisons and 1.5 swaps per call.

      Implementations (e.g.MSVC STL) may enable vectorization when the iterator type satisfiesLegacyContiguousIterator and swapping its value type calls neither non-trivial special member function norADL-foundswap.

      [edit]Example

      The following code prints all three permutations of the string"aba".

      Run this code
      #include <algorithm>#include <iostream>#include <string> int main(){std::string s="aba"; do{std::cout<< s<<'\n';}while(std::next_permutation(s.begin(), s.end())); std::cout<< s<<'\n';}

      Output:

      ababaaaab

      [edit]See also

      determines if a sequence is a permutation of another sequence
      (function template)[edit]
      generates the next smaller lexicographic permutation of a range of elements
      (function template)[edit]
      generates the next greater lexicographic permutation of a range of elements
      (algorithm function object)[edit]
      Retrieved from "https://en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/algorithm/next_permutation&oldid=180322"

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