Electrical Engineering and Systems Science > Audio and Speech Processing
arXiv:2309.11827 (eess)
[Submitted on 21 Sep 2023]
Title:The Impact of Silence on Speech Anti-Spoofing
View a PDF of the paper titled The Impact of Silence on Speech Anti-Spoofing, by Yuxiang Zhang and 5 other authors
View PDFAbstract:The current speech anti-spoofing countermeasures (CMs) show excellent performance on specific datasets. However, removing the silence of test speech through Voice Activity Detection (VAD) can severely degrade performance. In this paper, the impact of silence on speech anti-spoofing is analyzed. First, the reasons for the impact are explored, including the proportion of silence duration and the content of silence. The proportion of silence duration in spoof speech generated by text-to-speech (TTS) algorithms is lower than that in bonafide speech. And the content of silence generated by different waveform generators varies compared to bonafide speech. Then the impact of silence on model prediction is explored. Even after retraining, the spoof speech generated by neural network based end-to-end TTS algorithms suffers a significant rise in error rates when the silence is removed. To demonstrate the reasons for the impact of silence on CMs, the attention distribution of a CM is visualized through class activation mapping (CAM). Furthermore, the implementation and analysis of the experiments masking silence or non-silence demonstrates the significance of the proportion of silence duration for detecting TTS and the importance of silence content for detecting voice conversion (VC). Based on the experimental results, improving the robustness of CMs against unknown spoofing attacks by masking silence is also proposed. Finally, the attacks on anti-spoofing CMs through concatenating silence, and the mitigation of VAD and silence attack through low-pass filtering are introduced.
| Comments: | 16 pages, 9 figures, 13 tables |
| Subjects: | Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS); Sound (cs.SD) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2309.11827 [eess.AS] |
| (orarXiv:2309.11827v1 [eess.AS] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2309.11827 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
Full-text links:
Access Paper:
- View PDF
- TeX Source
- Other Formats
View a PDF of the paper titled The Impact of Silence on Speech Anti-Spoofing, by Yuxiang Zhang and 5 other authors
References & Citations
Bookmark
Bibliographic and Citation Tools
Bibliographic Explorer(What is the Explorer?)
Connected Papers(What is Connected Papers?)
Litmaps(What is Litmaps?)
scite Smart Citations(What are Smart Citations?)
Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article
alphaXiv(What is alphaXiv?)
CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers(What is CatalyzeX?)
DagsHub(What is DagsHub?)
Gotit.pub(What is GotitPub?)
Hugging Face(What is Huggingface?)
Papers with Code(What is Papers with Code?)
ScienceCast(What is ScienceCast?)
Demos
Recommenders and Search Tools
Influence Flower(What are Influence Flowers?)
CORE Recommender(What is CORE?)
arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.
Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.
Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community?Learn more about arXivLabs.