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| Character manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversions to and from numeric formats | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| String manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| String examination | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Memory manipulation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(C11)(C11) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Defined in header <ctype.h> | ||
int toupper(int ch); | ||
Converts the given character to uppercase according to the character conversion rules defined by the currently installed C locale.
In the default"C" locale, the following lowercase lettersabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz are replaced with respective uppercase lettersABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ.
Contents |
| ch | - | character to be converted. If the value ofch is not representable asunsignedchar and does not equalEOF, the behavior is undefined. |
Uppercase version ofch or unmodifiedch if no uppercase version is listed in the current C locale.
#include <ctype.h>#include <limits.h>#include <locale.h>#include <stdio.h> int main(void){// in the default locale:for(unsignedchar l=0, u; l!=UCHAR_MAX;++l)if((u= toupper(l))!= l)printf("%c%c ", l, u);printf("\n\n"); unsignedchar c='\xb8';// the character ž in ISO-8859-15// but ¸ (cedilla) in ISO-8859-1setlocale(LC_ALL,"en_US.iso88591");printf("in iso8859-1, toupper('0x%x') gives 0x%x\n", c, toupper(c));setlocale(LC_ALL,"en_US.iso885915");printf("in iso8859-15, toupper('0x%x') gives 0x%x\n", c, toupper(c));}
Possible output:
aA bB cC dD eE fF gG hH iI jJ kK lL mM nN oO pP qQ rR sS tT uU vV wW xX yY zZ in iso8859-1, toupper('0xb8') gives 0xb8in iso8859-15, toupper('0xb8') gives 0xb4| converts a character to lowercase (function)[edit] | |
(C95) | converts a wide character to uppercase (function)[edit] |
C++ documentation fortoupper | |
