Tokyo,[lower-alpha 1] ointutunanTokyo Metropolis,[lower-alpha 2] nopo nga tama om kinoyonon di ointunanan ginumuan id Jipun. Soginumu 14 juta tulun ontok 2023, iti nopo nga iso kinoyonon di bobos togumu tulun id pomogunan. Kinoyonon do Metropolitan Tokyo nga kohompit do Tokyo om sobogian mantad onom wilayah misampaping, kinoyonon nogi diti nga bobos do ogumu tulun id pomogunan soginumu 41 juta ontok toun 2024.
Hilo id tulu suok Tokyo, Tokyo nopo sobogian mantad wilayah Kantō, id kotogisan rahat piintangaan Honshu, Pulou bobos tagayo id Jepun. Tokyo kiguno sabaagi do longkod pongindopuan Jipun om kinoyonon koduo-duo porinta om Maharaja Jipun. Kopomorintaan Metropolitan Tokyo nopo diti momorinta 23 wad poimbida longkod Tokyo, di pogulu nopo nga minomolodi do Bandaraya Tokyo; Ogumu komuter bandar om disan bandar id kotonobon; om duo rantai pulou poinpisuk, Kopulaoun Tokyo. Mulong po kogumuan do pogun mongumboyo Tokyo sabaagi bandar, mantad 1943 struktur koporintaan nopo Tokyo lobi kopiirad do wilayah, kiharo Gabenor om kopibandaran di lobi okoro di mombontuk Metropolis. Wad Khas id Tokyo nopo nga poinghanggum no Chiyoda, Kinoyonon bongunan Diet Pogun om Istana Imperial Tokyo; Shinjuku, longkod kopomorintaan bandar om shibuya, hab pongindopuan om pongindopuan.
Pogulu Abad 17, Tokyo nopo nga ointutunan sabaagi Edo, kinoyonon monginginsasada. Nakaanu koimaganan politik ontok toun 1603 soira do nadadi tirikohon di Keshogunan Tokugawa. Masa'an pi'intangaan abad ko-18, nadadi Edo diti sabaagi iso mantad piipiro bandar tagyo id pomogunan, lobi 1 juta tulun. Kalapas do kopomulihan Meiji (1868), Pinoundaliu tama empayar do Kyoto kumaa Edo, om bandar nopo diti nga ponoundaliu ngaran kumaa Tokyo (lit. 'Eastern Capital'). Ontok toun 1923, naraag pogun Tokyo tu nouru gagaran Great Kantō, om bandar on nouru nogi do bom masa'an pisangadan pomogunan ii. Tumimpuun do koowiyon 1940-on, naakanu kawagu pogun Tokyo do koingkawasan di nokounsub pongindopuan Jipun, Jipun nopo nga nadadi do pogun pogun koduo do pongindopuan di poinsonong, id dohuri Amerika Syarikat.[8] Gisom do 2023, bandar nopo diti nga kaanu manahak kinoyonon do 29 mantad 500 syarikat tangagayo id pomogunan, di poinsuang do Fortune Global 500 — Koduo di akawas mantad bandar suai.[9]
Nadadi Tokyo do bandar koiso id Asia di papaanjur do Olimpik om Paralimpik ontok do 1964 om 2021. Nakaanu nogi do papaanjur G7 id 1973, 1986 om 1993. Tokyo nopo nga iso hab Sompogunan id ponoriukan om kopotundaan om longkod pinsingilaan miampai piipiro universiti apangkal poinghanggum no Universiti Tokyo, Universiti kipangkat takawas id Jipun.[10][11] Stesen Tokyo nopo nga hab longkod do Shinkansen, piromutan korita tapui di akawas kosiahan om Stesen Shinjuku id bandar nopo nga bobos atangkangau id pomogunan. Tokyo Skytree nopo nga manara takawas id pomogunan.[12] Ralan Tokyo Metro Ginza, noukab ontok toun 1927, nopo nga ralan metro siriba tana' di bobos otuo' id Asia-Pasifik.[13]
Tokyo nopo mantad nga ointutunan sabaagi Edo (江戸), kompaunkanji江 (e, "suok, ) and戸 (kumaa, "kosuangon, tansar, longobon").[14] Ngaran diti milo podolinon do "estuary", iso sukuon kumaa kinoyonon mantad id pirubaanSumida River omTokyo Bay. Masa'onMeiji Restoration ontok 1868, ngaran do pogun diti minaan alanai kumaa Tokyo (東京, from 東 tō "east", and 京 kyō "capital"), soira nadadi impayar, pinomungaaran pogun diti tumanud koubasanan kosilahon Asia di popohompit panandatan (京) id ngaran tama pogun (Poomitanan,Kyoto (京都),Keijō (京城),Beijing (北京),Nanjing (南京), andXijing (西京)).[15] Masa'on do timpu"Meiji period", pogun diti boroson do "Tōkei", karalano suai montok popolombus "Tokyo", wonsoyon idkanji homograph. Piipiro dikumon tulun ufis Inggeris momoguno ija'an "Tokei";[16] mulong po, kopolombusan diti nopo do baino nga gansai.[17]
Id 534, iso pioduhan di kiskala agayo norikud id kinoyonon diti, om aasil nopo nga Kasahara no Omi, sabaafi nakalantoi, om pinopoingkakatKuni no Miyatsuko (Gabenor wilayah) mantadEmperor Ankan. KuilSenso-ji id Asakusa nopo nga pinoimagon ontok 645. Id siriba sistomRitsuryō system di nokoimagon maso doAsuka period, kogumuan do tokyo baino nga poinsuang doMusashi Province di pogulu. Soira naratu kopomorintaanKingdom of Baekje maya pisangadanBattle of Baekgang ontok 660s, ribuon songkosuai pinoiyon kawagu id Musashi.[22]
Maya do panalaban do Odara, nakaanuTokugawa Ieyasu doKantō region mantad diToyotomi Hideyoshi om minundaliu mantad hilo, tana tinungkusan id katanaanMikawa Province. Pinoingkawas dau kinogoyoon do istana Edo di noiduanan no om nangaraag di timpuun nogi yau korikot om momorinta. Soira do nadadishōgun yau, Kopomorintaande facto id pogun, ontok 1603, koinsanan pogun id siriba pomorintahan do Edo. Mulong po do ingkaa,Tokugawa shogunate momorinta maya praktikal, kakal poImperial House of Japan pomorinta di poimagon koporintaande jure , om kangaranan do shōgun pinatahak kumaa maharaja sabaagi formaliti. Walai do maharaja nopo nga hilo idKyoto mantad 794 gisom 1868, mantad diti Edo nopo nga kakal po do okon ko tama pogun Jipun.[24]: 16 Timpu doEdo period, nakaanu do kotoronongon pogun di oilaan doPax Tokugawa, om id maso kotonoronongon diti, Koobian shogun diti momogompi dasar sonkosuai di ogirot (sakoku) om monguhup do mongilag do koligaganan mantad souder di agayo kumaa kinoyonon diti.[25] Maya do aiso pisangadan diti, kaanu Edo do tumorodok do momonsoi kawagu bogunan di notutudan, noontok do gogor pogun, susuai po kobolingakahangan pogun di notoguangan do pogun diti. Aasil di, Edo nopo nga nokoburu gisom nadadi iso pogun bobos tagayo id pomogunan di korikot tulun ginumuan 1 juta ontok abad ko 18[26]
Mulong po do ingkaa, timpu sonkosuai di anaru diti notingkod osira nokorikot i komodorMatthew C. Perry mantad Amerika Syarikat id toun 1853. Minononsog i komodor Perry do mongukab kawagu do palabuhan doShimoda omHakodate, di minogowit do kinoingkawason do pokionuan do kakamot mantad labus pogun om nakaanu do pinoinsawat infalasi.[27] Kakanggahan do id ginumuan tulun nopo nga miningkawas tu apagon gatang do kakamot ontok di om nokoimbulai do susumangod om demonstrasi di agayo, loolobi po id bontuk mamabak do kadai-kadai wagas.[28] Id maso diti nogi, tulun di monokodung do Maharaja minanganu kosiwatan mantad au kopitorunungon diti do popogirot kuasa politik, di minogowit korotuon do shogun Tokugawa di tohuri,Yoshinobu, id 1867.[29] Kalapas 265 toun ,Pax Tokugawa nokorikot id kolimpupuson. Id Mikat 1868, pinatahak istana Edo kumaa koobian monokodung Maharaja maya pogibabarasan (Korotuon doFall of Edo). Mulong po do ingkaa nga haro po souder di taat kumaa shogunan di pinoopotilombus do tinggisaman, nakaalan diolo nopo nga ontok pisangadan UenoBattle of Ueno ontok 4 Madas 1868 , koinsanan pogun Edo naratu kumaa kopomorintaan do wagu tnew government.[30]
Tulun Tokyo mogiahau id ginumuan tulun do agangau id sumuang korita tapuitram,c. 1910
Kalapas do kinorotuon do Koshogunan Tokugawa, kumoinsan montok do piipiro abad do Maharaja Jipun nopo nga okon ko simbolik no nga nadadi sabaagi pomorintade facto andde jure do pogun di. Pinoposogu iHisoka Maejima do guno tama pogun nopo nga poundolihon kumaa Tokyo, maya koinsanangan do infrakstuktur mantad om linaab do Dataran Kanto suai ko' lembangan Kyoto di lobi okoro.[31] Kalapas do pinatahak o Edo kumaa kopomorintaha Meiji, naalanan o ngaran kumaa Tokyo (Tama Pogun Kosilahon) ontok 3 Manom 1868. NokoongoiEmperor Meiji tombului do kinoyonon diti do koowiyon toun diti om minundaliu kopio ontok toun 1869. Tokyo nopo kopio nga nadadi longkod politik do pogun montok piipiro linaid somok no tolu abad,[32] om soira do tuminindohoi i Maharaja hilo, Tokyo nogi nga nadadi tama pogun empayar maya de facto. Istana Edo nopo nga nadadi Istana Diraja Jipun. Montiri pomorinta miagal ko' montiri kousinan nga pinoundaliu kumaa Tokyo ontok toun 1871.[33] Wawayaan korita tapui di kumoiso id Jipun nopo noukaban ontok 14 Gumas 1872, popiromutShimbashi (Shiodome) omYokohama (Sakuragicho), baino nopo nga soboogian do wawayaan Tokaido.[34] Ontok toun 1870 -on, pinoimagon mogikakawo institusi om koinsanangan toponsol di nadadi do simbol Tokyo miagal ko'Ueno Park (1873),University of Tokyo (1877) omTokyo Stock Exchange (1878). Koburuon kemodenan di osiau pinoindalan mantad Tokyo, maya do kinoyonon pongindopuan miagal koMarunouchi di noponu do bongunan bata moden, om korita tapui monguhup montok do poposunsui kinoris kukumaraja di ogumu om kikonuruan ontok monokodung pembangunan ekonomi,[35] Pinoimagon do rasmi Bandar Tokyo ontok 1 Mikat 1889. Ontok toun diti nogi,Imperial Diet, Kotinanan Kooturan Kabansaan Jipun pinoimagon id Tokyo om kakal poindalan gisom do baino.
Metropolitan Police Tama ufis pointutud sabab do gogor tana. on fire following the earthquake. Nokounsub tapui di mantad gogor tana gisom nokoimbulaifire whirls.
Ontok 1 Manom 1923, noontok Tokyo gogor tanaGreat Kanto Earthquake om kasaraban minamatai kiikiro 105.000 ginawo tulun. Ginumu kinorugian nopo nga agaon do 37 piatus mantad kosoliwanon ekonomi pogun.[36] Mulong po do ingkaa, kinaraagan diti nakaanu manahk kosiwatan do momorindak kawagu do perancangan bandar, di arau-arau minundaliu bontuk kalapasMeiji Restoration. Bongunan konkrit popokito kadar kopotilombusan di akawas, mongunsub do kopongolihan mantad kopomogunoon kayu om bata kumaa kapamansayan moden di otial gogor tana'.[37]Tokyo Metro Ginza Line pialatan do Ueno om Asakusa, wawayaan korita tapui id siriba tana' di kumoiso do winonsoi id soliwan do Europe om benua Amerika, nopongo ontok 30 Momuhau 1927.[13] Mulong po do nopuli Tokyo mantad do gogor tana' nga nokoimbulai kegerakan koubasanan om politik liberal miagal ko'Taishō Democracy, dekad 1930-on pinopokito do kinoruon ekonomi di agayo gisom do nadadiGreat Depression om kinakasaon id politik. Duo pogumbalan do magahau kuasa souder id Tokyo ontok 15 Mikat 1932 om 26 Mansak 1936. Kinakasaon diti minanahak do kosiwatan kumaa souder jipun id kopomorintahan montok do monguasa pogun, di minogowit do kaampayatan jipun id sangod jipyn koduo sabaagi kuasa paksi. Maya do sonkosuai politik Jipun id taang sompogunan sabab do pencorobohan do souder id China om kowowoyoon geopolitik di makin au stabil id Europe. Nasansagan Tokyo suminoliwan mantad do adadi tuan walai Sukan Olimpik Timpu Alasu 1940 ontok toun 1938.[38] Nokotimpuun
Rationing id Mahas 1940 da'amot do pogun nokotounda montok sangod pomogunan sumusuhut, om kapamarayahan do kinoulitan ko-26 abad koinsawatan do takhta Maharaja Jimmu toun di montok popoingkawas sunduan om kointutunan kabansaan. Ontok 8 Momuhau 1941, minonarang Jipun do pangakalan souder Amerika id Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, nopogowit do sangod pomogunan kumoduo sumaap do kuasa bersatu. Pomorintahan maso sangod nopo nga minanahak bagas tagayo kumaa koposion monikid tadau id Tokyo.[39]
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